【New words and expressions】 生詞和短語
◆manual adj. 體力的
◆collar n. 衣領
◆sacrifice v. 犧牲，獻出
◆privilege n. 好處
◆dustman n. 清潔工
◆corporation n. 公司
◆overalls n. 工作服
◆shower n. 淋浴
◆secret n. 祕密
◆status n. 地位
★manual adj. 體力的
= physical
manual work:體力工作
mental work: 腦力工作
★collar n. 衣領
white-collar:白領 ( do mental work)
blue-collar:藍領 （do manual work）
(get) hot under the collar: 怒氣沖天
★sacrifice v. 犧牲，獻出
vt. to give up for good purpose
Eg: sacrifice one’s life for the country
sacrifice time
n.
make many sacrifices
★privilege n. 好處
= advantage
特權 （=special right）
犧牲掉自己的好處：
sacrifice one’s advantage / rivilege
特許某人做某事：
give sb. the rivilege of doing sth.
privileged adj. 榮幸的
★overalls n. 工作服
男工作服； overall 女工作服
★secret n. 祕密
adj. keep secret:保密
It’s between you and me.
I’ll keep it to myself.
confidential : 機密的
in secret:私下裏
= secretly, in private, privately
I was told about it in secret.
in the secret: 知道內情
He was in the secret from the beginning.
★status n. 地位
= social position
s-t-a-t-u-s
s-t-a-t-u-e: 雕像，塑像
★corporation n. 公司
★shower n. 淋浴
★dustman n. 清潔工
【課文講解】
These days, people who do manual work① often receive far more money② than people who work in offices. People who work in offices are frequently referred to③ as ‘white-collar workers' for the simple reason④ that they usually wear a collar and tie to go to work. Such is human nature⑤, that a great many people are often willing to sacrifice higher pay for the privilege of becoming white-collar workers⑥. This can give rise to⑦ curious situations, as it did in the case of⑧ Alfred Bloggs who⑨ worked as a dustman for the Ellesmere Corporation.
When he got married⑩, Alf was too embarrassed to⑾ say anything to his wife about his job. He simply⑿ told her that he worked for the Corporation. Every morning, he left home dressed in a smart black suit⒀. He then changed into⒁ overalls and spent the next eight hours as a dustman. Before returning home at night⒂, he took a shower and changed back into his suit. Alf did this for over two years and his fellow dustmen kept his secret. Alf's wife has never discovered that she married a dustman and she never will⒃, for Alf has just found another job. He will soon be working in an office. He will be earning only half as much as⒄ he used to, but he feels that his rise in status is well worth⒅ the loss of money. From now on, he will wear a suit all day and others will call him 'Mr. Bloggs', not 'Alf'.
①people who do manual work => blue-collar workers
people who work in offices / do mental work => white-collar workers
②far more money
far--副詞，用來強調語氣==much
③refer to … as ==regard … as 把…看作爲
I always refer to him as bookworm (書呆子).
④for the simple reason => for 引導的原因狀語從句
for the reason that 比because正式，因此多用於正式文體
⑤human nature 人性化
⑥such…that…
that 引導同位語從句，進一步補充說明such的基本內涵
His kindness was such that we will never forget him.
=> Such was his kindness…
Such is human nature that we want to get a lot of things free.
Such用在句首，要倒裝
本句中的介詞for表示一種目的
be willing to do sth. == be ready to do sth. 心甘情願做…
⑦give rise to , lead to, cause:引起，惹起 =result in
Such conduct might give rise to misunderstandings.
The bad conditions have given rise to a lot of crimes.
⑧in the case of: 至於，就……而言
Eg: Stealing is no shame in the case of him.
in case of: (連) 萬一，以防
Eg: You should ensure your house in case of fire.
⑨Who引導定語從句
⑽get married
marry v. 如果強調動作：He married the girl…
如果表示狀態：get married, be married
如果表明和某人已經結婚多長時間了：be married to sb.
The old man has been married to his wife 50 years.
⑾Too embarrassed to say:太尷尬而沒有說明
be ashamed of
Too…to…, 太…而不能
⑿simply adv. 用來修飾限定動詞told
⒀dressed in a smart black suit-----形容詞短語表示一種狀態
Eg: He got to work dressed in a beautiful coat.
He left home wearing a smart black suit.
⒁Changed into: 換上
⒂Before returning home==Before he returned home
在before 引導的時間狀語從句中，return 的邏輯主語和主句的主語he是保持一致的，所以這個時間狀語是由介詞before和動名詞搭配而成，相當於before 引導的時間狀語從句。
如果運用動名詞形式，動名詞的邏輯主語必須是主句的主語。
After getting home, he had a good rest.
Before having dinner, he finished all his homework.
⒃She never will = she will never discover the secret
在省略句式中， never要放在助動詞之前。
‘Will you go to see her?’
‘ I will never go to see her.’ / ‘No, I never will.’
⒄half as much as (he used to): 是 … 的一半
half (a quarter, twice, three times ) as …as…表示倍數
I won’t marry a man who is twice as old as me.
We got three times as many people as we expected.
This room is about three times as large as that one.
…as (形容詞或副詞原形)as… 是 …幾倍
比 …多幾倍：…times (形容詞或副詞比較級)
This road is four times longer than that one. => This road is five times as long as that one.
⒅is well worth the loss of money
What he obtained is well worth the loss of time
Well 副詞用來加強語氣，修飾形容詞worth
【Special difficulties】難點
A． 英語中的許多動詞不能以人作爲賓語，只能代某物或某事。如果需要說明是某人就要用介詞to.
Eg: He explained the difficulty to me
He told a story to me.=> He told me a story.
兩類詞彙：tell可以和雙賓語搭配（指物的直接賓語，指人的間接賓語）
explain, say只能帶一個（直接）賓語，在間接賓語前要介詞to
She speaks English to her husband and Swedish to her children.
He admitted his guilt to the police.
Did you suggest this idea to him?
當直接賓語比較長或者是個從句時，通常放在間接賓語之後，但say除外
I explained to him the impossibility of granting his request.
He confessed to me that he had fallen asleep during the meeting.
B. worth adj. 後面只能跟名詞或動名詞
His suggestion is worth considering.
【參考譯文】
阿爾弗雷德.布洛格斯的雙重生活
如今，從事體力勞動的人的收入一般要比坐辦公室的人高出許多。坐辦公室的之所以常常被稱作“白領工人”，就是因爲他們通常是穿着硬領白襯衫，繫着領帶去上班。許多人常常情願放棄較高的薪水以換取做白領工人的殊榮，此乃人之常情。而這常常會引起種種奇怪的現象，在埃爾斯米爾公司當清潔工的艾爾弗雷德.布洛斯就是一個例子。
艾爾弗結婚時，感到非常難爲情，而沒有將自己的職業告訴妻子。他只說在埃爾斯米爾公司上班。每天早晨，他穿上一身漂亮的黑色西裝離家上班，然後換上工作服，當8個小時清潔工。晚上回家前，他洗個淋浴，重新換上那身黑色西服。兩年多以來，艾爾弗一直這樣，他的同事也爲他保守祕密。艾爾弗的妻子一直不知道她嫁給了一個清潔工，而且她永遠也不會知道了，因爲艾爾弗已找到薪職，不久就要坐辦公室裏工作了。他將來掙的錢只有他現在的一半。不過他覺得，地位升高了，損失點兒錢也值得。從此，艾爾弗可以一天到晚穿西服了。別人將稱呼他爲“布洛格斯先生”，而不再叫他“艾爾弗”了。
【Multiple choice questions】多項選擇題
Comprehension
1 What does the case of Alfred Bloggs illustrate?
a. That people often care more about the status of a job than the salary.
b. That ‘white-collar workers’ usually wear a suit to go to work.
c. That manual workers prefer to keep their job a secret.
d. That office workers usually earn less than manual workers.
illustrate: 闡明，闡述
根據' … a great many people are often willing to sacrifice higher pay for the privilege of becoming white-collar worker'
1. A
2 What did Alfred Bloggs do for over two years?
a. He told his wife he worked for the Corporation, when in fact he did not.
b. He disguised himself as a dustman.
c. He led a double life.
d. He earned twice as much as he used to.
disguise /dis'gaiz/ vt. 假裝，扮作；隱瞞；n. 假裝；化裝服
Double life
2. C
3 Why did Alfred Bloggs consider wearing a suit all day and being called 'Mr. Bloggs' so important?
a. His new job is worth more than his previous one in every respect.
b. He will no longer need a shower before returning home from work.
c. He can now tell his wife about his previous job without embarrassment.
d. He feels that other people will respect him more.
3. D
'…he feels that his rise in status is well worth the loss of money.'
Structure
4 They usually wear a collar and tie
a. as they work b. to work c. going to work d. in order to work
to go 可以省略
They usually go to work wearing a collar and tie.
4. B
5 Alf was ( ) anything to his wife.
a. so embarrassed he said b. very embarrassed and said
c. very embarrassed, so he said d. so embarrassed he did not say
'Alfred was too embarrassed to say anything to his wife about his job.'
Too…to (不定式to 表示否定)
So…that:“如此…以至於”（在that引導的結果狀語從句中，如果採用否定式，可以和too…to互換）
Eg: The water is too hot for us to drink. => The water is so hot that we can't drink.
5. D
6 He ( ) told her that he worked for the Corporation ...
a. simply b. in a simple way c. and no more d. only
He simply told her that he worked for the Corporation.
Simply adv “僅僅是，再沒有別的了” = only, just
無論是simply, only 還是just, 往往用在主體之前
I did it simply / only for the money.
I don't like driving. I do it simply / only because I have to go to work each day.
And no more ---放句尾
in a simple way: 簡單的，簡樸的
Eg: She was always dressed in a simple way.
6. A
7 Before he ( ) home at night, he took a shower…
a. was returning b. returned c. had returned d. will return
如果主、從的主語一致，可用介詞和動名詞形式搭配。
Before—連接詞，引導時間狀語從句（一般使用簡單時態，不用將來時）
Before he returned home…
Before引導的從句，常用一般現在時或一般過去時，不用進行時。
7. B
8 His earnings were only half the amount ( )
a. as they used to b. they used to c. they used to be d. they were used to
' half as much as it used to be'
the amount 要用定語從句進行限定
used to: 當主句的謂語動詞是行爲動詞時，之後的動詞必須省略掉。
Used to be:當主句的謂語動詞是系動詞時，之後必須帶有系動詞be。
Eg: I feel the summers are hotter than they used to be.
I feel you are much fatter than you used to be.
8.C
Vocabulary
9 Manual workers often receive much higher ( ) than people who work in offices.
a. gains b. fees c. payments d. wages
gain 獲利，贏得（表示通過努力） ~time, ~reputation, ~speed, ~height
fee (爲專業服務支付的)費用 doctor’s fees, the lawyer's fees,pay for my university fees
payment (商業、信貸)支付的款項（正式）
wages （體力勞動者的）工資
salary (白領的)薪水
9．D
10 His ( ) kept his secret.
a. brothers b workmates c. companions d. comrades
workmate 工友
companion 同伴
10． B
11 His rise in status (more than) the loss of money.
a. pays back b. rewards c. compensates for d. values
well worth the loss of money
pay back 償還，報復
reward 酬勞
value 價值
comensate for = make up for 彌補
11． C
12 he wanted to be ( ) 'Mr. Bloggs' , not 'Alf.' .
a. addressed as b. named c. cried out d. shouted
addressed as 被稱作
name 命名
cry out 叫
shout 喊
12. A