import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
fig = plt.figure()
ax1 = fig.add_subplot(431)
ax2 = fig.add_subplot(432)
ax3 = fig.add_subplot(433)
ax4 = fig.add_subplot(434)
ax5 = fig.add_subplot(435)
ax6 = fig.add_subplot(436)
ax7 = fig.add_subplot(437)
ax8 = fig.add_subplot(438)
ax9 = fig.add_subplot(439)
"""1、線"""
x = np.linspace(0,np.pi)
y_sin = np.sin(x)
y_cos = np.cos(x)
ax1.plot(x,y_cos,color='red',linewidth=2,markersize=12,marker='+',linestyle='dashed')
ax1.set(title='line')
"""2、點"""
x2=np.arange(10)
x2=np.random.randn(10)
ax2.scatter(x2,x2,color='red',edgecolor='yellow',marker='*')
ax2.set(title='points')
"""3、條狀圖"""
np.random.seed(1) #每次運行代碼時設置相同的seed，則每次生成的隨機數也相同，如果不設置seed，則每次生成的隨機數都會不一樣。
x3=np.arange(5)
y3=np.random.randn(5) #隨機數、正態分佈
vert_bars=ax3.bar(x3,y3,color='lightblue',align='center')
horiz_bars=ax4.barh(x3,y3,color='lightblue',align='center')
for bar, height in zip(vert_bars, y3):
if height < 0:
bar.set(edgecolor='darkred', color='red', linewidth=3)
for bar, height in zip(horiz_bars, y3):
if height < 0:
bar.set(edgecolor='darkred', color='red', linewidth=3)
ax3.axhline(0,color='grey',linewidth=2)
ax3.set(title='vert')
ax4.axvline(0,color='grey',linewidth=2)
ax4.set(title='horiz')
"""4、直方圖"""
np.random.seed(19680801)
n_bins=10
x4=np.random.randn(100,3)
colors=['red','tan','lime']
#參數中density控制Y軸是概率還是數量，與返回的第一個的變量對應。
# histtype控制着直方圖的樣式，默認是 ‘bar’，即ax5；‘barstacked’ 就是疊在一起，即ax6
ax5.hist(x4,n_bins,density=True,histtype='bar',color=colors,label=colors)
ax5.legend(prop={'size':10})
ax5.set(title='bars with legend')
ax6.hist(x4,n_bins,density=True,histtype='barstacked',color=colors,label=colors)
ax6.legend(prop={'size':10})
ax6.set(title='stacked bar')
ax7.hist(x4,histtype='barstacked',rwidth=0.9) #rwidth 控制着寬度，這樣可以空出一些間隙
"""5、餅圖"""
labels='A','B','C','D'
sizes=[15,30,45,10]
explode = (0,0,0.1,0) ## 偏移,突出
ax8.pie(sizes,labels=labels,autopct='%1.1f%%',shadow=True)
ax8.axis('equal')
#autopct=%1.1f%%表示格式化百分比精確輸出，explode，突出某些塊，不同的值突出的效果不一樣。pctdistance=1.12百分比距離圓心的距離，默認是0.6.
#從90度開始畫圖，標籤，逆時針
ax9.pie(sizes,labels=labels,autopct='%1.1f%%',shadow=False,startangle=90,explode=explode,pctdistance=1.12)
ax9.axis('equal')
"""6、箱形圖"""
ax1.boxplot(data)
ax2.boxplot(data2,vert=False) #控制反向
"""7、泡泡圖"""
np.random.seed(19680801)
N = 50
x7 = np.random.rand(N)
y7 = np.random.rand(N)
colors = np.random.rand(N)
area = 5*(30 * np.random.rand(N)**2)
ax1.scatter(x7,y7,s=area,c=colors)
"""8.等高線"""
x8 = np.arange(-5,5,0.1)
y8 = np.arange(-5,5,0.1)
xx,yy = np.meshgrid(x8,y8,sparse=True)
z = np.sin(xx**2 + yy**2) / (xx**2 + yy**2)
ax3.contourf(x8,y8,z)
ax4.contour(x8,y8,z)
plt.show()
