zuul的主要功能有2大類,一類是路由轉發,一類是過濾器。
路由功能是微服務的一部分,比如/api/user轉發到user服務,/api/goods轉發到goods服務。
zuul默認和Ribbon結合實現了負載功能。
1、zuul實現路由轉發功能,步驟如下:
步驟1、創建maven工程service-zuul,結構圖如下:
步驟2、修改pom.xml,內容如下:
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-zuul</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
步驟3、在應用程序啓動類上加上註解@EnableZuulProxy,開啓zuul功能
package com.cn.eurekazuul;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.zuul.EnableZuulProxy;
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableZuulProxy //開啓zuul功能
@EnableEurekaClient
@EnableDiscoveryClient
public class EurekaZuulApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(EurekaZuulApplication.class, args);
}
}
步驟4、修改application.yml,內容如下:
eureka:
client:
service-url:
defaultZone: http://localhost:8501/eureka/
server:
port: 8507
spring:
application:
name: eureka-zuul
zuul:
routes:
api-a:
path: /api-a/**
serviceId: service-ribbon
api-b:
path: /api-b/**
serviceId: eureka-feign
注:以/api-a/開頭的請求都會轉發給service-ribbon服務,以/api-b/開頭的請求都會轉發給service-feign服務。
步驟5:在eureka-ribbon和eureka-feign服務的HelloController中新增如下代碼
//獲取port端口的值
@Value("${server.port}")
String port;
@RequestMapping(value="/test")
public String test(@RequestParam String name){
return "嗨,"+name+" 我是來自:"+port+"端口";
}
步驟6、測試
啓動這5個服務,如下圖
結論:訪問/api-a/test和訪問/api-b/test會跳轉到不同的服務,說明zuul的路由轉發起到作用
2、zuul實現過濾器功能,步驟如下:
zuul不僅只是路由轉發功能,並且還能過濾,做一些安全驗證
稍後補充.......