Java 的Conllection.BinarySearch

1.Conllection.BinarySearch(List,key,c),參數有比較器,源碼如下

public static <T> int binarySearch(List<? extends T> list, T key, Comparator<? super T> c) {
        if (c==null)//判斷是否有比較器
            return binarySearch((List<? extends Comparable<? super T>>) list, key);

        if (list instanceof RandomAccess || list.size()<BINARYSEARCH_THRESHOLD)
            return Collections.indexedBinarySearch(list, key, c);
        else
            return Collections.iteratorBinarySearch(list, key, c);
    }

可以看到,第一個if判斷傳入的參數是否有比較器,如果沒有就會調用Conllection.BinarySearch(List,key);

 public static <T>
    int binarySearch(List<? extends Comparable<? super T>> list, T key) {
        if (list instanceof RandomAccess || list.size()<BINARYSEARCH_THRESHOLD)
            return Collections.indexedBinarySearch(list, key);
        else
            return Collections.iteratorBinarySearch(list, key);
    }

在第二個if中首先判斷list是否實現RandomAccess接口(RandomAccess接口這個空架子的存在,是爲了能夠更好地判斷集合是否ArrayList或者LinkedList,從而能夠更好選擇更優的遍歷方式,提高性能!,instanceof其作用是用來判斷某對象是否爲某個類)或接口類型或者list的size有沒有超過BINARYSEARCH_THRESHOLD(這個是常數5000),判斷通過,考慮效率問題實現RandomAccess接口的List集合採用一般的for循環遍歷,而未實現這接口則採用迭代器。就會執行Collections.indexedBinarySearch(list, key, c);

  private static <T> int indexedBinarySearch(List<? extends T> l, T key, Comparator<? super T> c) {
        int low = 0;
        int high = l.size()-1;

        while (low <= high) {
            int mid = (low + high) >>> 1;
            T midVal = l.get(mid);
            int cmp = c.compare(midVal, key);

            if (cmp < 0)
                low = mid + 1;
            else if (cmp > 0)
                high = mid - 1;
            else
                return mid; // key found
        }
        return -(low + 1);  // key not found
    }

這個裏邊的>>>是一個無符號的右移操作,有符號操作符>>也是右移操作,這裏計算平均值使用>>>取代>>,恐怕是因爲可能出現很大的數字,這些數字單獨用不會超過Integer.MAX_VALUE,但求和之後可能超過,這時如果使用>>或者/來計算,會因爲溢出而算出負數結果。

若是list是否實現RandomAccess接口,就會執行Collections.iteratorBinarySearch(list, key, c),通過使用迭代器來提高性能;

      private static <T> int iteratorBinarySearch(List<? extends T> l, T key, Comparator<? super T> c) {
        int low = 0;
        int high = l.size()-1;
        ListIterator<? extends T> i = l.listIterator();

        while (low <= high) {
            int mid = (low + high) >>> 1;
            T midVal = get(i, mid);
            int cmp = c.compare(midVal, key);

            if (cmp < 0)
                low = mid + 1;
            else if (cmp > 0)
                high = mid - 1;
            else
                return mid; // key found
        }
        return -(low + 1);  // key not found
    }

    /**
     * Gets the ith element from the given list by repositioning the specified
     * list listIterator.
     */
    private static <T> T get(ListIterator<? extends T> i, int index) {
        T obj = null;
        int pos = i.nextIndex();
        if (pos <= index) {
            do {
                obj = i.next();
            } while (pos++ < index);
        } else {
            do {
                obj = i.previous();
            } while (--pos > index);
        }
        return obj;
    }

借鑑:

對RandomAccess接口的解釋https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_39148512/article/details/79234817

>>>和>>操作符的區別https://www.cnblogs.com/zt007/p/7169735.html?utm_source=itdadao&utm_medium=referral

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