QT製作Modbus組包小工具

目錄

一、前言

二、操作說明

三、源碼簡析

四、Demo/小工具

---

一、前言

我們常用Modbus協議來讀取儀器的某一或多個寄存器的值，但在現實中，可能讀取的寄存器過多（例如幾百個）；當出現問題的時候，不容易分析每個寄存器的值，此Modbus組包小工具，可以很好顯示對應的寄存器。

 

二、操作說明

1. 寄存器->組幀

輸入開始寄存器、結束寄存器（數字），點擊【顯示寄存器】，則會顯示寄存器的值（默認全0）；一個寄存器16位，H和L都是十六進制數。

如果你想修改某一寄存器的值，則點擊相應表格，例如我這把50號寄存器的H改爲5B；點擊Pack，就把50-100寄存器的值，以16進制組幀顯示

2. 組幀->寄存器

例如我收到了一串16進制數據：5A 00 00 33 44 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00

我現在知道，寄存器從0開始（可以修改開始寄存器），那我想知道這串數據對應寄存器的所有值，則操作如下：

在輸入框輸入獲取到的數據，點擊UnPack，就可以看到每個寄存器對應的高低位

3. 組包

Modbus最後的組包，例如我加入包頭01 03 22，再添加寄存器的數據，點擊組包，則會在末尾自動添加CRC16

 

三、源碼簡析

①表格類CModel

CModel.h

#ifndef CMODEL_H
#define CMODEL_H

#include <QAbstractTableModel>
#include <QStringList>
#include <QVector>


class CModel : public QAbstractTableModel
{
    Q_OBJECT
public:
    explicit CModel();
    ~CModel();

    //行數
    virtual int rowCount(const QModelIndex &parent = QModelIndex()) const;
    //列數
    virtual int columnCount(const QModelIndex &parent = QModelIndex()) const;
    //顯示的數據
    virtual QVariant data(const QModelIndex &index, int role = Qt::DisplayRole) const;
    //從表格界面修改數據
    virtual bool setData(const QModelIndex &index, const QVariant &value, int role = Qt::EditRole);
    //顯示行首
    virtual QVariant headerData(int section, Qt::Orientation orientation, int role = Qt::DisplayRole) const;
    //設置表格可選性等
    virtual Qt::ItemFlags flags(const QModelIndex &index) const;

    //設置開始寄存器、結束寄存器後，顯示錶格，默認寄存器的高低16位都爲0
    void setParam(int sIndex, int eIndex);
    QString pack();
    bool unpack(const QString& str, int sIndex, int &eIndex);

private:
    //行首值
    QStringList                 m_horHeard;
    //表格數據
    QVector<QStringList>        m_vecData;
};

#endif // CMODEL_H

CModel.cpp

#include "CModel.h"
#include <QCoreApplication>
#include <QDebug>
#include <QTextCodec>


CModel::CModel()
{
    //設置行首值
    m_horHeard << tr("Register")
               << tr("H")
               << tr("L");
}


CModel::~CModel()
{
}


int CModel::rowCount(const QModelIndex &parent) const
{
    return m_vecData.count();
}

int CModel::columnCount(const QModelIndex &parent) const
{
    return m_horHeard.count();
}

QVariant CModel::data(const QModelIndex &index, int role) const
{
    if (!index.isValid())
    {
        return QVariant();
    }

    if (role == Qt::DisplayRole || role == Qt::EditRole)
    {
        //行
        int iRow = index.row();
        //列
        int iColumn = index.column();
        switch (iColumn)
        {
        case 0:
            return m_vecData.at(iRow).at(iColumn);
            break;
        case 1:
            return m_vecData.at(iRow).at(iColumn);
            break;
        case 2:
            return m_vecData.at(iRow).at(iColumn);
            break;
        default:
            break;
        }
    }
    else if (role == Qt::TextAlignmentRole)
    {
        return Qt::AlignCenter;
    }

    return QVariant();
}

//這裏界面修改, 數據變動的地方
bool CModel::setData(const QModelIndex &index, const QVariant &value, int role)
{
    if (!index.isValid())
        return false;

    if (role == Qt::DisplayRole ||role == Qt::EditRole)
    {
        int iRow = index.row();
        int iColumn = index.column();
        QStringList strList = m_vecData.at(iRow);
        switch (iColumn)
        {
        case 0:
            strList.replace(iColumn, value.toString());
            m_vecData.replace(iRow, strList);
            break;
        case 1:
            strList.replace(iColumn, value.toString());
            m_vecData.replace(iRow, strList);
            break;
        case 2:
            strList.replace(iColumn, value.toString());
            m_vecData.replace(iRow, strList);
            break;
        default:
            break;
        }

        //reset函數可以立即刷新表格數據
        reset();
        return true;
    }

    return false;
}


QVariant CModel::headerData(int section, Qt::Orientation orientation, int role) const
{
    if (orientation == Qt::Horizontal && role == Qt::DisplayRole)
    {
        return m_horHeard.at(section);
    }

    return QVariant();
}


Qt::ItemFlags CModel::flags(const QModelIndex &index) const
{
    Qt::ItemFlags flag = QAbstractTableModel::flags(index);
    if (index.column() > 0)
    {
        flag |= Qt::ItemIsEditable;
    }

    return flag;
}

void CModel::setParam(int sIndex, int eIndex)
{
    m_vecData.clear();
    for(int i = sIndex; i <= eIndex; i++)
    {
        QString sIndex = QString("%1").arg(i);
        QStringList strlist;
        strlist  << sIndex
                 << "00"
                 << "00";
        m_vecData.push_back(strlist);
    }

    reset();
}

QString CModel::pack()
{
    QString str;
    for(int i = 0; i < m_vecData.count(); i++)
    {
        QStringList strlist = m_vecData[i];
        //第一列不要
        for(int j = 1; j < strlist.count(); j++)
        {
            str.append(strlist[j]);
            str.append(" ");
        }
    }

    return str;
}

bool CModel::unpack(const QString &str, int sIndex, int &eIndex)
{
    QString sStr = str;
    sStr.remove(" ");

    if(sStr.length()%4 != 0)
    {
        return false;
    }

    m_vecData.clear();

    for(int i=0,j=0; j<sStr.length()/4; i+=4,j++)
    {
        QStringList sList;
        QString strH;
        QString strL;
        strH.append(sStr.at(i));
        strH.append(sStr.at(i+1));
        strL.append(sStr.at(i+2));
        strL.append(sStr.at(i+3));

        QString strIndex = QString("%1").arg(sIndex+j);
        sList << strIndex
              << strH
              << strL;
        m_vecData.append(sList);

        eIndex = sIndex+j;
    }

    reset();
    return true;
}

②界面交互類MainWindow

mainwindow.h

#ifndef MAINWINDOW_H
#define MAINWINDOW_H

#include <QMainWindow>

class CModel;

namespace Ui {
class MainWindow;
}

class MainWindow : public QMainWindow
{
    Q_OBJECT
    
public:
    explicit MainWindow(QWidget *parent = 0);
    ~MainWindow();

private:
    //CRC16
    int crc16_modbus(unsigned char *buf, unsigned int len);

private slots:
    //顯示寄存器table
    void on_btn_show_clicked();
    //寄存器的數據組幀
    void on_btn_pack_clicked();
    //幀的數據顯示在寄存器table上
    void on_btn_unpack_clicked();
    //添加包頭，組包
    void on_btn_pack2_clicked();
    //清空數據
    void on_btn_clear1_clicked();
    void on_btn_clear2_clicked();
    void on_btn_clear3_clicked();

private:
    Ui::MainWindow *ui;

    CModel *m_pModel;
};

#endif // MAINWINDOW_H

mainwindow.cpp

#include "mainwindow.h"
#include "ui_mainwindow.h"
#include "CTable/CModel.h"
#include <QDebug>
#include <QMessageBox>


MainWindow::MainWindow(QWidget *parent) :
    QMainWindow(parent),
    ui(new Ui::MainWindow)
{
    ui->setupUi(this);
    this->setWindowTitle("PackApp");

    m_pModel = new CModel;

    ui->tableView->setModel(m_pModel);

    //設置表格屬性
    ui->tableView->setEditTriggers(QTableView::AllEditTriggers);
    ui->tableView->setSelectionBehavior(QTableView::SelectRows);
    ui->tableView->setSelectionMode(QTableView::SingleSelection);
    ui->tableView->horizontalHeader()->setResizeMode(QHeaderView::Stretch);
}

MainWindow::~MainWindow()
{
    delete ui;
    if(m_pModel != NULL)
    {
        delete m_pModel;
        m_pModel = NULL;
    }
}

void MainWindow::on_btn_show_clicked()
{
    int startRrgister = ui->ledit_startReg->text().toInt();
    int endRrgister = ui->ledit_endReg->text().toInt();
    m_pModel->setParam(startRrgister, endRrgister);
}

void MainWindow::on_btn_pack_clicked()
{
    if(ui->ledit_startReg->text().toInt() > ui->ledit_endReg->text().toInt())
    {
        QMessageBox::warning(this, "warning", "Register input wrong!");
        return;
    }

    ui->textEdit->clear();

    QString sValueStr = m_pModel->pack();
    ui->textEdit->append(sValueStr);
}

void MainWindow::on_btn_unpack_clicked()
{
    int eIndex = 0;
    bool bRet = m_pModel->unpack(ui->textEdit->toPlainText(),
                                 ui->ledit_startReg->text().toInt(),
                                 eIndex);
    if(bRet)
    {
        QString sEIndex = QString("%1").arg(eIndex);
        ui->ledit_endReg->setText(sEIndex);
    }
    else
    {
        QMessageBox::warning(this, "warning", "hex is wrong!");
    }
}


void MainWindow::on_btn_pack2_clicked()
{
    ui->textEdit3->clear();
    QString str = ui->textEdit2->toPlainText();
    str.remove(" ");
    if(str.length()%2 != 0)
    {
        QMessageBox::warning(this, "warning", "hex is wrong!");
        return;
    }

    unsigned char buffer[str.length()/2];
    for(int i=0,j=0; j<str.length()/2; i+=2,j++)
    {
        QString strHex;
        strHex.append("0x");
        strHex.append(str.at(i));
        strHex.append(str.at(i+1));

        int value = strHex.toInt(0, 16);
        buffer[j] = value;
    }

    int crc = crc16_modbus(buffer, str.length()/2);
    int crc16_H = ((crc&0xFF00) >> 8);
    int crc16_L = (crc&0xFF);

    QString sCRC16 = QString("%1 %2").arg(crc16_H, 2, 16, QChar('0')).arg(crc16_L, 2, 16, QChar('0'));
    sCRC16 = sCRC16.toUpper();
    ui->ledit_crc16->setText(sCRC16);
    ui->textEdit3->append(ui->textEdit2->toPlainText() + sCRC16);
}

void MainWindow::on_btn_clear1_clicked()
{
    ui->textEdit->clear();
}

void MainWindow::on_btn_clear2_clicked()
{
    ui->textEdit2->clear();
}

void MainWindow::on_btn_clear3_clicked()
{
    ui->textEdit3->clear();
}

int MainWindow::crc16_modbus(unsigned char* buf, unsigned int len)
{
    unsigned int crc=0xFFFF;
    unsigned int i,j;

    for (j = 0; j < len; j++)
    {
        crc=crc^*buf++;
        for(i = 0; i<8; i++)
        {
            if ((crc&0x0001) > 0)
            {
                crc=crc>>1;
                crc=crc^0xa001;
            }
            else
            {
                crc = crc>>1;
            }
        }
    }

    crc = ((crc>>8) | ((crc&0xFF) << 8));

    return crc;
}

 

四、Demo/小工具

鏈接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1UMLIf8AhuzqDzak5AS_N9Q 
提取碼：m7kl