整合Struts2+JasperReport Web報表應用示例
JasperReports作爲一種優秀且開源的報表引擎,不利用太可惜了。同時,藉助開源的JasperReports模板設計利器iReports,可以可視化的設計報表模板。基於Web的報表在很多項目中都是需要的。而隨着Struts2的流行,就應該研究一下在Struts2下如何利用JasperReports進行報表輸出。本示例比較簡單,採用的數據源即爲JavaBean,而沒有采用複雜的數據庫,其實原理是一樣的。只是傳遞給JasperReports的參數隨着連接方式的變化而略加修改而已。
一 準備工作
所使用的類庫及Jar包如下圖所示:
圖1.使用的Jar包
開發環境:MyEclipse5.5+Eclipse3.2+JDK5.0+Tomcat5.5+Struts 2.0.6。當然,本該所提供的源代碼下載中沒有提供相關的lib,因爲文件大太,如果需要,請留下email。
源代碼下載:Struts2AndJasperReport.rar
二 設計報表模板
本例中採用JavaBean作爲數據源,用於顯示People對象的一些基本屬性,如所在序號、城市、姓名、地址,並對同一城市的人員進行彙總小結顯示。
至於如何在iReports中設計模板文件,請在網上參考其它文檔。這裏不再詳細解讀,或有時間俺再另寫文章來具體講解如何在iReports中設計報表模板。WebRoot/jasper/jasper_template.jrxml代碼如下:
<!-- Created with iReport - A designer for JasperReports -->
<!DOCTYPE jasperReport PUBLIC "//JasperReports//DTD Report Design//EN" "http://jasperreports.sourceforge.net/dtds/jasperreport.dtd">
<jasperReport
name="jasper_template"
columnCount="1"
printOrder="Vertical"
orientation="Portrait"
pageWidth="595"
pageHeight="842"
columnWidth="535"
columnSpacing="0"
leftMargin="30"
rightMargin="30"
topMargin="20"
bottomMargin="20"
whenNoDataType="NoPages"
isTitleNewPage="false"
isSummaryNewPage="false">
<property name="ireport.scriptlethandling" value="0" />
<property name="ireport.encoding" value="UTF-8" />
<import value="java.util.*" />
<import value="net.sf.jasperreports.engine.*" />
<import value="net.sf.jasperreports.engine.data.*" />
<parameter name="rptMan" isForPrompting="false" class="java.lang.String">
<defaultValueExpression ><![CDATA["sterning"]]></defaultValueExpression>
</parameter>
<parameter name="rptDate" isForPrompting="false" class="java.lang.String">
<defaultValueExpression ><![CDATA["2008-01-12"]]></defaultValueExpression>
</parameter>
<field name="city" class="java.lang.String">
<fieldDescription><![CDATA[city]]></fieldDescription>
</field>
<field name="street" class="java.lang.String">
<fieldDescription><![CDATA[street]]></fieldDescription>
</field>
<field name="id" class="java.lang.Integer">
<fieldDescription><![CDATA[id]]></fieldDescription>
</field>
<field name="name" class="java.lang.String">
<fieldDescription><![CDATA[name]]></fieldDescription>
</field>
<variable name="CityNumber" class="java.lang.Integer" resetType="Group" resetGroup="CityGroup" calculation="Sum">
<initialValueExpression><![CDATA[($V{CityNumber} != null)?(new Integer($V{CityNumber}.intValue() + 1)):(new Integer(1))]]></initialValueExpression>
</variable>
<variable name="AllCity" class="java.lang.Integer" resetType="Report" calculation="Sum">
<initialValueExpression><![CDATA[($V{AllCity} != null)?(new Integer($V{AllCity}.intValue() + 1)):(new Integer(1))]]></initialValueExpression>
</variable>
<group name="CityGroup" >
<groupExpression><![CDATA[$F{city}]]></groupExpression>
<groupHeader>
<band height="0" isSplitAllowed="true" >
</band>
</groupHeader>
<groupFooter>
<band height="37" isSplitAllowed="true" >
<staticText>
<reportElement
x="98"
y="5"
width="51"
height="25"
key="staticText-8"/>
<box topBorder="None" topBorderColor="#000000" leftBorder="None" leftBorderColor="#000000" rightBorder="None" rightBorderColor="#000000" bottomBorder="None" bottomBorderColor="#000000"/>
<textElement>
<font fontName="瀹嬩綋" pdfFontName="STSong-Light" size="14" isPdfEmbedded ="true" pdfEncoding ="UniGB-UCS2-H"/>
</textElement>
<text><![CDATA[灝忚錛歖]></text>
</staticText>
<textField isStretchWithOverflow="false" isBlankWhenNull="false" evaluationTime="Now" hyperlinkType="None" hyperlinkTarget="Self" >
<reportElement
x="149"
y="5"
width="34"
height="25"
key="textField-7"/>
<box topBorder="None" topBorderColor="#000000" leftBorder="None" leftBorderColor="#000000" rightBorder="None" rightBorderColor="#000000" bottomBorder="None" bottomBorderColor="#000000"/>
<textElement>
<font fontName="瀹嬩綋" pdfFontName="STSong-Light" size="14" isPdfEmbedded ="true" pdfEncoding ="UniGB-UCS2-H"/>
</textElement>
<textFieldExpression class="java.lang.Integer"><![CDATA[$V{CityGroup_COUNT}]]></textFieldExpression>
</textField>
<line direction="TopDown">
<reportElement
x="-30"
y="36"
width="593"
height="0"
key="line-5"/>
<graphicElement stretchType="NoStretch"/>
</line>
</band>
</groupFooter>
</group>
<background>
<band height="0" isSplitAllowed="true" >
</band>
</background>
<title>
<band height="62" isSplitAllowed="true" >
<staticText>
<reportElement
x="20"
y="0"
width="484"
height="57"
forecolor="#FF0033"
key="staticText-1"/>
<box topBorder="None" topBorderColor="#000000" leftBorder="None" leftBorderColor="#000000" rightBorder="None" rightBorderColor="#000000" bottomBorder="None" bottomBorderColor="#000000"/>
<textElement textAlignment="Center">
<font fontName="瀹嬩綋" pdfFontName="STSong-Light" size="36" isPdfEmbedded ="true" pdfEncoding ="UniGB-UCS2-H"/>
</textElement>
<text><![CDATA[Struts2+JasperReports紺轟緥]]></text>
</staticText>
<line direction="TopDown">
<reportElement
x="-30"
y="61"
width="594"
height="0"
key="line-4"/>
<graphicElement stretchType="NoStretch"/>
</line>
</band>
</title>
<pageHeader>
<band height="13" isSplitAllowed="true" >
<line direction="TopDown">
<reportElement
x="-29"
y="12"
width="592"
height="0"
key="line-3"/>
<graphicElement stretchType="NoStretch"/>
</line>
</band>
</pageHeader>
<columnHeader>
<band height="45" isSplitAllowed="true" >
<staticText>
<reportElement
x="13"
y="5"
width="62"
height="33"
key="staticText-2"/>
<box topBorder="None" topBorderColor="#000000" leftBorder="None" leftBorderColor="#000000" rightBorder="None" rightBorderColor="#000000" bottomBorder="None" bottomBorderColor="#000000"/>
<textElement>
<font fontName="瀹嬩綋" pdfFontName="STSong-Light" size="24" isPdfEmbedded ="true" pdfEncoding ="UniGB-UCS2-H"/>
</textElement>
<text><![CDATA[搴忓彿]]></text>
</staticText>
<staticText>
<reportElement
x="98"
y="5"
width="62"
height="33"
key="staticText-3"/>
<box topBorder="None" topBorderColor="#000000" leftBorder="None" leftBorderColor="#000000" rightBorder="None" rightBorderColor="#000000" bottomBorder="None" bottomBorderColor="#000000"/>
<textElement>
<font fontName="瀹嬩綋" pdfFontName="STSong-Light" size="24" isPdfEmbedded ="true" pdfEncoding ="UniGB-UCS2-H"/>
</textElement>
<text><![CDATA[鍩庡競]]></text>
</staticText>
<staticText>
<reportElement
x="212"
y="5"
width="62"
height="33"
key="staticText-4"/>
<box topBorder="None" topBorderColor="#000000" leftBorder="None" leftBorderColor="#000000" rightBorder="None" rightBorderColor="#000000" bottomBorder="None" bottomBorderColor="#000000"/>
<textElement>
<font fontName="瀹嬩綋" pdfFontName="STSong-Light" size="24" isPdfEmbedded ="true" pdfEncoding ="UniGB-UCS2-H"/>
</textElement>
<text><![CDATA[濮撳悕]]></text>
</staticText>
<staticText>
<reportElement
x="331"
y="5"
width="62"
height="33"
key="staticText-5"/>
<box topBorder="None" topBorderColor="#000000" leftBorder="None" leftBorderColor="#000000" rightBorder="None" rightBorderColor="#000000" bottomBorder="None" bottomBorderColor="#000000"/>
<textElement>
<font fontName="瀹嬩綋" pdfFontName="STSong-Light" size="24" isPdfEmbedded ="true" pdfEncoding ="UniGB-UCS2-H"/>
</textElement>
<text><![CDATA[浣忓潃]]></text>
</staticText>
<line direction="TopDown">
<reportElement
x="-30"
y="43"
width="596"
height="0"
key="line-2"/>
<graphicElement stretchType="NoStretch"/>
</line>
</band>
</columnHeader>
<detail>
<band height="43" isSplitAllowed="true" >
<textField isStretchWithOverflow="false" isBlankWhenNull="false" evaluationTime="Now" hyperlinkType="None" hyperlinkTarget="Self" >
<reportElement
x="13"
y="7"
width="62"
height="30"
key="textField-1"/>
<box topBorder="None" topBorderColor="#000000" leftBorder="None" leftBorderColor="#000000" rightBorder="None" rightBorderColor="#000000" bottomBorder="None" bottomBorderColor="#000000"/>
<textElement>
<font fontName="瀹嬩綋" pdfFontName="STSong-Light" size="14" isPdfEmbedded ="true" pdfEncoding ="UniGB-UCS2-H"/>
</textElement>
<textFieldExpression class="java.lang.Integer"><![CDATA[$F{id}]]></textFieldExpression>
</textField>
<textField isStretchWithOverflow="false" isBlankWhenNull="false" evaluationTime="Now" hyperlinkType="None" hyperlinkTarget="Self" >
<reportElement
x="98"
y="7"
width="105"
height="29"
key="textField-2"/>
<box topBorder="None" topBorderColor="#000000" leftBorder="None" leftBorderColor="#000000" rightBorder="None" rightBorderColor="#000000" bottomBorder="None" bottomBorderColor="#000000"/>
<textElement>
<font fontName="瀹嬩綋" pdfFontName="STSong-Light" size="14" isPdfEmbedded ="true" pdfEncoding ="UniGB-UCS2-H"/>
</textElement>
<textFieldExpression class="java.lang.String"><![CDATA[$F{city}]]></textFieldExpression>
</textField>
<textField isStretchWithOverflow="false" isBlankWhenNull="false" evaluationTime="Now" hyperlinkType="None" hyperlinkTarget="Self" >
<reportElement
x="212"
y="8"
width="100"
height="28"
key="textField-3"/>
<box topBorder="None" topBorderColor="#000000" leftBorder="None" leftBorderColor="#000000" rightBorder="None" rightBorderColor="#000000" bottomBorder="None" bottomBorderColor="#000000"/>
<textElement>
<font fontName="瀹嬩綋" pdfFontName="STSong-Light" size="14" isPdfEmbedded ="true" pdfEncoding ="UniGB-UCS2-H"/>
</textElement>
<textFieldExpression class="java.lang.String"><![CDATA[$F{name}]]></textFieldExpression>
</textField>
<textField isStretchWithOverflow="false" isBlankWhenNull="false" evaluationTime="Now" hyperlinkType="None" hyperlinkTarget="Self" >
<reportElement
x="331"
y="7"
width="111"
height="30"
key="textField-4"/>
<box topBorder="None" topBorderColor="#000000" leftBorder="None" leftBorderColor="#000000" rightBorder="None" rightBorderColor="#000000" bottomBorder="None" bottomBorderColor="#000000"/>
<textElement>
<font fontName="瀹嬩綋" pdfFontName="STSong-Light" size="14" isPdfEmbedded ="true" pdfEncoding ="UniGB-UCS2-H"/>
</textElement>
<textFieldExpression class="java.lang.String"><![CDATA[$F{street}]]></textFieldExpression>
</textField>
<line direction="TopDown">
<reportElement
x="-30"
y="37"
width="593"
height="0"
key="line-1"/>
<graphicElement stretchType="NoStretch"/>
</line>
</band>
</detail>
<columnFooter>
<band height="37" isSplitAllowed="true" >
</band>
</columnFooter>
<pageFooter>
<band height="50" isSplitAllowed="true" >
<textField isStretchWithOverflow="false" isBlankWhenNull="false" evaluationTime="Now" hyperlinkType="None" hyperlinkTarget="Self" >
<reportElement
x="98"
y="18"
width="138"
height="23"
key="textField-8"/>
<box topBorder="None" topBorderColor="#000000" leftBorder="None" leftBorderColor="#000000" rightBorder="None" rightBorderColor="#000000" bottomBorder="None" bottomBorderColor="#000000"/>
<textElement textAlignment="Right">
<font fontName="瀹嬩綋" pdfFontName="STSong-Light" size="12" isPdfEmbedded ="true" pdfEncoding ="UniGB-UCS2-H"/>
</textElement>
<textFieldExpression class="java.lang.String"><![CDATA["欏墊暟 " + String.valueOf($V{PAGE_NUMBER}) + " of"]]></textFieldExpression>
</textField>
<textField isStretchWithOverflow="false" isBlankWhenNull="false" evaluationTime="Report" hyperlinkType="None" hyperlinkTarget="Self" >
<reportElement
x="239"
y="18"
width="83"
height="23"
key="textField-9"/>
<box topBorder="None" topBorderColor="#000000" leftBorder="None" leftBorderColor="#000000" rightBorder="None" rightBorderColor="#000000" bottomBorder="None" bottomBorderColor="#000000"/>
<textElement>
<font fontName="瀹嬩綋" pdfFontName="STSong-Light" size="12" isPdfEmbedded ="true" pdfEncoding ="UniGB-UCS2-H"/>
</textElement>
<textFieldExpression class="java.lang.String"><![CDATA[" " + String.valueOf($V{PAGE_NUMBER})]]></textFieldExpression>
</textField>
</band>
</pageFooter>
<lastPageFooter>
<band height="50" isSplitAllowed="true" >
</band>
</lastPageFooter>
<summary>
<band height="0" isSplitAllowed="true" >
</band>
</summary>
</jasperReport>
這裏需要說明的是,由於俺們中國的中文比較特殊,由此在PDF中顯示的時候,需要一些額外的Jar包字體來支持。因此需要下載iTextAsian.jar包,此包專門用於顯示亞洲的字符。
三 設計JavaBean
由本例中沒有使用數據庫,而是使用JavaBean作爲JRDataSource,來傳遞給JasperReports作爲數據源,因此只需要設計JavaBean。/src/com/sterning/PeopleBean.java的代碼很簡單,只在字個字段:city、id、name、street,代碼如下所示:
public class PeopleBean
{
private String city = null;
private Integer id = null;
private String name = null;
private String street = null;
public PeopleBean(
String pcity,
Integer pid,
String pname,
String pstreet
)
{
city = pcity;
id = pid;
name = pname;
street = pstreet;
}
public PeopleBean getMe()
{
return this;
}
public String getCity()
{
return city;
}
public Integer getId()
{
return id;
}
public String getName()
{
return name;
}
public String getStreet()
{
return street;
}
}
四 編譯模板
其實表面上說是填充數據,其實就是填充一個List。具體的工具都是交給我們的JasperReports去完成。JasperReports要完成數據的填充工作,要經歷將編譯(將模板文件.jrxml編譯成.jasper文件)、加載(加載.jasper文件)、填充(從數據源中取得數據並填充到.jasper二進制文件中)三大步驟。src/com/sterning/JasperAction.java,其代碼如下所示:
import java.io.File;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import net.sf.jasperreports.engine.JasperCompileManager;
import org.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
public class JasperAction extends ActionSupport {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
private List<PeopleBean> myList;
public String execute() throws Exception {
//添加數據
PeopleBean p1=new PeopleBean("長沙", new Integer(9), "李化", "天灑路");
PeopleBean p2=new PeopleBean("長沙", new Integer(22), "王小樣", "呆小路564");
PeopleBean p3=new PeopleBean("南昌", new Integer(23), "王奸可", "小順路");
PeopleBean p4=new PeopleBean("南昌", new Integer(32), "李灑", "順濉路");
PeopleBean p5=new PeopleBean("武漢", new Integer(39), "張中尖", "天灑路");
PeopleBean p6=new PeopleBean("武漢", new Integer(35), "陳主寧", "天河路564");
myList = new ArrayList<PeopleBean>();
myList.add(p1);
myList.add(p2);
myList.add(p3);
myList.add(p4);
myList.add(p5);
myList.add(p6);
try {
String reportSource;
reportSource = ServletActionContext.getServletContext()
.getRealPath("/jasper/jasper_template.jrxml");
File parent = new File(reportSource).getParentFile();
//將.jrxml模板文件編譯成爲.jasper文件,當然,其文件名可以指定,如果沒指定,則與.jrxml文件名一樣.只是後綴不同而已
JasperCompileManager.compileReportToFile(reportSource, new File(
parent, "compiled_jasper_template.jasper")
.getAbsolutePath());
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return ERROR;
}
return SUCCESS;
}
public List getMyList() {
return myList;
}
}
五 配置Struts2文件
前面這些工作都是爲JasperReports而作的。接下來就是將JasperReports集成到Struts2中。
1. Web.xml
首先是Web.xml。這個文件配置比較簡單,也比較常規,沒什麼好說,代碼如下WebRoot/WEB-INF/web.xml:
<web-app version="2.4" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd">
<filter>
<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
<filter-class>
org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.FilterDispatcher
</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>config</param-name>
<param-value>
struts-default.xml,struts-plugin.xml,struts.xml
</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<!-- The Welcome File List -->
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
</web-app>
2. struts.xml
按理說struts.xml配置文件應該更加簡單,但這裏由於集成了JasperReports,所以看上去要複雜一點。先來看代碼:src/ struts.xml:
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd">
<struts>
<package name="default"
extends="struts-default,jasperreports-default">
<action name="PDF" class="com.sterning.JasperAction">
<result name="success" type="jasper">
<param name="location">
/jasper/compiled_jasper_template.jasper
</param>
<param name="dataSource">myList</param>
<param name="format">PDF</param>
</result>
</action>
<action name="HTML" class="com.sterning.JasperAction">
<result name="success" type="jasper">
<param name="location">
/jasper/compiled_jasper_template.jasper
</param>
<param name="dataSource">myList</param>
<param name="format">HTML</param>
</result>
</action>
<action name="XML" class="com.sterning.JasperAction">
<result name="success" type="jasper">
<param name="location">
/jasper/compiled_jasper_template.jasper
</param>
<param name="dataSource">myList</param>
<param name="format">XML</param>
</result>
</action>
<action name="CSV" class="com.sterning.JasperAction">
<result name="success" type="jasper">
<param name="location">
/jasper/compiled_jasper_template.jasper
</param>
<param name="dataSource">myList</param>
<param name="format">CSV</param>
</result>
</action>
<action name="XLS" class="com.sterning.JasperAction">
<result name="success" type="jasper">
<param name="location">
/jasper/compiled_jasper_template.jasper
</param>
<param name="dataSource">myList</param>
<param name="format">XLS</param>
</result>
</action>
</package>
</struts>
這裏,當調用JasperAction的execute()方法成功後,返回後,可見有三個參數:location告訴JasperReports數據填充類二進制的.jasper文件的位置,dataSource指明使用什麼數據源,format指明報表輸出的格式。
六 頁面文件
Index.jsp的代碼非常的簡單,如下:
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<title>Struts2+ JasperReports 使用示例</title>
</head>
<body>
<a href="HTML.action">HTML</a>
<br>
<a href="PDF.action">PDF</a>
<br>
<a href="XML.action">XML</a>
<br>
<a href="CSV.action">CSV</a>
<br>
<a href="XLS.action">XLS</a>
</body>
</html>
七運行效果
1.HTML格式
圖2.HTML格式
2.PDF格式
圖3.PDF格式
3.XML格式
圖4.XML格式
4.Excel格式
圖5.Excel格式