ubuntu linux命令行發送郵件 heirloom-mailx

1，安裝mailutils

• 系統

 cat /etc/issue
Ubuntu 18.04.4 LTS \n \l

apt install -y mailutils

2，mailutils配置

cat /usr/share/doc/mailutils/examples/mail.rc

3，發送郵件

• 發送郵件報錯

# echo "This is the mail body" | mail -s "Subject" 郵箱
mail: cannot send message: Process exited with a non-zero status

• 查看日誌

# tail /var/log/mail.err
May 22 15:52:21 zj01 postfix/sendmail[102701]: fatal: open /etc/postfix/main.cf: No such file or directory
May 22 16:34:18 zj01 postfix/sendmail[113790]: fatal: open /etc/postfix/main.cf: No such file or directory

4，安裝postfix

apt-get install postfix

5，安裝heirloom-mailx

• 添加源

# vim /etc/apt/sources.list
deb http://cz.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial main universe

# apt update
# apt install heirloom-mailx -y

5.1，配置heirloom-mailx

• vim /etc/s-nail.rc添加到配置文件末尾
• 使用網易郵箱，郵箱開啓POP3/SMTP/IMAP服務

set from="網易郵箱@163.com"
set smtp="smtps://smtp.163.com:465"
set smtp-auth-user="網易郵箱@163.com"
set smtp-auth-password="授權碼"
set smtp-auth=login

• 測試

echo "郵件內容" | s-nail  -s "郵件主題" QQ郵箱@qq.com

• 測試成功
  

• 報錯

s-nail: smtp-server: 554 DT:SPM 163 smtp9,DcCowADH0GhpEdFeEW2WDg--.437S2 1590759786,please see http://mail.163.com/help/help_spam_16.htm?ip=223.247.87.181&hostid=smtp9&time=1590759786
/root/dead.letter 13/382
... message not sent

• 需要安裝mailutils，成功發送測試郵件

# apt install -y mailutils

6，關閉郵件提示

• 終端會有郵件提示

您在 /var/mail/root 中有新郵件

• mail查看郵件

# mail
"/var/mail/root": 14 messages 14 new
>N   1 Cron Daemon        六 5月 30 00:0  23/958   Cron <root@zj> /bin/bash /root/mail.sh

• 關閉提示

echo "unset MAILCHECK" >> /etc/profile

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參考：

1. mail: 在linux上通過命令行發送郵件
2. Linux 命令行發送郵件的 5 種方法
3. ubuntu18.04 heirloom-mailx 通過外部SMTP服務器發送郵件
4. 禁止系統檢查郵件