Step 1
OpenCV選擇Sources版本，下載後是zip格式，解壓即可。
Step 2
解決一些依賴關係
sudo apt-get install build-essential
sudo apt-get install cmake git libgtk2.0-dev pkg-config libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev
sudo apt-get install python-dev python-numpy libtbb2 libtbb-dev libjpeg-dev libpng-dev libtiff-dev libjasper-dev libdc1394-22-dev
sudo apt-get update
Step 3
將OpenCV3.x.x解壓後，進入opencv目錄並創建build目錄
mkdir build
cd build
Step 4
配置
cmake -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RELEASE -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local ..
make -j2
sudo make install
sudo gedit /etc/ld.so.conf.d/opencv.conf
打開後末尾添加：/usr/local/lib
sudo ldconfig
附：
在pro文件中加入頭文件的包含路徑和庫文件路徑
INCLUDEPATH += /usr/local/include \
/usr/local/include/opencv \
/usr/local/include/opencv2
LIBS += /usr/local/lib/libopencv_core.so\
/usr/local/lib/libopencv_highgui.so \
/usr/local/lib/libopencv_imgcodecs.so \
/usr/local/lib/libopencv_imgproc.so \
/usr/local/lib/libopencv_ml.so \
/usr/local/lib/libopencv_objdetect.so \
/usr/local/lib/libopencv_photo.so \
/usr/local/lib/libopencv_shape.so \
/usr/local/lib/libopencv_stitching.so \
/usr/local/lib/libopencv_superres.so \
/usr/local/lib/libopencv_video.so \
/usr/local/lib/libopencv_videoio.so \
/usr/local/lib/libopencv_videostab.so \
一定一定不要輕易用autoremove！！！
很容易把其他軟件依賴的庫刪掉，導致其他軟件無法正常使用。安裝其他東西的時候也一定要注意不要同意系統提示的remove！！！