寫一個跟蹤的類庫

寫一個跟蹤的類庫

摘要:本類庫出自《asp.net電子商務高級編程》一書的源碼,作者Kevin Hoffman。我們在開發程序的時候常常需要跟蹤一些變量的值,系統狀態等。一般我們在底層架構裏提供完成這個任務的功能,我把這本書的兩個類先提取出來給大家看看,看看有沒有可用的價值,這個類庫可以把要跟蹤輸出的信息輸出在一個安全的位置,它把程序集的跟蹤輸出和asp.net的跟蹤輸出做了合併。並且提供了在異常拋出的時候獲取系統進程信息,線程信息以及應用程序域等方面的信息。

 

/**//*
 * Class       : GWTrace
 * Namespace   : GW.MonitorServices
 * Assembly    : GW.MonitorServices
 * Author       : Kevin Hoffman
 * Description : Enhanced tracing functionality to consolidate system and http tracing log and
 *                provide support for trace switches.
 */
using System;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Reflection;
using System.Runtime.Remoting.Messaging;

namespace GW.MonitorServices
{
    /**//// <summary>
    /// 跟蹤類,這裏可以輸出一個自定義跟蹤消息,
    /// 也可以跟蹤輸出一個方法的執行情況,把這些
    /// 跟蹤消息存放在合適的位置,包括類庫和頁面跟蹤
    /// </summary>
    public sealed class GWTrace
    {
        private GWTrace() { } // 用私有構造函數防治實例華.

        //從web.config來獲取設置的跟蹤級別
        private static readonly TraceSwitch traceSwitch =
            new TraceSwitch("GWTrace", "GW Current Tracing Level");

        /**//// <summary>
        /// 獲取跟蹤等級
        /// </summary>
        public static TraceLevel CurrentTraceLevel
        {
            get
            {
                return traceSwitch.Level;
            }
        }
       
        /**//// <summary>
        /// 默認輸出信息性消息,警告和錯誤處理信息
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="message">要顯示的的消息</param>
        /// <param name="args">一個數組參數,用來拼接成最終消息</param>
        [Conditional("TRACE")]
        public static void Trace( string message, params Object[] args )
        {
            Trace( TraceLevel.Info, message, args );
        }

        /**//// <summary>
        /// 指定跟蹤等級來輸出跟蹤消息,跟蹤指定的跟蹤級別,在不同的地方輸出跟蹤消息
        /// 如果HttpContext可用的話,就把消息輸出到頁面跟蹤裏,總之,這個方法保證跟蹤
        /// 消息始終能記錄在安全的位置.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="msgLevel">跟蹤等級</param>
        /// <param name="message">跟蹤消息</param>
        /// <param name="arrData">跟蹤參數</param>
        [Conditional("TRACE")]
        public static void Trace( TraceLevel msgLevel,
            string message,
            params Object[] arrData )
        {
            //如果跟蹤級別小於或者等於設置的級別時再輸出跟蹤信息
            if ( msgLevel <= traceSwitch.Level )
            {
                // 對輸入的參數做一些處理,防治出錯
                // SafeFormat是把信息和對象數組拼接成一個字符串
                //和string.Format()的功能差不多
                message = ( message == null ? string.Empty : message.Trim() );
                message = MonitorUtilities.SafeFormat( message, arrData );
           
                //記錄跟蹤消息,如果上HttpContext可用的話
                //把跟蹤信息輸出到頁面裏並且如果跟蹤信息
                //是Error級別的話,使用紅色標識跟蹤信息
                try
                {
                    System.Diagnostics.Trace.WriteLine( message );
                    System.Web.HttpContext httpContext =
                        System.Web.HttpContext.Current;
                    if ( httpContext != null )
                    {
                        if ( msgLevel == TraceLevel.Error )
                            httpContext.Trace.Warn( message );
                        else
                            httpContext.Trace.Write( message );
                    }
                }
                catch
                {
                    //什麼也不用做,下面這句我不會翻譯
                    // Do nothing: do not corrupt the current error
                    // with a failure to trace an error
                }
            }
        }

        /**//// <summary>
        /// 使用TraceLevel.Info級別跟蹤一個方法
        /// 可以跟蹤當時傳入方法的一些參數的值
        /// 本方法調用它的重載方法
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="method">要跟蹤的方法</param>
        [Conditional("TRACE")]
        public static void EnteringMethod( MethodBase method )
        {
            EnteringMethod( TraceLevel.Info, method );
        }

       
        /**//// <summary>
        /// 指定級別跟蹤一個方法,這裏可以跟蹤方法的名字
        /// 方法的簽名等,這裏用了反射和中間
        /// 語言的一些知識,構造函數在MSIL裏用.ctor表示
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="msgLevel">跟蹤級別</param>
        /// <param name="method">要跟蹤的方法</param>
[Conditional("TRACE")]
        public static void EnteringMethod( TraceLevel msgLevel,
            MethodBase method )
        {
            try
            {
                if ( traceSwitch.Level >= TraceLevel.Error )
                {
                    string methodName =
                        ( method.Name.Equals(".ctor") ? "Constructor" : method.Name );
                    Trace ( msgLevel,
                        "Entering {0}.{1}() [Signature: {2}]",
                        method.DeclaringType.Name, methodName, method.ToString() );
                }
            }
            catch
            {
                //這裏也什麼都不做,因爲這裏出現了異常,如果處理的話會拋出一個新的
                //異常,造成死循環
                // Again, do nothing here. The failure to trace should not create
                // another failure.
            }
        }

    }
}

 

/**//*
 * Class       : MonitorUtilities
 * Namespace   : GW.MonitorServices
 * Assembly    : GW.MonitorServices
 * Author       : Kevin Hoffman
 * Description : Utility class (static methods only) for us in logging information about important events.
 */
using System;
using System.Text;
using System.Runtime.Remoting.Messaging;

namespace GW.MonitorServices
{
    /**//// <summary>
    /// Summary description for MonitorUtilities.
    /// </summary>
    public class MonitorUtilities
    {
       
        /**//// <summary>
        /// 把一個異常的堆棧信息處理後返回一個字符串
        /// 一個異常可能是另一個異常實例引發的,這裏通過
        /// 遞歸把 所有的異常消息都處理並返回信息,最後
        /// 形成一個包含異常足夠多信息的字符串
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="ex">傳輸的異常</param>
        /// <returns>返回的字符串</returns>
        public static string ExpandStackTrace( Exception ex )
        {
            StringBuilder buffer = new StringBuilder(1024);
            while (ex != null)
            {
                if (buffer.Length > 0)
                    buffer.Insert(0, ex.StackTrace + "/nRe-Thrown (" + ex.Message + ")/n");
                else
                    buffer.Insert(0, ex.StackTrace + "/n");

                ex = ex.InnerException;
            }
            buffer.Replace(" in ", "/n/tin/n");
            return buffer.ToString();
        }

        /**//// <summary>
        /// 返回機器名
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static string GetMachineName()
        {
            return System.Environment.MachineName;
        }

        /**//// <summary>
        /// 返回一些進程信息,默認情況下線程信息是不可以獲取的,要改一下注冊表,下面的
        /// 英文告訴你怎麼做,我不懂英文,就不拽了哦,總之就是返回進程ID啦,進程名稱啦
        /// 線程表示啦,應用程序域啦之類的信息
        /// In order to use the GetProcessInfo method, the ASP.NET must have access
        /// to the performance information registry keys. To accomplish this,
        /// do the following:
        /// <pre>
        /// Open REGEDT32.EXE
        /// Navigate to HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE/Software/Microsoft/Windows NT/CurrentVersion/PerfLib
        /// Navigate to the Security Menu
        /// Click Permissions
        /// Select the local machine account under which ASP.NET is running (default is ASPNET)
        /// Click Add
        /// Now this application and all ASP.NET apps on the machine have access to this data.
        /// This function should NOT EVER be called if your application is running on a third
        /// party hosting company
        /// </pre>
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static string GetProcessInfo()
        {
            try
            {
                System.Diagnostics.Process curProcess =
                    System.Diagnostics.Process.GetCurrentProcess();

                return string.Format(
                    "[Process:{0}, {1}][Thread: {2}][AppDomain:{3}",
                    curProcess.Id, curProcess.ProcessName,
                    AppDomain.GetCurrentThreadId(),
                    AppDomain.CurrentDomain.FriendlyName );
            }
            catch
            {
                return "Process Information Unavailable";
            }
        }

        /**//// <summary>
        /// 這個方法用來把一個字符串和一個對象數組進行格式化
        /// 這裏調用的也是string.Format方法,但是這是一個
        /// 不引發異常的版本,嘿嘿,因爲這幾個類就是做錯誤處理的,
        /// 所以儘量不要引發新的異常
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="format"></param>
        /// <param name="formatArgs"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static string SafeFormat(string format, params Object[] formatArgs )
        {
            format = ( format == null ? string.Empty : format.Trim() );
            try
            {
                return string.Format(format, formatArgs );
            }
            catch
            {
                return format + " (Error binding arguments)";
            }
        }
    }
}


以上兩個文件是類庫的組成文件,然後建立一個asp.net程序,引入上面的兩個文件編譯的程序集,設置一下web.config文件,如下。

 


<configuration>
    <system.diagnostics>
        <switches>
            <add name="GWTrace" value="4" />
        </switches>
    </system.diagnostics>
    <system.web>

然後新建一個default.aspx頁面,在代碼視圖裏輸入以下代碼,運行一下就可以看到成果了。


using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.SessionState;
using System.Web.UI;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls;
using System.Web.UI.HtmlControls;

using System.Reflection;
using GW.MonitorServices;


namespace WawaCMPArticles
{
    public class _Default : System.Web.UI.Page
    {
        private void Page_Load(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
        {
            // 在此處放置用戶代碼以初始化頁面
            GWTrace.Trace("打倒{0}","鳥大哥");
            GWTrace.Trace(System.Diagnostics.TraceLevel.Error,"鳥大哥是{0}","壞淫");
            this.Replace("鳥大哥是好人","好人","豬頭");
            this.ThrowNewException(0);
        }
        public void ThrowNewException(int p)
        {
            try
            {
                int i = 5/p;
            }
            catch(System.DivideByZeroException e)
            {
                Response.Write(MonitorUtilities.ExpandStackTrace(e) + "<br>");
                Response.Write(MonitorUtilities.GetMachineName() + "<br>");
                Response.Write(MonitorUtilities.GetProcessInfo() + "<br>");
            }
        }
        public void Replace(string s1,string s2,string s3)
        {
            GWTrace.EnteringMethod( MethodBase.GetCurrentMethod() );//跟蹤輸出本方法
            Response.Write(s1.Replace(s2,s3) + "<br>");
        }
        Web 窗體設計器生成的代碼#region Web 窗體設計器生成的代碼
        override protected void OnInit(EventArgs e)
        {
            InitializeComponent();
            this.Trace.IsEnabled =true;//啓用頁面跟蹤
            base.OnInit(e);
        }
       
        private void InitializeComponent()
        {   
            this.Load += new System.EventHandler(this.Page_Load);
        }
        #endregion
    }
}

最近我見博客園有人討論監測跟蹤和錯誤處理方面的內容,我也來湊湊熱鬧。下次再把錯誤處理的類提取出來,做些註釋,和大家討論一下如何改進,這樣偶們個人類庫裏的代碼就越來越多,越來越好,想什麼時候用就什麼時候用,嘿嘿。錯誤處理好像微軟的Microsoft.ApplicationBlocks.ExceptionManagement挺好用的,相關信息請參考下面的文章或者微軟的視頻教程。

http://edobnet.cnblogs.com/archive/2004/09/10/41759.html

 

 

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