一、catalog與nocatalog
catalog
如果使用catalog，則需要創建表空間和對應用戶。要注意的是，在使用catalog期間，數據庫不能關閉。
創建catalog表空間
create tablespace tbs_catalog datafile '/path/to/datafile/tbs_rman01.dbf' size 50m;
創建rman用戶
create user rman identified by pwd default tablespace tbs_catalog;
grant connect,resource,recovery_catalog_owner to rman;
創建rman catalog並註冊DB
C:\Windows\system32>rman catalog rman/pwd
Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on 星期日 1月 18 17:11:59 2015
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to recovery catalog database
RMAN>create catalog tablespace tbs_catalog;
RMAN>register database;RMAN> connect target /;
配置把控制文件自動備份打開
RMAN> show all;
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
RMAN configuration parameters for database with db_unique_name PRIMARY are:
CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO REDUNDANCY 1; # default
CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION OFF; # default
CONFIGURE DEFAULT DEVICE TYPE TO DISK; # default
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP OFF; # default
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO '%F'; # default
CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK PARALLELISM 1 BACKUP TYPE TO BACKUPSET; # default
CONFIGURE DATAFILE BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default
CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default
CONFIGURE MAXSETSIZE TO UNLIMITED; # default
CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION FOR DATABASE OFF; # default
CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION ALGORITHM 'AES128'; # default
CONFIGURE COMPRESSION ALGORITHM 'BASIC' AS OF RELEASE 'DEFAULT' OPTIMIZE FOR LOAD TRUE ; # default
CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG DELETION POLICY TO NONE; # default
CONFIGURE SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE NAME TO 'E:\APP\ORACLE\PRODUCT\11.2.0\DBHOME_1\DATABASE\SNCFORCLDB.ORA'; # default
RMAN> CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;
new RMAN configuration parameters:
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;
new RMAN configuration parameters are successfully stored
nocatalog
在nocatalog模式下使用rman備份數據庫的話，需要往控制文件寫入備份信息，時間越往後備份信息就會越來越多，控制文件就會變得越來越大。因爲在恢復過程中需要讀取控制文件的備份信息，所以在執行備份數據庫的時候，一定要同時把控制文件一同備份。
在默認情況下，rman是採用nocatalog模式的。
C:\Windows\system32>rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on 星期日 1月 18 16:57:37 2015
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: ORCLDB (DBID=2302947400)
RMAN>
配置把控制文件自動備份打開
RMAN> show all;
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
RMAN configuration parameters for database with db_unique_name PRIMARY are:
CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO REDUNDANCY 1; # default
CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION OFF; # default
CONFIGURE DEFAULT DEVICE TYPE TO DISK; # default
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP OFF; # default
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO '%F'; # default
CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK PARALLELISM 1 BACKUP TYPE TO BACKUPSET; # default
CONFIGURE DATAFILE BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default
CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default
CONFIGURE MAXSETSIZE TO UNLIMITED; # default
CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION FOR DATABASE OFF; # default
CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION ALGORITHM 'AES128'; # default
CONFIGURE COMPRESSION ALGORITHM 'BASIC' AS OF RELEASE 'DEFAULT' OPTIMIZE FOR LOAD TRUE ; # default
CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG DELETION POLICY TO NONE; # default
CONFIGURE SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE NAME TO 'E:\APP\ORACLE\PRODUCT\11.2.0\DBHOME_1\DATABASE\SNCFORCLDB.ORA'; # default
RMAN> CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;
new RMAN configuration parameters:
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;
new RMAN configuration parameters are successfully stored