將application.properties中的屬性值映射到組件中與將外部屬性文件中的屬性值映射到組件

1. 將application.properties中的屬性值映射到組件中：

Person.class

/**
 * 將配置文件中配置的每一個屬性的值，映射到這個組件中
 * @ConfigurationProperties：告訴SpringBoot將本類中的所有屬性和配置文件中相關的配置進行綁定；
 *      prefix = "person"：配置文件中哪個下面的所有屬性進行一一映射
 *
 * 只有這個組件是容器中的組件，才能容器提供的@ConfigurationProperties功能；
 *  @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "person")默認從全局配置文件中獲取值；
 *
 */
@Component
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "person")
public class Person {
    private String lastName;
    private Integer age;
    private Boolean boss;
    private Date birth;
    private Map<String, Object> maps;
    private List<Object> lists;
    private Dog dog;
    //get and set...
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Person{" +
                "lastName='" + lastName + '\'' +
                ", age=" + age +
                ", boss=" + boss +
                ", birth=" + birth +
                ", maps=" + maps +
                ", lists=" + lists +
                ", dog=" + dog +
                '}';
    }

Dog.class

public class Dog {
    private String name;
    private Integer age;
    // get and set...
     @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Dog{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", age=" + age +
                '}';
    }
}

application.properties

#配置person
person.last-name=張三
person.age=23
person.birth=2017/12/15
person.boss=false
person.maps.k1=v1
person.maps.k2=14
person.lists=a,b,c
person.dog.name=dog
person.dog.age=15

2.將外部properties屬性文件映射到組件

@Component
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "person")
@PropertySource(value = {"classpath:person.properties"})
public class Person {
    private String lastName;
    private Integer age;
    private Boolean boss;
    private Date birth;
    private Map<String, Object> maps;
    private List<Object> lists;
    private Dog dog;
    //get and set...
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Person{" +
                "lastName='" + lastName + '\'' +
                ", age=" + age +
                ", boss=" + boss +
                ", birth=" + birth +
                ", maps=" + maps +
                ", lists=" + lists +
                ", dog=" + dog +
                '}';
    }

Dog.class

public class Dog {
    private String name;
    private Integer age;
    // get and set...
     @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Dog{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", age=" + age +
                '}';
    }
}

person.properties

#配置person
person.last-name=張三
person.age=23
person.birth=2017/12/15
person.boss=false
person.maps.k1=v1
person.maps.k2=14
person.lists=a,b,c
person.dog.name=dog
person.dog.age=15

3.導入spring配置文件

方式一：寫外部spring配置文件
@ImportResource：導入Spring的配置文件，讓配置文件裏面的內容生效；

Spring Boot裏面沒有Spring的配置文件，我們自己編寫的配置文件，也不能自動識別；

想讓Spring的配置文件生效，加載進來；@ImportResource標註在一個配置類上

@ImportResource(locations = {"classpath:beans.xml"})

bean.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">


    <bean id="helloService" class="com.atguigu.springboot.service.HelloService"></bean>
</beans>

springboot推薦給容器中添加組件的方式；
方式二：推薦使用全註解的方式

/**
 * @Configuration：指明當前類是一個配置類；就是來替代之前的Spring配置文件
 *
 * 在配置文件中用<bean><bean/>標籤添加組件
 *
 */
@Configuration
public class MyAppConfig {

    //將方法的返回值添加到容器中；容器中這個組件默認的id就是方法名
    @Bean
    public HelloService helloService02(){
        System.out.println("配置類@Bean給容器中添加組件了...");
        return new HelloService();
    }
}