最近在做數據庫的備份工作,遇到mysqldump問題,如下描述:
# mysqldump --default-character-set=latin1 wss_db_3 > wss_db_3.sql.`date +%Y%m%d%H%M%S`
# mysqldump --default-character-set=latin1 wss_db_3 < wss_db_2.sql.20120821123035
-- MySQL dump 10.13 Distrib 5.5.13, for Linux (x86_64)
--
-- Host: localhost Database: wss_db_3
-- ------------------------------------------------------
-- Server version 5.5.13-log
/*!40101 SET @OLD_CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT=@@CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT */;
/*!40101 SET @OLD_CHARACTER_SET_RESULTS=@@CHARACTER_SET_RESULTS */;
/*!40101 SET @OLD_COLLATION_CONNECTION=@@COLLATION_CONNECTION */;
/*!40101 SET NAMES latin1 */;
/*!40103 SET @OLD_TIME_ZONE=@@TIME_ZONE */;
/*!40103 SET TIME_ZONE='+00:00' */;
/*!40014 SET @OLD_UNIQUE_CHECKS=@@UNIQUE_CHECKS, UNIQUE_CHECKS=0 */;
/*!40014 SET @OLD_FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=@@FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS, FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0 */;
/*!40101 SET @OLD_SQL_MODE=@@SQL_MODE, SQL_MODE='NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO' */;
/*!40111 SET @OLD_SQL_NOTES=@@SQL_NOTES, SQL_NOTES=0 */;
/*!40103 SET TIME_ZONE=@OLD_TIME_ZONE */;
/*!40101 SET SQL_MODE=@OLD_SQL_MODE */;
/*!40014 SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=@OLD_FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS */;
/*!40014 SET UNIQUE_CHECKS=@OLD_UNIQUE_CHECKS */;
/*!40101 SET CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT=@OLD_CHARACTER_SET_CLIENT */;
/*!40101 SET CHARACTER_SET_RESULTS=@OLD_CHARACTER_SET_RESULTS */;
/*!40101 SET COLLATION_CONNECTION=@OLD_COLLATION_CONNECTION */;
/*!40111 SET SQL_NOTES=@OLD_SQL_NOTES */;
-- Dump completed on 2012-08-21 12:32:07
Dump出來可以,但是Dump進去的進修提示完成,數據庫中卻無半點數據,表結構也無。去除默認字符集也不行。
將命令換爲
# mysql wss_db_3 < wss_db_2.sql.20120821112914
可導入原始表,但是提示如下錯誤,且很多view都未導入:
ERROR 1267 (HY000) at line 1856: Illegal mix of collations (utf8_general_ci,COERCIBLE) and (latin1_swedish_ci,IMPLICIT) for operation '='
應數據庫編碼格式與mysql編碼格式不一致造成的。
mysql> show create database wss_db_3;
+----------+---------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Database | Create Database |
+----------+---------------------------------------------------------------------+
| wss_db_3 | CREATE DATABASE `wss_db_3` /*!40100 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET latin1 */ |
+----------+---------------------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
而.sql文件裏面有很多ENGINE=MYISAM(view),於是默認建表爲latin1。
將ENGINE=MYISAM改爲ENGINE=MYISAM DEFAULT CHARACTER=utf8
#mysql wss_test_3 < wss_test_2.sql.20120821112914
便可以。
另,在導出數據庫時,設置字符集,在創建數據庫時也設置默認字符集:
#mysqldump --default-character-set=utf8 wss_test_2 > wss_test_2.sql.test.utf8.`date +%Y%m%d%H%M%S`
mysql>CREATE DATABASE `wss_db_3` DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci;
則在導入的時候不會出錯。