Android G.711音頻編解碼

需求背景:

博主目前所在的公司是一家做視頻通訊的公司,所以對音頻,視頻這一塊對編碼方式都有一定的要求,由於之前一直沒有接觸JNI這一塊,突然讓我去做音頻的轉碼還是有一定的苦難的。一開始對於JNI編程我是拒絕的,一直遵循着能用java源碼,就絕不用Jni那一塊。但是,顯示總是殘酷的,網上的資料,Demo很少,或者都是年代久遠,還不能運行的。所以我抱着試一試的心態去接觸JNI,也還蠻有收穫的,好了廢話了這麼多,也該進入主題了。

Demo主要功能:

AndroidStudio項目,在安卓平臺下,調用G.711 C++編解碼方法進行音頻源的編碼和解碼。Demo在文章末尾。

G.711 C++源碼

http://download.csdn.net/download/orient1860/7691041 待會我demo裏面也有

Android 源碼

package com.chezi008.hellojni.encode;

import android.annotation.SuppressLint;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.graphics.PixelFormat;
import android.media.AudioFormat;
import android.media.AudioRecord;
import android.media.MediaRecorder;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.view.Window;
import android.view.WindowManager;
import android.widget.Button;

import com.chezi008.hellojni.R;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;

/**
 * 描述:G.711 編碼與解碼
 * 作者:chezi008 on 2017/3/10 16:33
 * 郵箱:[email protected]
 */
@SuppressLint("SdCardPath")
public class G711DecoderActivity extends Activity {
    // 音頻獲取源
    private int audioSource = MediaRecorder.AudioSource.MIC;
    // 設置音頻採樣率,44100是目前的標準,但是某些設備仍然支持22050,16000,11025
    private static int sampleRateInHz = 8000;
    // 設置音頻的錄製的聲道CHANNEL_I N_STEREO爲雙聲道,CHANNEL_CONFIGURATION_MONO爲單聲道
    private static int channelConfig = AudioFormat.CHANNEL_IN_STEREO;
    // 音頻數據格式:PCM 16位每個樣本。保證設備支持。PCM 8位每個樣本。不一定能得到設備支持。
    private static int audioFormat = AudioFormat.ENCODING_PCM_16BIT;
    // 緩衝區字節大小
    private int bufferSizeInBytes = 0;
    private Button Start;
    private Button Stop;
    private Button convert;
    private AudioRecord audioRecord;
    private boolean isRecord = false;// 設置正在錄製的狀態
    //AudioName裸音頻數據文件,編碼後的文件
    private static final String AudioName = "/sdcard/end.g711";
    //解碼後的文件
    private static final String AudioDecodeName = "/sdcard/endDecode.g711";
    //NewAudioName可播放的音頻文件
    private static final String NewAudioName = "/sdcard/new.wav";

    private G711Decoder codec;

    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        getWindow().setFormat(PixelFormat.TRANSLUCENT);// 讓界面橫屏
        requestWindowFeature(Window.FEATURE_NO_TITLE);// 去掉界面標題
        getWindow().setFlags(WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_FULLSCREEN,
                WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_FULLSCREEN);
        // 重新設置界面大小
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_g711);
        init();
    }

    private void init() {
        Start = (Button) this.findViewById(R.id.start);
        Stop = (Button) this.findViewById(R.id.stop);
        convert = (Button) findViewById(R.id.convert);
        Start.setOnClickListener(new TestAudioListener());
        Stop.setOnClickListener(new TestAudioListener());
        convert.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
//                new PlayTask().execute();
                new Thread(new AudioConvert()).start();
            }
        });
        codec = new G711Decoder();
        creatAudioRecord();
    }

    private void creatAudioRecord() {
        // 獲得緩衝區字節大小
        bufferSizeInBytes = AudioRecord.getMinBufferSize(sampleRateInHz,
                channelConfig, audioFormat);
        // 創建AudioRecord對象
        audioRecord = new AudioRecord(audioSource, sampleRateInHz,
                channelConfig, audioFormat, bufferSizeInBytes);
    }

    class TestAudioListener implements OnClickListener {

        @Override
        public void onClick(View v) {
            if (v == Start) {
                startRecord();
            }
            if (v == Stop) {
                stopRecord();
            }

        }

    }

    private void startRecord() {
        audioRecord.startRecording();
        // 讓錄製狀態爲true
        isRecord = true;
        // 開啓音頻文件寫入線程
        new Thread(new AudioRecordThread()).start();
    }

    private void stopRecord() {
        close();
    }

    private void close() {
        if (audioRecord != null) {
            System.out.println("stopRecord");
            isRecord = false;//停止文件寫入
            audioRecord.stop();
            audioRecord.release();//釋放資源
            audioRecord = null;
        }
    }

    class AudioRecordThread implements Runnable {
        @Override
        public void run() {
            writeDateTOFile();//往文件中寫入裸數據
//            copyWaveFile(AudioName, NewAudioName);//給裸數據加上頭文件
        }
    }

    class AudioConvert implements Runnable {

        @Override
        public void run() {
            decodeAudio(AudioName, AudioDecodeName);
            copyWaveFile(AudioDecodeName, NewAudioName);//給裸數據加上頭文件
        }
    }

    /**
     * 解碼音頻文件
     * @param inFilename
     * @param outFilename
     */
    private void decodeAudio(String inFilename, String outFilename) {
        FileInputStream in = null;
        FileOutputStream out = null;
        byte[] data = new byte[1024];
        byte[] outData = new byte[2048];//這裏特別注意outData是data的兩倍,之前不知道,一直卡在這裏,是的解碼進行不下去
        try {
            in = new FileInputStream(inFilename);
            out = new FileOutputStream(outFilename);
            int length = 0;
            while ((length = in.read(data)) != -1) {
                codec.VoiceDecode(data, outData, length);
                out.write(outData);
            }
            in.close();
            out.close();
        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }

    /**
     * 這裏將數據寫入文件,但是並不能播放,因爲AudioRecord獲得的音頻是原始的裸音頻,
     * 如果需要播放就必須加入一些格式或者編碼的頭信息。但是這樣的好處就是你可以對音頻的 裸數據進行處理,比如你要做一個愛說話的TOM
     * 貓在這裏就進行音頻的處理,然後重新封裝 所以說這樣得到的音頻比較容易做一些音頻的處理。
     */
    private void writeDateTOFile() {
        // new一個byte數組用來存一些字節數據,大小爲緩衝區大小
        byte[] audiodata = new byte[bufferSizeInBytes];

        FileOutputStream fos = null;
        int readsize = 0;
        try {
            File file = new File(AudioName);
            if (file.exists()) {
                file.delete();
            }
            fos = new FileOutputStream(file);// 建立一個可存取字節的文件
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        while (isRecord == true) {
            readsize = audioRecord.read(audiodata, 0, bufferSizeInBytes);
            byte[] alawData = new byte[readsize];

            if (AudioRecord.ERROR_INVALID_OPERATION != readsize) {
                try {
                    int len = codec.VoiceEncode(audiodata, alawData, readsize); //調用C代碼進行編碼
                    fos.write(alawData, 0, len); //保存到本地
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }
        try {
            fos.close();// 關閉寫入流
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    /**
     * 解碼後增加音頻文件的頭部,是的文件可播放
     * @param inFilename
     * @param outFilename
     */
    private void copyWaveFile(String inFilename, String outFilename) {
        FileInputStream in = null;
        FileOutputStream out = null;
        long totalAudioLen = 0;
        long totalDataLen = totalAudioLen + 36;
        long longSampleRate = sampleRateInHz;
        int channels = 2;
        long byteRate = 16 * sampleRateInHz * channels / 8;
        byte[] data = new byte[bufferSizeInBytes];
        try {
            in = new FileInputStream(inFilename);
            out = new FileOutputStream(outFilename);
            totalAudioLen = in.getChannel().size();
            totalDataLen = totalAudioLen + 36;
            WriteWaveFileHeader(out, totalAudioLen, totalDataLen,
                    longSampleRate, channels, byteRate);
            while (in.read(data) != -1) {
                out.write(data);
            }
            in.close();
            out.close();
        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    /**
     * 這裏提供一個頭信息。插入這些信息就可以得到可以播放的文件。
     * 爲我爲啥插入這44個字節,這個還真沒深入研究,不過你隨便打開一個wav
     * 音頻的文件,可以發現前面的頭文件可以說基本一樣哦。每種格式的文件都有
     * 自己特有的頭文件。
     */
    private void WriteWaveFileHeader(FileOutputStream out, long totalAudioLen,
                                     long totalDataLen, long longSampleRate, int channels, long byteRate)
            throws IOException {
        byte[] header = new byte[44];
        header[0] = 'R'; // RIFF/WAVE header
        header[1] = 'I';
        header[2] = 'F';
        header[3] = 'F';
        header[4] = (byte) (totalDataLen & 0xff);
        header[5] = (byte) ((totalDataLen >> 8) & 0xff);
        header[6] = (byte) ((totalDataLen >> 16) & 0xff);
        header[7] = (byte) ((totalDataLen >> 24) & 0xff);
        header[8] = 'W';
        header[9] = 'A';
        header[10] = 'V';
        header[11] = 'E';
        header[12] = 'f'; // 'fmt ' chunk
        header[13] = 'm';
        header[14] = 't';
        header[15] = ' ';
        header[16] = 16; // 4 bytes: size of 'fmt ' chunk
        header[17] = 0;
        header[18] = 0;
        header[19] = 0;
        header[20] = 1; // format = 1
        header[21] = 0;
        header[22] = (byte) channels;
        header[23] = 0;
        header[24] = (byte) (longSampleRate & 0xff);
        header[25] = (byte) ((longSampleRate >> 8) & 0xff);
        header[26] = (byte) ((longSampleRate >> 16) & 0xff);
        header[27] = (byte) ((longSampleRate >> 24) & 0xff);
        header[28] = (byte) (byteRate & 0xff);
        header[29] = (byte) ((byteRate >> 8) & 0xff);
        header[30] = (byte) ((byteRate >> 16) & 0xff);
        header[31] = (byte) ((byteRate >> 24) & 0xff);
        header[32] = (byte) (2 * 16 / 8); // block align
        header[33] = 0;
        header[34] = 16; // bits per sample
        header[35] = 0;
        header[36] = 'd';
        header[37] = 'a';
        header[38] = 't';
        header[39] = 'a';
        header[40] = (byte) (totalAudioLen & 0xff);
        header[41] = (byte) ((totalAudioLen >> 8) & 0xff);
        header[42] = (byte) ((totalAudioLen >> 16) & 0xff);
        header[43] = (byte) ((totalAudioLen >> 24) & 0xff);
        out.write(header, 0, 44);
    }

    @Override
    protected void onDestroy() {
        close();
        super.onDestroy();
    }
}


G711Decoder類我就不貼了,可以去Demo裏面找。

Demo地址

http://download.csdn.net/detail/chezi008/9777122

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