python 使用protobuf

1. 首先安裝google 和 protobuf

pip install google
pip install protobuf

2. 配置protobuf文件

以我最近使用的頭條DMP包配置文件爲例, 文件名 toutiao_dmp.proto

syntax="proto2";
package toutiao.dmp;
option java_outer_classname = "DmpDataProto";
message DmpData { //上傳文件每行一個base64編碼的字符串，每個字符串包含一個完整的DmpData消息二進制字節串
  repeated IdItem idList         = 1; // 每行數據包含的idList大小不能超過10000

}
message IdItem {
    optional uint32 timestamp  = 1;  //若不設置，默認以上傳文件的創建時間爲此條記錄的創建時間
    required DataType dataType = 2;  //指定此id的類型，如IMEI、IDFA等
    required string id         = 3;  //根據dataType字段的類型，放置對應類型的id的字符串，需要小寫
    repeated string tags       = 4;  //標識此id的業務標籤字符串
    enum DataType {
        IMEI               = 0;
        IDFA               = 1;
        UID                = 2;
        IMEI_MD5           = 4;
        IDFA_MD5           = 5;
        MOBILE_HASH_SHA256 = 6;
    }
}

3. 根據配置文件 生成protobuf python文件

到protobuf文件目錄下 執行

protoc --python_out=. toutiao_dmp.proto

4. 生成protobuf文件

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

import time
import base64
import toutiao_dmp_pb2  # 由pb文件生成的python代碼, 使用Protocol Buffer2
import argparse
import zipfile
import os


def pb2(data, file_type, timestamp, target_file_name):
    target_file = open(target_file_name, 'a+')

    dmp_data = toutiao_dmp_pb2.DmpData()
    for (i, line) in enumerate(data):
        exec('id_item{}={}'.format(i, 'dmp_data.idList.add()'))
        if file_type == '0':
            exec ('id_item{}.dataType={}'.format(i, toutiao_dmp_pb2.IdItem.IMEI))
        elif file_type == '1':
            exec ('id_item{}.dataType={}'.format(i, toutiao_dmp_pb2.IdItem.IDFA))
        elif file_type == '2':
            exec ('id_item{}.dataType={}'.format(i, toutiao_dmp_pb2.IdItem.UID))
        elif file_type == '4':
            exec ('id_item{}.dataType={}'.format(i, toutiao_dmp_pb2.IdItem.IMEI_MD5))
        elif file_type == '5':
            exec ('id_item{}.dataType={}'.format(i, toutiao_dmp_pb2.IdItem.IDFA_MD5))
        elif file_type == '6':
            exec ('id_item{}.dataType={}'.format(i, toutiao_dmp_pb2.IdItem.MOBILE_HASH_SHA256))
        else:
            continue
        exec ('id_item{}.id= "{}"'.format(i, line))
        exec ('id_item{}.timestamp={}'.format(i, timestamp))

    binary_string = dmp_data.SerializeToString()
    result_string = base64.b64encode(binary_string)
    target_file.write(result_string)
    target_file.write('\n')
    target_file.close()


def zip_files(file, zip_name):
    zip = zipfile.ZipFile(zip_name, 'w', zipfile.ZIP_DEFLATED)
    zip.write(file)
    zip.close()


def main(file, type):
    line_cnt = 1
    timestamp = int(time.time())
    target_file_name = 'toutiao_dmp_' + str(timestamp)

    data = []
    with open(file, 'r') as f:
        for line in f:
            line_cnt += 1
            data.append(line.strip())
            if line_cnt % 99999 == 0:
                data = []
                pb2(data, type, timestamp, target_file_name)
    pb2(data, type, timestamp, target_file_name)

    zip_files(target_file_name, target_file_name + '.zip')

    os.remove(target_file_name)

    return target_file_name + '.zip'


if __name__ == '__main__':
    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(u"頭條dmp工具")
    parser.add_argument('-f', '--file', default='')
    parser.add_argument('-t', '--type', default='')
    args = parser.parse_args()
    main(args.file, args.type)

5. 校驗

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import base64
import chardet
import codecs
import zipfile
import sys
import re
import toutiao_dmp_pb2
PATTERNS = {
    0: u'^[a-zA-Z0-9]{15}$',
    1: u'^[a-zA-Z0-9]{8}-[a-zA-Z0-9]{4}-[a-zA-Z0-9]{4}-[a-zA-Z0-9]{4}-[a-zA-Z0-9]{12}$',
    2: u'^\d+$',
    3: u'^1[34578]{1}\d{9}$',
    4: u'^[a-zA-Z0-9]{32}$',
    5: u'^[a-zA-Z0-9]{32}$',
    6: u'^[a-fA-F0-9]{64}$',
}
def validate_id_format(data_type, id_data):
    reg_pattern = PATTERNS.get(data_type)
    if reg_pattern:
        return re.match(reg_pattern, id_data) is not None
    else:
        return False
def main():
    zip_file = zipfile.ZipFile('/Users/wangzhongjie/Desktop/toutiao/dmp/toutiao_dmp_1572525899.zip')
    valid_num = 0
    invalid_num = 0
    for inside_file in zip_file.namelist():
        with zip_file.open(inside_file, 'rU') as f:
             encoding = chardet.detect(f.peek()).get('encoding')
             print encoding
             decoded_file = codecs.iterdecode(f, encoding, errors='ignore')
             for data_line in decoded_file:
                 data_line = data_line.strip()
                 data_line = base64.b64decode(data_line)
                 dmp_data = toutiao_dmp_pb2.DmpData()
                 dmp_data.ParseFromString(data_line)
                 for id_item in dmp_data.idList:
                     if not validate_id_format(id_item.dataType, id_item.id):
                         # print 'invaild item:',
                         # print id_item
                         invalid_num += 1
                     else:
                         # print 'vaild item:',
                         # print id_item
                         valid_num +=1
    print 'valid_num: %s' % valid_num
    print 'invalid_num: %s' % invalid_num
if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()