C# 使用SerialPort控件用類及線程實現串口通信

using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.ComponentModel; using System.Data; using System.Drawing; using System.Text; using System.Windows.Forms; using System.IO.Ports; using System.Threading; namespace TestSerialPort { public partial class frmTESTSerialPort : Form { public frmTESTSerialPort() { InitializeComponent(); Control.CheckForIllegalCrossThreadCalls = false; } private Button button1; private TextBox txtSend; private TextBox txtReceive; private Label label1; private Label label2; /// <summary> /// 必需的設計器變量。 /// </summary> private System.ComponentModel.IContainer components = null; /// <summary> /// 清理所有正在使用的資源。 /// </summary> /// <param name="disposing">如果應釋放託管資源，爲 true；否則爲 false。</param> protected override void Dispose(bool disposing) { if (disposing && (components != null)) { components.Dispose(); } base.Dispose(disposing); } #region Windows 窗體設計器生成的代碼 /// <summary> /// 設計器支持所需的方法 - 不要 /// 使用代碼編輯器修改此方法的內容。 /// </summary> private void InitializeComponent() { this.button1 = new System.Windows.Forms.Button(); this.txtSend = new System.Windows.Forms.TextBox(); this.txtReceive = new System.Windows.Forms.TextBox(); this.label1 = new System.Windows.Forms.Label(); this.label2 = new System.Windows.Forms.Label(); this.SuspendLayout(); // // button1 // this.button1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(440, 379); this.button1.Name = "button1"; this.button1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(75, 23); this.button1.TabIndex = 0; this.button1.Text = "發送"; this.button1.UseVisualStyleBackColor = true; this.button1.Click += new System.EventHandler(this.button1_Click); // // txtSend // this.txtSend.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(59, 12); this.txtSend.Multiline = true; this.txtSend.Name = "txtSend"; this.txtSend.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(456, 164); this.txtSend.TabIndex = 2; // // txtReceive // this.txtReceive.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(59, 200); this.txtReceive.Multiline = true; this.txtReceive.Name = "txtReceive"; this.txtReceive.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(456, 164); this.txtReceive.TabIndex = 2; // // label1 // this.label1.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(13, 15); this.label1.Name = "label1"; this.label1.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(41, 12); this.label1.TabIndex = 0; this.label1.Text = "發送"; // // label2 // this.label2.Location = new System.Drawing.Point(13, 213); this.label2.Name = "label2"; this.label2.Size = new System.Drawing.Size(41, 12); this.label2.TabIndex = 0; this.label2.Text = "接收"; // // frmTESTSerialPort // this.AutoScaleDimensions = new System.Drawing.SizeF(6F, 12F); this.AutoScaleMode = System.Windows.Forms.AutoScaleMode.Font; this.ClientSize = new System.Drawing.Size(546, 434); this.Controls.Add(this.label2); this.Controls.Add(this.label1); this.Controls.Add(this.txtReceive); this.Controls.Add(this.txtSend); this.Controls.Add(this.button1); this.Name = "frmTESTSerialPort"; this.Text = "串口試驗"; this.ResumeLayout(false); this.PerformLayout(); } #endregion private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { //實例化串口對象(默認：COMM1,9600,e,8,1) SerialPort serialPort1 = new SerialPort(); //更改參數 serialPort1.PortName = "COM1"; serialPort1.BaudRate = 19200; serialPort1.Parity = Parity.Odd; serialPort1.StopBits = StopBits.Two; //上述步驟可以用在實例化時調用SerialPort類的重載構造函數 //SerialPort serialPort = new SerialPort("COM1", 19200, Parity.Odd, StopBits.Two); //打開串口(打開串口後不能修改端口名,波特率等參數,修改參數要在串口關閉後修改) serialPort1.Open(); //發送數據 SendStringData(serialPort1); //也可用字節的形式發送數據 //SendBytesData(serialPort1); //開啓接收數據線程 ReceiveData(serialPort1); } //發送字符串數據 private void SendStringData(SerialPort serialPort) { serialPort.Write(txtSend.Text); } /// <summary> /// 開啓接收數據線程 /// </summary> private void ReceiveData(SerialPort serialPort) { //同步阻塞接收數據線程 Thread threadReceive=new Thread(new ParameterizedThreadStart(SynReceiveData)); threadReceive.Start(serialPort); //也可用異步接收數據線程 //Thread threadReceiveSub = new Thread(new ParameterizedThreadStart(AsyReceiveData)); //threadReceiveSub.Start(serialPort); } //發送二進制數據 private void SendBytesData(SerialPort serialPort) { byte[] bytesSend=System.Text.Encoding.Default.GetBytes(txtSend.Text ); serialPort.Write(bytesSend, 0, bytesSend.Length); } //同步阻塞讀取 private void SynReceiveData(object serialPortobj) { SerialPort serialPort = (SerialPort)serialPortobj; System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(0); serialPort.ReadTimeout = 1000; try { //阻塞到讀取數據或超時(這裏爲2秒) byte firstByte=Convert.ToByte(serialPort.ReadByte()); int bytesRead=serialPort.BytesToRead ; byte[] bytesData=new byte[bytesRead+1]; bytesData[0] = firstByte; for (int i = 1; i <=bytesRead; i++) bytesData = Convert.ToByte( serialPort.ReadByte()); txtReceive.Text = System.Text.Encoding.Default.GetString(bytesData); } catch(Exception e) { MessageBox.Show(e.Message); //處理超時錯誤 } serialPort.Close(); } //異步讀取 private void AsyReceiveData(object serialPortobj) { SerialPort serialPort = (SerialPort)serialPortobj; System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(500); try { txtReceive.Text = serialPort.ReadExisting(); } catch (Exception e) { MessageBox.Show(e.Message); //處理錯誤 } serialPort.Close(); } } static class Program { /// <summary> /// 應用程序的主入口點。 /// </summary> [STAThread] static void Main() { Application.EnableVisualStyles(); Application.SetCompatibleTextRenderingDefault(false); Application.Run(new frmTESTSerialPort()); } } }

SerialPort 類：

(以下是附加同步和異步線程)

 

using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Text; using System.IO.Ports; using System.ComponentModel; using System.Threading; namespace Cserver { class ToCom { priva using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Text; using System.IO.Ports; using System.ComponentModel; using System.Threading; namespace Cserver { class ToCom { private System.IO.Ports.SerialPort serialPort1 = new SerialPort(); public delegate byte[] getDate(byte[] bts); private getDate mygetDate; private string com; public ToCom(string com) { this.com = com; serialPort1.PortName = com; //端口號 serialPort1.BaudRate = 9600; //比特率 serialPort1.Parity = Parity.None;//奇偶校驗 serialPort1.StopBits = StopBits.One;//停止位 serialPort1.ReadTimeout = 1000; //讀超時，即在1000內未讀到數據就引起超時異常 } #region 發送接收數據 public void SendMsg(string senStr) { serialPort1.Open(); byte[] myByte = StringToByte_2(senStr); serialPort1.Write(myByte, 0, myByte.Length); serialPort1.Close(); } public string ReadMsg() { serialPort1.Open(); string rd="null "; #region 讀數據老方法 ////------------mothed1---- //int i = serialPort1.ReadBufferSize; // byte[] data = Convert.FromBase64String(serialPort1.ReadLine()); // rd = Encoding.Unicode.GetString(data); // // mothed2 //int DataLength = serialPort1.BytesToRead; //int i = 0; //StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); //while (i < DataLength) //{ // byte[] ds = new byte[1024]; // int len = serialPort1.Read(ds, 0, 1024); // // sb.Append(Encoding.ASCII.GetString(ds, 0, len)); // sb.Append(ByteToString(ds)); // i += len; //} // // mothed2 //byte[] data= new byte[serialPort1.BytesToRead]; //int i = serialPort1.Read(data, 0, serialPort1.BytesToRead); //rd = ByteToString(data); #endregion // mothed3 byte[] data = new byte[serialPort1.BytesToRead]; int i = serialPort1.Read(data, 0, serialPort1.BytesToRead); rd = ByteToString(data); return rd; } // string getdate(byte[]) public void Sp_DataReceived(object sender, System.IO.Ports.SerialDataReceivedEventArgs e) { byte[] readBuffer = new byte[serialPort1.ReadBufferSize]; serialPort1.Read(readBuffer, 0, readBuffer.Length); //this.Invoke(interfaceUpdataHandle, new string[] { Encoding.UTF8.GetString(readBuffer) }); // this.Invoke(interfaceUpdataHandle, new string[] { ToCom.ByteToString(readBuffer) }); string s = ToCom.ByteToString(readBuffer); } #endregion /// <summary> /// 串口讀(非阻塞方式讀串口，直到串口緩衝區中沒有數據 /// </summary> /// <param name="readBuf">串口數據緩衝 </param> /// <param name="bufRoom">串口數據緩衝空間大小 </param> /// <param name="HowTime">設置串口讀放棄時間 </param> /// <param name="ByteTime">字節間隔最大時間 </param> /// <returns>串口實際讀入數據個數 </returns> public int ReadComm(out Byte[] readBuf, int bufRoom, int HowTime, int ByteTime) { //throw new System.NotImplementedException(); readBuf = new Byte[64]; Array.Clear(readBuf, 0, readBuf.Length); int nReadLen, nBytelen; if (serialPort1.IsOpen == false) return -1; nBytelen = 0; serialPort1.ReadTimeout = HowTime; try { readBuf[nBytelen] = (byte)serialPort1.ReadByte(); byte[] bTmp = new byte[1023]; Array.Clear(bTmp, 0, bTmp.Length); nReadLen = ReadBlock(out bTmp, bufRoom - 1, ByteTime); if (nReadLen > 0) { Array.Copy(bTmp, 0, readBuf, 1, nReadLen); nBytelen = 1 + nReadLen; } else if (nReadLen == 0) nBytelen = 1; } catch (Exception ex) { throw new Exception(ex.Message); } return nBytelen; } /// <summary> /// 串口同步讀(阻塞方式讀串口，直到串口緩衝區中沒有數據,靠字符間間隔超時確定沒有數據) /// </summary> /// <param name="ReadBuf">串口數據緩衝 </param> /// <param name="ReadRoom">串口數據緩衝空間大小 </param> /// <param name="ByteTime">字節間隔最大時間 </param> /// <returns>從串口實際讀入的字節個數 </returns> public int ReadBlock(out byte[] ReadBuf, int ReadRoom, int ByteTime) { //throw new System.NotImplementedException(); ReadBuf = new byte[1024]; Array.Clear(ReadBuf, 0, ReadBuf.Length); sbyte nBytelen; //long nByteRead; if (serialPort1.IsOpen == false) return 0; nBytelen = 0; serialPort1.ReadTimeout = ByteTime; while (nBytelen < (ReadRoom - 1)) { try { ReadBuf[nBytelen] = (byte)serialPort1.ReadByte(); nBytelen++; // add one } catch (Exception ex) { throw new Exception( ex.Message); break; } } ReadBuf[nBytelen] = 0x00; return nBytelen; } /// <summary> /// 字符數組轉字符串16進制 /// </summary> /// <param name="InBytes"> 二進制字節 </param> /// <returns>類似"01 02 0F" </returns> public static string ByteToString(byte[] InBytes) { string StringOut = ""; foreach (byte InByte in InBytes) { StringOut = StringOut + String.Format("{0:X2}", InByte) + " "; } return StringOut.Trim(); } /// <summary> /// strhex 轉字節數組 /// </summary> /// <param name="InString">類似"01 02 0F" 用空格分開的 </param> /// <returns> </returns> public static byte[] StringToByte(string InString) { string[] ByteStrings; ByteStrings = InString.Split(" ".ToCharArray()); byte[] ByteOut; ByteOut = new byte[ByteStrings.Length]; for (int i = 0; i <= ByteStrings.Length - 1; i++) { ByteOut[i] = byte.Parse(ByteStrings[i], System.Globalization.NumberStyles.HexNumber); } return ByteOut; } /// <summary> /// strhex 轉字節數組 /// </summary> /// <param name="InString">類似"01 02 0F" 中間無空格 </param> /// <returns> </returns> public static byte[] StringToByte_2(string InString) { byte[] ByteOut; InString = InString.Replace(" ",""); try { string[] ByteStrings = new string[InString.Length/2]; int j = 0; for (int i = 0; i < ByteStrings.Length ; i++) { ByteStrings[i] = InString.Substring(j,2); j += 2; } ByteOut = new byte[ByteStrings.Length]; for (int i = 0; i <= ByteStrings.Length - 1; i++) { ByteOut[i] = byte.Parse(ByteStrings[i], System.Globalization.NumberStyles.HexNumber); } } catch (Exception ex) { throw new Exception(ex.Message); } return ByteOut; } /// <summary> /// 字符串 轉16進制字符串 /// </summary> /// <param name="InString">unico </param> /// <returns>類似“01 0f” </returns> public static string Str_To_0X(string InString) { return ByteToString (UnicodeEncoding.Default.GetBytes(InString)); } } }