布什總統的911講話

Victor Hugo Condemning the Burning of the Winter Palace

Victor Hugo, 1802---1885, was a celebrated French literary giant. After the British and French invaders had burnt the Winter Palace in November, 1861, he wrote a reply to a lieutenant named Bartlette(?), denouncing indignantly the Allied atrocities. An extract of the letter follows.
“Sir, you ask me what I think of the expedition to China. You must feel that it was praise worthy, well done. You are very polite, putting a high premium upon my feelings. In your opinion, the expedition, performed under the joint banner of Queen Victoria and Emperor Napoleon, was nothing short of a British-French glory. Therefore, you would like to know to what extent I appreciate this glory.”
Since you ask, I will answer as follows:
In a corner of the world there existed a man-made miracle --- the Winter Palace. Art has two sources: one, an ideal, whence has come European art; two, fancy, whence has issued Oriental art. The Winter Palace belongs in the art of fancy. The Winter Palace, indeed, was the crystalisation of all of the art that an almost superman race could have fancied. The Winter Palace was a hugescale prototype of fancy if fancy can have a prototype. If only you can imagine an ineffable architectural structure, like a palace in the moon, a fairyland, that is the Winter Palace. If you can imagine a treasure-island, a pool of human perceptive power, expressed in the concrete form of palaces and temples, that is the Winter Palace. It took two generations of manpower to create the Winter Palace, which subsequently went through improvement and perfection over several centuries. For whom was the Winter Palace built, after all? Eventually, for the people. Because as time passes by, all that the people has made remains in the possession of mankind. Great artists, poets, philosophers --- they all knew about the Winter Palace. Voltaire (Francois Marie Arouet)once talked about it. Many people at different times compared the Winter Palace to the Parthenon, the Pyramids, the Arena, the Notre Dame. If they could not see the Winter Palace with their own eyes, they could dream about it --- as if in the gloaming they saw a breath-taking masterpiece of art as they had never known before --- as if there above the horizon of European civilization was towering the silhouette of Asian civilization.
Now, the miracle is no more! One day, two pirates broke into it. One of them went plundering; the other set every building and everything in it all abaze! Judging by what they did, we know that the victors could degenerate into robbers. The two of them fell to dividing between themselves the spoils. What meritorious feats they had done! What a heaven-sent bonanza! One stuffed his pockets full to overflowing; the other filled in his trunck chockfull. Then, hand in hand they made off, guffawing gloatingly. This episode reflects the history of the two brigands.
Standing before the tribunal of history is one brigand named France and the other named Great Britain. Against both I protest. Incidentally, I must thank you for giving me the opportunity to make this accusation. The rulers commit crimes but the ruled do not. The government becomes a robber, but the people will never.
France has gained a large portion of the spoils. Now, quite naively, she thinks herself the rightful owner of the property, and she is displaying the riches of the Winter Palace! I can only hope that there will come one day when France will disburden herself of the heavy load on her conscience and cleanse herself of the crime by returning to China all the spoils taken from the Winter Palace.
Sir, such is my eulogy of the expedition to China.
This English translation is from a Chinese version by Zheng Ruolin taking an excerpt from Hugo's Collection of Writings in Exile, appearing in an October 26, 1983 issue of the Beijing Evening News

雨果怒斥火燒圓明園
雨果(1802—1885)是法國著名文豪。在英法侵略者縱火焚燬我國圓明園以後，1861年11月，他曾覆信給一個名叫巴特勒的上尉，怒斥這樁醜行。下面是他覆信的摘要。
先生，您問我對這次遠征中國的看法，您覺得這次遠征值得稱譽，幹得漂亮，而且您很客氣，相當重視我的感想。按照您的高見，這次在維多利亞女王和拿破崙皇帝的雙重旗幟下對中國的遠征，是英法兩國的光榮；您想知道我對英法兩國的這一勝利究竟讚賞到何等程度。
既然您想知道我的看法，那麼我答覆如下：
在世界的一隅，存在着人類的一大奇蹟，這個奇蹟就是圓明園。藝術有兩種淵源：一爲理念——從中產生歐洲藝術；一爲幻想——從中產生東方藝術。圓明園屬於幻想藝術。一個近乎超人的民族所能幻想到的一切都薈集於圓明園。圓明園是規模巨大的幻想的原型，如果幻想也可能有原型的話。只要想象出一種無法描繪的建築物，一種如同月宮似的仙境，那就是圓明園。假定有一座集人類想象力之大成的寶島，以宮殿廟宇的形象出現，那就是圓明園。爲了建造圓明園，人們經歷了兩代人的長期勞動。後來又經過幾世紀的營造，究竟是爲誰而建的呢?爲人民。因爲時光的流逝會使一切都屬於全人類所有。藝術大師、詩人、哲學家，他們都知道圓明園。伏爾泰亦曾談到過它。人們一向把希臘的巴特農神廟、埃及的金字塔、羅馬的競技場、巴黎的聖母院和東方的圓明園相提並論。如果不能親眼目睹圓明園，人們就在夢中看到它。它彷彿在遙遠的蒼茫暮色中隱約眺見的一件前所未知的驚人傑作，宛如亞洲文明的輪廓崛起在歐洲文明的地平線上一樣。
這一奇蹟現已蕩然無存。有一天，兩個強盜闖進了圓明園。一個強盜大肆掠劫，另一個強盜縱火焚燒。從他們的行爲來看，勝利者也可能是強盜。一場對圓明園的空前洗劫開始了，兩個征服者平分贓物。真是豐功偉績，天賜的橫財!兩個勝利者一個裝滿了他的口袋，另一個看見了，就塞滿了他的箱子。然後，他們手挽着手，哈哈大笑着回到了歐洲。這就是這兩個強盜的歷史。
在歷史面前，這兩個強盜一個叫法國，另一個叫英國。對他們我要提出抗議，並且謝謝您給了我抗議的機會。統治者犯下的罪行同被統治者是不相干的；政府有時會是強盜，可是人民永遠不會。
法蘭西帝國從這次勝利中獲得了一半贓物，現在它又天真得彷彿自己就是真正的物主似的，將圓明園輝煌的掠奪物拿出來展覽。我渴望有朝一日法國能擺脫重負，清洗罪惡，把這些財富歸還被劫掠的中國。
先生，這就是我對遠征中國的讚賞。

布什總統的911講話

Today, our fellow citizens, our way of life, our very freedom came under attack in a series of deliberate and deadly terrorist acts. The victims were in airplanes or in their offices. Secretaries, business men and women,military and federal workers. Moms and dads. Friends and neighbors.
Thousands of lives were suddenly ended by evil, despicable acts of terror.
The pictures of airplanes flying into buildings, fires burning, huge structures collapsing, have filled us with disbelief, terrible sadness and a quiet,unyielding anger.
These acts of mass murder were intended to frighten our nation into chaos and retreat. But they have failed. Our country is strong. A great people has been moved to defend a great nation.
Terrorist attacks can shake the foundations of our biggest buildings, but they cannot touch the foundation of America. These acts shatter steel,but they cannot dent the steel of American resolve.
America was targeted for attack because we're the brightest beacon for freedom and opportunity in the world. And no one will keep that light from shining.
Today, our nation saw evil, the very worst of human nature, and we responded with the best of America, with the daring of our rescue workers, with the caring for strangers and neighbors who came to give blood and help in any way they could.
Immediately following the first attack, I implemented our government's emergency response plans. Our military is powerful, and it's prepared.
Our emergency teams are working in New York City and Washington, D.C.,to help with local rescue efforts.
Our first priority is to get help to those who have been injured and to take every precaution to protect our citizens at home and around the world from further attacks.
The functions of our government continue without interruption. Federal agencies in Washington, which had to be evacuated today, are reopening for essential personnel tonight and will be open for business tomorrow.
Our financial institutions remain strong, and the American economy will be open for business as well.
The search is under way for those who are behind these evil acts. I've directed the full resources for our intelligence and law enforcement communities to find those responsible and bring them to justice. We will make no distinction between the terrorists who committed these acts and those who harbor them.
I appreciate so very much the members of Congress who have joined me in strongly condemning these attacks. And on behalf of the American people,I thank the many world leaders who have called to offer their condolences and assistance.
America and our friends and allies join with all those who want peace and security in the world and we stand together to win the war against errorism.
Tonight I ask for your prayers for all those who grieve, for the children whose worlds have been shattered, for all whose sense of safety and security has been threatened. And I pray they will be comforted by a power greater than any of us spoken through the ages in Psalm 23: "Even though I walk through the valley of the shadow of death, I fear no evil for you are with me."
This is a day when all Americans from every walk of life unite in our resolve for justice and peace. America has stood down enemies before, and we will do so this time.
None of us will ever forget this day, yet we go forward to defend freedom and all that is good and just in our world.
Thank you. Good night and God bless America.

今天，我們的同胞和我們的生活方式，以至於我們的國家所崇尚的那種民主自由，都受到了一系列瘋狂的攻擊。這些攻擊是蓄謀已久的，是由那些頑固的恐怖分子所一手製造的。我們的受害者，有的是坐在飛機上，有的則是坐在辦公室裏；他們都是普通的工作人員，都是一些普通的商人和婦女；其中也有一些普通的武裝人員和聯邦政府的僱員，但他們全都是身爲父母的普通人，都是我們的朋友和鄰居。
真是不敢相信，由於這種卑鄙的恐怖主義行爲，數以千計的人竟然一下子就失去了生命。
看到那幾架飛機直直地向着大樓衝去，看到如此宏偉的大樓竟然在沖天而起的烈焰下慢慢地倒了下去，我們簡直都不敢相信自己的眼睛。我們都感到無比的悲哀，我們每個人的心裏都充滿了無比的憤恨。
這種大規模的屠殺，是對我們整個國家的恐嚇，目的就是要使我們的國家走向混亂和倒退。但是，他們的目的是不能得逞的。我們的國家是強大的，而我們的人民卻因此而站了出來，紛紛地要投身到保護祖國的戰鬥中去。
這些恐怖主義的行爲所能摧毀的，只不過是我們的一二座高大的樓房而已，他們卻永遠也無法破壞我們國家的基礎；他們所炸燬的只是一些普通的鋼鐵，但是，他們永遠也別想摧毀我們美國人民的鋼鐵決心。
我們美國之所以變成了這些人的攻擊目標，就是因爲我們是世界上最爲明亮的燈塔；我們所照亮的，是一條通往自由和繁榮的道路。在這個世界上，沒有任何一個燈塔能夠與我們相比。
今天，我們全國上下都看到了一場罪惡，是人類歷史上最爲醜陋的那種罪惡；而我們所做出的反應，卻顯示出我們美國人所具有的那種最爲崇高的美德。對於那些遇難者，不管他們是我們所認識的還是我們所不認識的，我們大家都能夠奮不顧身地給予救助和看護，都能夠踊躍地獻出自己的鮮血，或者，給予任何我們所能夠奉獻的幫助。
在我們剛剛遭受了第一次打擊之後，我就指令政府實施緊急救援計劃。我們的軍事力量是強大的，他們馬上就做出了反應。現在，我們的緊急行動工作隊已經到達了紐約和華盛頓特區，正在與當地的志願者一起從事緊張的救援工作。
我們的首要任務，就是要爲那些受到了創傷的人提供幫助，同時，還要採取一切必要的措施保護我國的公民，不管他們是在國外還是在國內，都要使他們不再遭受任何進一步的傷害。
實際上，我們政府的工作並沒有受到任何的妨礙。儘管今天白天的時候我們在華盛頓的聯邦機構作了緊急疏散，但是，那些負責關鍵性工作的政府僱員今天晚上就會集中起來進行辦公，其它所有的工作從明天早晨開始，都將恢復進行。
我們的金融機構沒有受到任何的損傷，所有的經濟活動也都會照常運行。
對於陰謀地製造了這場攻擊的險惡分子，我們的追捕工作已經展開。我已下令全國的情報機構和執法部門，要他們務必要找到有關的犯罪分子，把他們繩之以法。任何爲恐怖分子提供過庇護的，我們決不會放過一個人。
對於這場攻擊，我們的國會議員都表示了強烈的憤慨，都對我的工作表示了有力的支持；對於他們，我要表示衷心的感謝。另外，我還要代表美國人民，向世界各國的元首表示感謝，感謝他們在電話中所表示的安慰和幫助。
我們美國的人民不僅要與自己的朋友和盟友聯手合作，我們還要與世界上一切追求和平和安全的人民聯手合作。只要我們能夠堅定地站在一起，我們就一定能夠贏得這場反對恐怖主義戰爭的勝利。
我要懇求你們大家，要爲那些不幸的人進行祈禱，並且，還要爲我們的孩子和其他所有的人進行祈禱，因爲擺在他們面前的這個世界已經受到了破壞，他們的安全感也都受到了挑戰。那麼，我的祈禱是，希望所有這些人都能夠得到上帝的庇護，就像聖經上說的，“即使是穿越死亡峽谷的時候，我也毫不懼怕，因爲有你們予我同在。”
今天，所有的美國人，不管職業如何觀點如何，全都表現了團結一致的決心，決心要維護正義與和平。我們過去曾經把很多敵人都推向了歷史的審判臺，這一次我們還要這樣做。
今天的這次事件，我們決不會忘記。我們還要繼續前進，要保護自由和正義和我們這個世界所視爲珍貴的一切。
謝謝。祝你晚安，願上帝保佑美國。