Android 手機獲取經緯度功能(包含權限動態獲取)

運行效果：

activity_main.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/txt"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="Hello World!"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintRight_toRightOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />

</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>

AndroidManifest.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.qingshan.control">

    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />

    <application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher_round"
        android:supportsRtl="true"
        android:theme="@style/AppTheme">
        <activity android:name=".MainActivity">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
    </application>

</manifest>

MainActivity.java

package com.qingshan.control;

import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
import androidx.core.app.ActivityCompat;
import androidx.core.content.ContextCompat;

import android.Manifest;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.AlertDialog;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.DialogInterface;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.location.Location;
import android.location.LocationListener;
import android.location.LocationManager;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Build;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.provider.Settings;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import static android.Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        //6.0才用動態權限
        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 23) {
            checkPermission();
        }
    }

    private final int permissionCode = 100;//權限請求碼
    //權限集合，對應在AndroidManifest.xml文件中添加配置
    //<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION" />
    //<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION" />
    //<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
    String[] permissions = new String[]{
            Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION,
            Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION,
            Manifest.permission.INTERNET
    };
    AlertDialog alertDialog;

    //檢查權限
    private void checkPermission() {
        List<String> permissionList = new ArrayList<>();
        for (int i = 0; i < permissions.length; i++) {
            if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, permissions[i]) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                permissionList.add(permissions[i]);
            }
        }
        if (permissionList.size() <= 0) {
            //說明權限都已經通過，可以做你想做的事情去
            getLocation();
        } else {
            //存在未允許的權限
            ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, permissions, permissionCode);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
        super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
        boolean haspermission = false;
        if (permissionCode == requestCode) {
            for (int i = 0; i < grantResults.length; i++) {
                if (grantResults[i] == -1) {
                    haspermission = true;
                }
            }
            if (haspermission) {
                //跳轉到系統設置權限頁面，或者直接關閉頁面，不讓他繼續訪問
                permissionDialog();
            } else {
                //全部權限通過，可以進行下一步操作
                getLocation();
            }
        }
    }

    //打開手動設置應用權限
    private void permissionDialog() {
        if (alertDialog == null) {
            alertDialog = new AlertDialog.Builder(this)
                    .setTitle("提示信息")
                    .setMessage("當前應用缺少必要權限，該功能暫時無法使用。如若需要，請單擊【確定】按鈕前往設置中心進行權限授權。")
                    .setPositiveButton("設置", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                        @Override
                        public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                            cancelPermissionDialog();
                            Uri packageURI = Uri.parse("package:" + getPackageName());
                            Intent intent = new Intent(Settings.ACTION_APPLICATION_DETAILS_SETTINGS, packageURI);
                            startActivity(intent);
                        }
                    })
                    .setNegativeButton("取消", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                        @Override
                        public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                            cancelPermissionDialog();
                        }
                    })
                    .create();
        }
        alertDialog.show();
    }

    private void cancelPermissionDialog() {
        alertDialog.cancel();
    }

    //讀取位置信息
    protected void getLocation() {
        String provider = null;
        LocationManager service = (LocationManager) getSystemService(Context.LOCATION_SERVICE);
        List<String> providers = service.getProviders(true);//獲取所有可用的位置提供器

        if (providers.contains(LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER)) {
            //如果是GPS
            provider = LocationManager.GPS_PROVIDER;
        } else if (providers.contains(LocationManager.NETWORK_PROVIDER)) {
            //如果是Network
            provider = LocationManager.NETWORK_PROVIDER;
        } else {
            Intent i = new Intent();
            i.setAction(Settings.ACTION_LOCATION_SOURCE_SETTINGS);
            startActivity(i);
        }

        //再次確認權限
        if (checkSelfPermission(Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED
                && checkSelfPermission(ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
            return;
        }
        //監視地理位置變化
        service.requestLocationUpdates(provider, 3000, 1, new LocationListener() {

            //當座標改變時觸發此函數，如果Provider傳進相同的座標，它就不會被觸發
            @Override
            public void onLocationChanged(Location location) {
                if (location != null) {
                    //不爲空,顯示地理位置經緯度
                    Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "經度：" + location.getLongitude() + "\n緯度：" + location.getLatitude() + "", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                }
            }

            // Provider的狀態在可用、暫時不可用和無服務三個狀態直接切換時觸發此函數
            @Override
            public void onStatusChanged(String provider, int status, Bundle extras) {

            }

            // Provider被enable時觸發此函數，比如GPS被打開
            @Override
            public void onProviderEnabled(String provider) {

            }

            // Provider被disable時觸發此函數，比如GPS被關閉
            @Override
            public void onProviderDisabled(String provider) {

            }
        });
        Location location = service.getLastKnownLocation(provider);
        TextView textView = findViewById(R.id.txt);
        if (location != null) {
            Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "經度：" + location.getLongitude() + "\n緯度：" + location.getLatitude() + "", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
            textView.setText("經度：" + location.getLongitude() + "\n緯度：" + location.getLatitude());
        } else {
            textView.setText("獲取經緯度失敗！");
        }
    }

}