Servlet+Tomcat搭建Http服務

1、下載Tomcat

Tomcat官網下載：http://tomcat.apache.org/
要確保Tomcat與JDK版本對應，此文中採用的是Tomcatv8.0和JDK1.7
查看各版本對應：http://tomcat.apache.org/whichversion.html

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2、建web項目

打開eclipse
File -> New -> Dynamic Web Project
-> 輸入Project name: MyServlet -> New Runtime… -> Apache Tomcat v8.0
-> Next->Browse -> 選擇Tomcat v8.0安裝目錄 -> 確定 -> Finish
-> Next -> Next -> Generate web.xml…前打鉤 -> Finish

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3、建Servlet.java

src下新建package: servletTest
servletTest下新建: ServletServer.java

項目文件如下：

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4.ServletServer.java

1. package servletTest;
2.     
3. import javax.servlet.ServletException;
4. import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
5. import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
6. import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
7.     
8. import java.io.BufferedReader;
9. import java.io.IOException;
10. import java.io.PrintWriter;
11. import java.net.URLDecoder;
12.     
13. public class ServletServer extends HttpServlet {
14.     
15.     private static final long serialVersionUID = -8007568372864896315L;
16.     
17.     protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
18.             throws ServletException, IOException {
19.         request.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
20.         response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
21.         PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
22.         
23.         BufferedReader bufferReader = request.getReader();
24.         StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();
25.         String line = "";
26.         while ((line = bufferReader.readLine()) != null) {
27.             buffer.append(line);
28.         }
29.         String postData = buffer.toString();
30.         postData = URLDecoder.decode(postData, "utf-8");
31.         String[] params = postData.split("&");
32.         
33.         String id = null;
34.         String name = null;
35.         
36.         for (int index = 0; index < params.length; index = index + 1) {
37.             if (params[index].startsWith("id=")) {
38.                 id = params[index].substring(params[index].indexOf("id=") + "id=".length());
39.             }
40.             if (params[index].startsWith("name=")) {
41.                 name = params[index].substring(params[index].indexOf("name=") + "name=".length());
42.             }
43.         }
44.         
45.         if (!((null == id || id.isEmpty()) && (null == name || name.isEmpty()))) {
46.             String ret = "id爲" + id + ";name爲" + name;
47.             out.print(ret);
48.             out.flush();
49.             out.close();
50.         } else {
51.             out.print("無數據");
52.             out.flush();
53.             out.close();
54.         }
55.     }
56.     
57.     protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
58.             throws ServletException, IOException {
59.         doPost(request, response);
60.     }
61.     
62. }

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5、web.xml配置

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6、運行SercletServer.java

Eclipse會自動彈出一個瀏覽器，效果如圖：

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7、HttpRequest

從網上隨便找一個HttpRequest來測試一下

1. package httpTest;
2.     
3. import java.io.BufferedReader;
4. import java.io.IOException;
5. import java.io.InputStreamReader;
6. import java.io.PrintWriter;
7. import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
8. import java.net.URL;
9. import java.net.URLConnection;
10. import java.net.URLEncoder;
11.     
12. public class HttpRequest {
13.     
14.     public static void main(String[] args) throws UnsupportedEncodingException {
15.         String data="id=521&name=宋";
16.         data=URLEncoder.encode(data, "utf-8");
17.         String sr = HttpRequest.sendPost("http://localhost:8080/MyServlet/", data);
18.         System.out.println(sr);
19.     }
20.     
21.    /**
22.     * 向指定 URL 發送POST方法的請求
23.     * 
24.     * @param url
25.     *            發送請求的 URL
26.     * @param param
27.     *            請求參數，請求參數應該是name1=value1&name2=value2 的形式。
28.     * @return 所代表遠程資源的響應結果
29.     */
30.    public static String sendPost(String url, String param) {
31.        PrintWriter out = null;
32.        BufferedReader in = null;
33.        String result = "";
34.        try {
35.            URL realUrl = new URL(url);
36.            // 打開和URL之間的連接
37.            URLConnection conn = realUrl.openConnection();
38.            // 設置通用的請求屬性
39.            conn.setRequestProperty("accept", "*/*");
40.            conn.setRequestProperty("connection", "Keep-Alive");
41.            conn.setRequestProperty("user-agent",
42.                    "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT5.1;SV1)");
43.            // 發送POST請求必須設置如下兩行
44.            conn.setDoOutput(true);
45.            conn.setDoInput(true);
46.            // 獲取URLConnection對象對應的輸出流
47.            out = new PrintWriter(conn.getOutputStream());
48.            // 發送請求參數
49.            out.print(param);
50.            // flush輸出流的緩衝
51.            out.flush();
52.            // 定義BufferedReader輸入流來讀取URL的響應
53.            in = new BufferedReader(
54.                    new InputStreamReader(conn.getInputStream()));
55.            String line;
56.            while ((line = in.readLine()) != null) {
57.                result += line;
58.            }
59.        } catch (Exception e) {
60.            System.out.println("發送 POST 請求出現異常！"+e);
61.            e.printStackTrace();
62.        }
63.        //使用finally塊來關閉輸出流、輸入流
64.        finally{
65.            try{
66.                if(out!=null){
67.                    out.close();
68.                }
69.                if(in!=null){
70.                    in.close();
71.                }
72.            }
73.            catch(IOException ex){
74.                ex.printStackTrace();
75.            }
76.        }
77.        return result;
78.    }    
79.    
80. }

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8、http測試結果

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9、war包

右鍵項目 -> Export -> WAR file
把導出的war包放在Tomcat安裝目錄下的webapps文件夾下
進入Tomcat安裝目錄下的bin文件夾，雙擊startup.bat運行
運行剛纔的HttpRequest.java，可以得到相同的結果

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10、Tomcat？湯姆貓？喵~