iOS一個簡單聊天工具的實現

簡易的聊天工具

1.1 問題

Socket的英文原義是孔或者插座的意思，通常也稱作套接字，用於描述IP地址和端口，是一個通信鏈的句柄，本案例使用第三方Socket編程框架AsyncSocket框架實現一個簡易的聊天工具，並且能夠進行文件傳輸，由於沒有服務器本案例將服務器端和客戶端寫在一個程序中，如圖-1所示：

圖-1

1.2 方案

首先創建一個SingleViewApplication應用，導入AsyncSocket框架。在Storyboard中搭建聊天界面，上方的Textfield控件用於輸入接受端IP地址，中間TextView控件用於展示聊天記錄，下方的TextView用於接受用戶輸入的聊天內容，右下角有一個發送按鈕。將這三個控件分別關聯成ViewController的輸出口屬性IPTF、chatRecordTV、chatTV。

接下來首先實現聊天功能，在ViewController中定義三個屬性severSocket、clientSocket以及myNewSocket。在viewDidLoad方法中創建服務器端severSocket，將端口號設置爲8000，委託對象設置爲self。將發送按鈕關聯成viewController的動作方法send:，實現send:方法，創建客戶端對象，獲取聊天輸入框的內容轉化成NSData類型的數據發送出去。

然後ViewController遵守AsyncSocketDelegate協議，分別實現關於socket連接，數據傳輸以及數據讀取的協議方法，更新顯示聊天記錄內容。

最後實現傳輸文件功能，傳輸文件時爲了確定所傳輸文件的類型需要拼接一個消息頭，將傳輸文件的類型、名稱和大小保存到消息頭裏，通常傳輸數據的開始的100個字節是消息頭。在sender:方法中增加拼接消息頭的代碼。

接受端在接收到文件數據時首先對消息頭進行解析，獲取到接收文件的類型、大小以及名稱，然後再持續接受文件數據，接受完成後將文件保存到本地路徑。

1.3 步驟

實現此案例需要按照如下步驟進行。

步驟一：搭建聊天界面

首先創建一個SingleViewApplication應用，導入AsyncSocket框架。在Storyboard中搭建聊天界面，上方的Textfield控件用於輸入接受端IP地址，中間TextView控件用於展示聊天記錄，下方的TextView用於接受用戶輸入的聊天內容，如圖-2所示：

圖-2

然後將這三個控件分別關聯成ViewController的輸出口屬性IPTF、chatRecordTV、chatTV，代碼如下所示：

@interface ViewController ()
@property (weak, nonatomic) IBOutlet UITextField *IPTF;
@property (weak, nonatomic) IBOutlet UITextView *chatRecordTV;
@property (weak, nonatomic) IBOutlet UITextView *chatTV;
@end

步驟二：實現聊天功能

首先在ViewController中定義三個屬性severSocket、clientSocket以及myNewSocket，代碼如下所示：

@interface ViewController ()
@property (nonatomic, strong)AsyncSocket *serverSocket;
@property (nonatomic, strong)AsyncSocket *clientSocket;
@property (nonatomic, strong)AsyncSocket *myNewSocket;
@end

其次在viewDidLoad方法中創建服務器端severSocket，將端口號設置爲8000，委託對象設置爲self，代碼如下所示：

- (void)viewDidLoad {
    [super viewDidLoad];
    self.serverSocket = [[AsyncSocket alloc]initWithDelegate:self];
    [self.serverSocket acceptOnPort:8000 error:nil];
}

將發送按鈕關聯成viewController的動作方法send:，實現send:方法，創建客戶端對象，獲取聊天輸入框的內容轉化成NSData類型的數據發送出去，代碼如下所示：

- (IBAction)send:(UIButton *)sender {
    [self.chatTV resignFirstResponder];
    //創建Socket客戶端
    self.clientSocket = [[AsyncSocket alloc]initWithDelegate:self];
    [self.clientSocket connectToHost:self.IPTF.text onPort:8000 withTimeout:-1 error:nil];
   //將聊天輸入框的內容轉化爲NSData
NSData  *data = [self.chatTV.text dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
   //發送數據
    [self.clientSocket writeData:data withTimeout:-1 tag:0];
    self.chatRecordTV.text = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@\n我說：%@",self.chatRecordTV.text,self.chatTV.text];
}

運行程序發現，點擊聊天輸入框彈出的鍵盤會擋住聊天輸入框，因此需要在接受用戶輸入的時候屏幕界面上移，viewController遵守UITextFieldDelegate和UITextViewDelegate協議，當進入輸入狀況的時候屏幕界面上移，代碼如下所示：

-(BOOL)textViewShouldBeginEditing:(UITextView *)textView {
    [UIView beginAnimations:nil context:nil];
    [UIView setAnimationCurve:UIViewAnimationCurveEaseIn];
    [UIView setAnimationDuration:0.2];
    self.view.center = CGPointMake(160, self.view.center.y-200);
    [UIView commitAnimations];
    return YES;
}

添加一個單擊手勢。當單擊屏幕或者點擊發送按鈕時鍵盤收回，屏幕界面恢復正常位置，代碼如下所示：

//點擊發送按鈕是
- (IBAction)send:(UIButton *)sender {
    [self.chatTV resignFirstResponder];
    [UIView beginAnimations:nil context:nil];
    [UIView setAnimationCurve:UIViewAnimationCurveEaseIn];
    [UIView setAnimationDuration:0.2];
    self.view.center = CGPointMake(160, point.y);
    [UIView commitAnimations];
    //創建Socket客戶端
    self.clientSocket = [[AsyncSocket alloc]initWithDelegate:self];
    [self.clientSocket connectToHost:self.IPTF.text onPort:8000 withTimeout:-1 error:nil];
   //將聊天輸入框的內容轉化爲NSData
   NSData  *data = [self.chatTV.text dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
   //發送數據
    [self.clientSocket writeData:data withTimeout:-1 tag:0];
    self.chatRecordTV.text = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@\n我說：%@",self.chatRecordTV.text,self.chatTV.text];
}
//單擊屏幕時
- (IBAction)resign:(UITapGestureRecognizer *)sender {
    if (self.view.center.y!=point.y) {
        [self.chatTV resignFirstResponder];
        [UIView beginAnimations:nil context:nil];
        [UIView setAnimationCurve:UIViewAnimationCurveEaseIn];
        [UIView setAnimationDuration:0.2];
        self.view.center = point;
        [UIView commitAnimations];
    }
}

最後ViewController遵守AsyncSocketDelegate協議，分別實現關於socket連接，數據傳輸以及數據讀取的協議方法，代碼如下所示：

//當Socket接受一個連接的時候被調用
-(void)onSocket:(AsyncSocket *)sock didAcceptNewSocket:(AsyncSocket *)newSocket{
    //將新接受的socket持有
    self.myNewSocket = newSocket;
}
//當Socket連接並準備讀和寫調用
-(void)onSocket:(AsyncSocket *)sock didConnectToHost:(NSString *)host port:(UInt16)port {
    //持續讀取數據
    [self.myNewSocket readDataWithTimeout:-1 tag:0];
}
//當Socket讀取數據時調用
-(void)onSocket:(AsyncSocket *)sock didReadData:(NSData *)data withTag:(long)tag {
        NSString *chatStr = [[NSString alloc]initWithData:data encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
     self.chatRecordTV.text = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@\n對方說：%@",self.chatRecordTV.text,chatStr];
[self.myNewSocket readDataWithTimeout:-1 tag:0];
}
//持續發送數據
-(void)onSocket:(AsyncSocket *)sock didWriteDataWithTag:(long)tag {
    NSLog(@"發送成功");
    [self.myNewSocket readDataWithTimeout:-1 tag:0];
}

運行程序，聊天效果如圖-3所示：

圖-3

步驟三：實現文件傳輸功能

首先定義三個屬性用於記錄傳輸文件的數據、名稱和大小，代碼如下所示：

@property (strong,nonatomic) NSMutableData *allData;
@property (nonatomic, copy)NSString *reciveFileName;
@property (nonatomic, assign)int reciveFileLength;

文件傳輸需要拼接頭文件，將傳輸文件的類型、大小和名稱放進消息頭裏面，因此在sender:方法中增加拼接消息頭的代碼，本案例以路徑開頭區分是發送文件還是聊天，代碼如下所示：

- (IBAction)send:(UIButton *)sender {
    [self.chatTV resignFirstResponder];
    [UIView beginAnimations:nil context:nil];
    [UIView setAnimationCurve:UIViewAnimationCurveEaseIn];
    [UIView setAnimationDuration:0.2];
    self.view.center = CGPointMake(160, point.y);
    [UIView commitAnimations];
    self.clientSocket = [[AsyncSocket alloc]initWithDelegate:self];
    [self.clientSocket connectToHost:self.IPTF.text onPort:8000 withTimeout:-1 error:nil];
    if (![self.chatTV.text hasPrefix:@"/Users"]) {
        NSData  *data = [self.chatTV.text dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
        [self.clientSocket writeData:data withTimeout:-1 tag:0];
        self.chatRecordTV.text = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@\n我說：%@",self.chatRecordTV.text,self.chatTV.text];
    }else {
        NSString *filePath = self.chatTV.text;
        NSData *fileData = [NSData dataWithContentsOfFile:filePath];
        //把頭信息添加到文件Data的前面
        NSString *header = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"file&&%@&&%d",[filePath lastPathComponent],fileData.length];
        //把頭字符串轉成data
        NSData *headerData = [header dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
        //把頭替換進100個字節的data裏面
        NSMutableData *sendAllData = [NSMutableData dataWithLength:100];
        [sendAllData replaceBytesInRange:NSMakeRange(0, headerData.length) withBytes:headerData.bytes];
        [sendAllData appendData:fileData];
        NSLog(@"%@",header);
        NSLog(@"SendLength = %d",sendAllData.length);
        [self.clientSocket writeData:sendAllData withTimeout:-1 tag:0];
        self.chatRecordTV.text = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@\n我說：%@正在發送",self.chatRecordTV.text,self.chatTV.text];
    }
}

在讀取數據的方法中首先獲取消息頭信息，如果傳遞過來的是文件則獲取到傳輸文件的類型、大小和名稱，持續讀取文件數據，將文件保存到本地路徑，接受完成更新聊天記錄，代碼如下所示：

-(void)onSocket:(AsyncSocket *)sock didReadData:(NSData *)data withTag:(long)tag {
    if (data.length>=100) {
        NSData *headerData = [data subdataWithRange:NSMakeRange(0, 100)];
        NSString *headerStr = [[NSString alloc]initWithData:headerData encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
        if (headerStr&& [headerStr componentsSeparatedByString:@"&&"].count==3) {
            isFile = YES;
        }
    }
    if (isFile == NO) {
        NSString *chatStr = [[NSString alloc]initWithData:data encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
        self.chatRecordTV.text = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@\n對方說：%@",self.chatRecordTV.text,chatStr];
    }
    if (isFile==YES) {
        if (data.length>=100) {
            NSData *headerData = [data subdataWithRange:NSMakeRange(0, 100)];
            NSString *headerStr = [[NSString alloc]initWithData:headerData encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
            if (headerStr&& [headerStr componentsSeparatedByString:@"&&"].count==3) {
                NSArray *headers = [headerStr componentsSeparatedByString:@"&&"];
                NSString *type = [headers objectAtIndex:0];
                if ([type isEqualToString:@"file"]) {
                    self.reciveFileName = [headers objectAtIndex:1];
                    self.reciveFileLength = [[headers objectAtIndex:2] intValue];
                    NSData *subFileData = [data subdataWithRange:NSMakeRange(100, data.length-100)];
                    if (!self.allData) {
                        self.allData = [NSMutableData data];
                    }
                    [self.allData appendData:subFileData];
                }
            }else {//沒有消息頭的情況下
                [self.allData appendData:data];
            }
        }else {//沒有消息頭的情況下
            [self.allData appendData:data];
        }
        NSLog(@"%d,%d",self.allData.length,self.reciveFileLength);
        if (self.allData.length == self.reciveFileLength ) {
            NSLog(@"接受完成");
            NSString *filePath = [@"/Users/Vivian/Documents" stringByAppendingPathComponent:self.reciveFileName];
            [self.allData writeToFile:filePath atomically:YES];
            self.chatRecordTV.text = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@\n對方說：成功接收文件%@",self.chatRecordTV.text,self.reciveFileName];
            self.allData = nil;
            isFile = NO;
        }
        if (isFile == YES) {
            //如果有數據能夠持續接受
            [self.myNewSocket readDataWithTimeout:-1 tag:0];
        }
    }
}

運行程序，傳輸文件效果如圖-4所示：

圖-4

1.4 完整代碼

本案例中，ViewController.m文件中的完整代碼如下所示：

#import "ViewController.h"
@interface ViewController () <AsyncSocketDelegate,UITextFieldDelegate,UITextViewDelegate> {
    BOOL isFile;
    CGPoint point;
}
@property (weak, nonatomic) IBOutlet UITextField *IPTF;
@property (weak, nonatomic) IBOutlet UITextView *chatRecordTV;
@property (weak, nonatomic) IBOutlet UITextView *chatTV;
@property (nonatomic, strong)AsyncSocket *serverSocket;
@property (nonatomic, strong)AsyncSocket *clientSocket;
@property (nonatomic, strong)AsyncSocket *myNewSocket;
@property (strong,nonatomic) NSMutableData *allData;
@property (nonatomic, copy)NSString *reciveFileName;
@property (nonatomic, assign)int reciveFileLength;
@end
@implementation ViewController
- (void)viewDidLoad {
    [super viewDidLoad];
    self.serverSocket = [[AsyncSocket alloc]initWithDelegate:self];
    [self.serverSocket acceptOnPort:8000 error:nil];
    point = self.view.center;
    self.allData = [NSMutableData data];
    isFile = NO;
}
-(void)onSocket:(AsyncSocket *)sock didAcceptNewSocket:(AsyncSocket *)newSocket{
    //將新接受的socket持有
    self.myNewSocket = newSocket;
}
-(void)onSocket:(AsyncSocket *)sock didConnectToHost:(NSString *)host port:(UInt16)port {
    [self.myNewSocket readDataWithTimeout:-1 tag:0];
}
-(void)onSocket:(AsyncSocket *)sock didReadData:(NSData *)data withTag:(long)tag {
    if (data.length>=100) {
        NSData *headerData = [data subdataWithRange:NSMakeRange(0, 100)];
        NSString *headerStr = [[NSString alloc]initWithData:headerData encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
        if (headerStr&& [headerStr componentsSeparatedByString:@"&&"].count==3) {
            isFile = YES;
        }
    }
    if (isFile == NO) {
        NSString *chatStr = [[NSString alloc]initWithData:data encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
        self.chatRecordTV.text = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@\n對方說：%@",self.chatRecordTV.text,chatStr];
    }
    if (isFile==YES) {
        if (data.length>=100) {
            NSData *headerData = [data subdataWithRange:NSMakeRange(0, 100)];
            NSString *headerStr = [[NSString alloc]initWithData:headerData encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
            if (headerStr&& [headerStr componentsSeparatedByString:@"&&"].count==3) {
                NSArray *headers = [headerStr componentsSeparatedByString:@"&&"];
                NSString *type = [headers objectAtIndex:0];
                if ([type isEqualToString:@"file"]) {
                    self.reciveFileName = [headers objectAtIndex:1];
                    self.reciveFileLength = [[headers objectAtIndex:2] intValue];
                    NSData *subFileData = [data subdataWithRange:NSMakeRange(100, data.length-100)];
                    if (!self.allData) {
                        self.allData = [NSMutableData data];
                    }
                    [self.allData appendData:subFileData];
                }
            }else {//沒有消息頭的情況下
                [self.allData appendData:data];
            }
        }else {//沒有消息頭的情況下
            [self.allData appendData:data];
        }
        NSLog(@"%d,%d",self.allData.length,self.reciveFileLength);
        if (self.allData.length == self.reciveFileLength ) {
            NSLog(@"接受完成");
            NSString *filePath = [@"/Users/Vivian/Documents" stringByAppendingPathComponent:self.reciveFileName];
            [self.allData writeToFile:filePath atomically:YES];
            self.chatRecordTV.text = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@\n對方說：成功接收文件%@",self.chatRecordTV.text,self.reciveFileName];
            self.allData = nil;
            isFile = NO;
        }
        if (isFile == YES) {
            //如果有數據能夠持續接受
            [self.myNewSocket readDataWithTimeout:-1 tag:0];
        }
    }
}
-(void)onSocket:(AsyncSocket *)sock didWriteDataWithTag:(long)tag {
    NSLog(@"發送成功");
    [self.myNewSocket readDataWithTimeout:-1 tag:0];
}
-(BOOL)textViewShouldBeginEditing:(UITextView *)textView {
    [UIView beginAnimations:nil context:nil];
    [UIView setAnimationCurve:UIViewAnimationCurveEaseIn];
    [UIView setAnimationDuration:0.2];
    self.view.center = CGPointMake(160, self.view.center.y-200);
    [UIView commitAnimations];
    return YES;
}
- (IBAction)send:(UIButton *)sender {
    [self.chatTV resignFirstResponder];
    [UIView beginAnimations:nil context:nil];
    [UIView setAnimationCurve:UIViewAnimationCurveEaseIn];
    [UIView setAnimationDuration:0.2];
    self.view.center = CGPointMake(160, point.y);
    [UIView commitAnimations];
    self.clientSocket = [[AsyncSocket alloc]initWithDelegate:self];
    [self.clientSocket connectToHost:self.IPTF.text onPort:8000 withTimeout:-1 error:nil];
    if (![self.chatTV.text hasPrefix:@"/Users"]) {
        NSData  *data = [self.chatTV.text dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
        [self.clientSocket writeData:data withTimeout:-1 tag:0];
        self.chatRecordTV.text = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@\n我說：%@",self.chatRecordTV.text,self.chatTV.text];
    }else {
        NSString *filePath = self.chatTV.text;
        NSData *fileData = [NSData dataWithContentsOfFile:filePath];
        //把頭信息添加到文件Data的前面
        NSString *header = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"file&&%@&&%d",[filePath lastPathComponent],fileData.length];
        //把頭字符串轉成data
        NSData *headerData = [header dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
        //把頭替換進100個字節的data裏面
        NSMutableData *sendAllData = [NSMutableData dataWithLength:100];
        [sendAllData replaceBytesInRange:NSMakeRange(0, headerData.length) withBytes:headerData.bytes];
        [sendAllData appendData:fileData];
        NSLog(@"%@",header);
        NSLog(@"SendLength = %d",sendAllData.length);
        [self.clientSocket writeData:sendAllData withTimeout:-1 tag:0];
        self.chatRecordTV.text = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@\n我說：%@正在發送",self.chatRecordTV.text,self.chatTV.text];
    }
}
- (IBAction)done:(UITextField *)sender {
    [self.IPTF resignFirstResponder];
}
- (IBAction)resign:(UITapGestureRecognizer *)sender {
    if (self.view.center.y!=point.y) {
        [self.chatTV resignFirstResponder];
        [UIView beginAnimations:nil context:nil];
        [UIView setAnimationCurve:UIViewAnimationCurveEaseIn];
        [UIView setAnimationDuration:0.2];
        self.view.center = point;
        [UIView commitAnimations];
    }
}
@end

隱藏

iOS一個簡單聊天工具的實現

簡易的聊天工具

1.1 問題

1.2 方案

1.3 步驟

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