案例：用戶登錄
用戶登錄案例需求：
1.編寫login.html登錄頁面
username & password 兩個輸入框
2.使用Druid數據庫連接池技術,操作mysql，day14數據庫中user表
3.使用JdbcTemplate技術封裝JDBC
4.登錄成功跳轉到SuccessServlet展示：登錄成功！用戶名,歡迎您
5.登錄失敗跳轉到FailServlet展示：登錄失敗，用戶名或密碼錯誤
開發步驟
//1. 創建項目，導入html頁面，配置文件，jar包
//2. 創建數據庫環境
CREATE DATABASE day14;
USE day14;
CREATE TABLE USER(
id INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
username VARCHAR(32) UNIQUE NOT NULL,
PASSWORD VARCHAR(32) NOT NULL
);
//3. 創建包cn.itcast.domain,創建類User
package cn.itcast.domain;
/**
* 用戶的實體類
*/
public class User {
private int id;
private String username;
private String password;
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User{" +
"id=" + id +
", username='" + username + '\'' +
", password='" + password + '\'' +
'}';
}
}
//4. 創建包cn.itcast.util,編寫工具類JDBCUtils
package cn.itcast.util;
import com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSourceFactory;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
import javax.xml.crypto.Data;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.Properties;
/**
* JDBC工具類 使用Durid連接池
*/
public class JDBCUtils {
private static DataSource ds ;
static {
try {
//1.加載配置文件
Properties pro = new Properties();
//使用ClassLoader加載配置文件，獲取字節輸入流
InputStream is = JDBCUtils.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("druid.properties");
pro.load(is);
//2.初始化連接池對象
ds = DruidDataSourceFactory.createDataSource(pro);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* 獲取連接池對象
*/
public static DataSource getDataSource(){
return ds;
}
/**
* 獲取連接Connection對象
*/
public static Connection getConnection() throws SQLException {
return ds.getConnection();
}
}
//5. 創建包cn.itcast.dao,創建類UserDao,提供login方法
package cn.itcast.dao;
import cn.itcast.domain.User;
import cn.itcast.util.JDBCUtils;
import org.springframework.dao.DataAccessException;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.BeanPropertyRowMapper;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
/**
* 操作數據庫中User表的類
*/
public class UserDao {
//聲明JDBCTemplate對象共用
private JdbcTemplate template = new JdbcTemplate(JDBCUtils.getDataSource());
/**
* 登錄方法
* @param loginUser 只有用戶名和密碼
* @return user包含用戶全部數據,沒有查詢到，返回null
*/
public User login(User loginUser){
try {
//1.編寫sql
String sql = "select * from user where username = ? and password = ?";
//2.調用query方法
User user = template.queryForObject(sql,
new BeanPropertyRowMapper<User>(User.class),
loginUser.getUsername(), loginUser.getPassword());
return user;
} catch (DataAccessException e) {
e.printStackTrace();//記錄日誌
return null;
}
}
}
// 6. 編寫cn.itcast.web.servlet.LoginServlet類
package cn.itcast.web.servlet;
import cn.itcast.dao.UserDao;
import cn.itcast.domain.User;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
@WebServlet("/loginServlet")
public class LoginServlet extends HttpServlet {
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
//1.設置編碼
req.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
//2.獲取請求參數
String username = req.getParameter("username");
String password = req.getParameter("password");
//3.封裝user對象
User loginUser = new User();
loginUser.setUsername(username);
loginUser.setPassword(password);
//4.調用UserDao的login方法
UserDao dao = new UserDao();
User user = dao.login(loginUser);
//5.判斷user
if(user == null){
//登錄失敗
req.getRequestDispatcher("/failServlet").forward(req,resp);
}else{
//登錄成功
//存儲數據
req.setAttribute("user",user);
//轉發
req.getRequestDispatcher("/successServlet").forward(req,resp);
}
}
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
this.doGet(req,resp);
}
}
7. 編寫FailServlet和SuccessServlet類
@WebServlet("/successServlet")
public class SuccessServlet extends HttpServlet {
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
//獲取request域中共享的user對象
User user = (User) request.getAttribute("user");
if(user != null){
//給頁面寫一句話
//設置編碼
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
//輸出
response.getWriter().write("登錄成功！"+user.getUsername()+",歡迎您");
}
}
@WebServlet("/failServlet")
public class FailServlet extends HttpServlet {
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
//給頁面寫一句話
//設置編碼
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
//輸出
response.getWriter().write("登錄失敗，用戶名或密碼錯誤");
}
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
this.doPost(request,response);
}
}
注意：
login.html中form表單的action路徑的寫法
虛擬目錄+Servlet的資源路徑
BeanUtils工具類：簡化數據封裝，用於封裝JavaBean的
JavaBean：標準的Java類
要求：
1. 類必須被public修飾
2. 必須提供空參的構造器
3. 成員變量必須使用private修飾
4. 提供公共setter和getter方法
2. 功能：封裝數據
成員變量：
屬性：setter和getter方法截取後的產物
例如：getUsername() --> Username–> username
3. 方法：
1. setProperty()
2. getProperty()
3. populate(Object obj , Map map):將map集合的鍵值對信息，封裝到對應的JavaBean對象中