由於之前是一直用的機械硬盤裝的ubuntu但是用着用着就覺得很不爽於是就想着怎麼把根分區給遷移到SSD上去
看我的分區表
sudo blkid
/dev/sda1: LABEL="PQSERVICE" UUID="02B63AC7B63ABB4D" TYPE="ntfs"
/dev/sda2: UUID="5b3d83b0-22e9-4110-a106-91d2d7f54f11" TYPE="ext4"
/dev/sda5: UUID="6BC4865D227512DA" TYPE="ntfs"
/dev/sda6: UUID="66816FE62F9835F3" TYPE="ntfs"
/dev/sda7: UUID="2feae2ed-2e8b-470c-ac82-182fb95feb6b" TYPE="ext4"
/dev/sda8: UUID="704dd102-30d4-4df6-b8e6-9fa2ea70f477" TYPE="ext4"
/dev/sda9: UUID="0c962b35-5c39-4f65-a273-911826b04c27" TYPE="ext4"
/dev/sda10: UUID="d1e7b415-6ade-492c-b510-3b322f8805fc" TYPE="swap"
/dev/sda11: UUID="aa52495d-3b24-449c-845c-b71177a44ce3" TYPE="ext4"
/dev/sda12: LABEL="M-hM-=M-/M-dM-;M-6M-gM-^[M-^X" UUID="4EC83DAC71F8C83B" TYPE="ntfs"
/dev/sdb1: LABEL="M-gM-3M-;M-gM-;M-^_M-gM-^[M-^X" UUID="D27A4B147A4AF52F" TYPE="ntfs"
/dev/sdb2: LABEL="SSD_for_Linux" UUID="f23fad76-a75f-4e7b-a402-c536d25bb920" TYPE="ext4"
之前是/dev/sda2: UUID="5b3d83b0-22e9-4110-a106-91d2d7f54f11" TYPE="ext4"作爲根分區
ok製作好livecd，開機F12 進入快速啓動選擇剛剛的livecd進入之後選擇試用ubuntu
進入之後打開終端 sudo passwd設置新的root密碼
現在設置好root密碼了，好的
接下我是將/dev/sda2 的根分區 遷移到/dev/sdb2
首先掛載兩個分區
sudo mkdir /mnt/sda2
sudo mkdir /mnt/sdb2
sudo mount /dev/sda2 /mnt/sda2
sudo mount /dev/sdb2 /mnt/sdb2
現在掛載好了，接下來就將sda2的數據原封不動的拷貝到sdb2
sudo cp -ax /mnt/sda2/* /mnt/sdb2/*
一定要注意的是必須加上這個ax參數，否則的話，複製到新的分區後，所有文件的擁有者都會變成root，那麻煩可就大了，而cp命令的ax參數可以阻止這樣的事情發生，它會把所有的文件權限按原樣複製好。
複製好了之後就要修改grub2的配置了，我這裏的grub2是單獨的分區的掛載到/boot的
由於開機時是grub2引導根分區的所以在裏面要修改跟分區的uuid
lxiang@lxiang-Aspire-5750G:~$ df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sdb2 49G 11G 36G 23% /
none 4.0K 0 4.0K 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
udev 1.9G 8.0K 1.9G 1% /dev
tmpfs 1.9G 15M 1.9G 1% /tmp
tmpfs 381M 832K 380M 1% /run
none 5.0M 0 5.0M 0% /run/lock
none 1.9G 80K 1.9G 1% /run/shm
none 100M 40K 100M 1% /run/user
tmpfs 1.9G 724K 1.9G 1% /var/log
tmpfs 1.9G 36K 1.9G 1% /var/tmp
/dev/sda7 270M 64M 189M 26% /boot
/dev/sdb1 70G 47G 24G 67% /media/C
/dev/sda5 389G 303G 86G 78% /media/E
/dev/sda6 324G 191G 134G 59% /media/F
/dev/sda11 79G 11G 65G 15% /home
/dev/sda9 38G 26G 10G 73% /home/lxiang/data
掛載sda7分區到/mnt/boot
sudo gedit /mnt/boot/grub/grub.cfg
將
--set=root 5b3d83b0-22e9-4110-a106-91d2d7f54f11 (sda2 uuid)源根分區
改爲 -set=root 704dd102-30d4-4df6-b8e6-9fa2ea70f477 (sdb2 uuid)目標根分區
有好幾處這樣的，不過樓主都改了的。
這裏修改好了之後就是配置/etc/fstab
中的內容了同理將uuid 以前的改爲現在sdb2的uuid
樓主配置好的fstab如# <file system> <mount point> <type> <options> <dump> <pass>
# / was on /dev/sdb2 during installation noatime,nodiratime,discard</span> for SSD
UUID=f23fad76-a75f-4e7b-a402-c536d25bb920 / ext4 noatime,nodiratime,discard,errors=remount-ro 0 1
# /boot was on /dev/sda7 during installation
UUID=2feae2ed-2e8b-470c-ac82-182fb95feb6b /boot ext4 defaults 0 2
# /home was on /dev/sda11 during installation
UUID=aa52495d-3b24-449c-845c-b71177a44ce3 /home ext4 defaults 0 2
# /usr was on /dev/sda8 during installation
#UUID=704dd102-30d4-4df6-b8e6-9fa2ea70f477 /usr ext4 defaults 0 2
# swap was on /dev/sda10 during installation
UUID=d1e7b415-6ade-492c-b510-3b322f8805fc none swap sw 0 0
UUID=0c962b35-5c39-4f65-a273-911826b04c27 /home/lxiang/data ext4 defaults 0 2
#Windows C D E F
#UUID=000BC1B0000104D6 /media/D ntfs defaults 0 0
UUID=D27A4B147A4AF52F /media/C ntfs defaults 0 0
UUID=6BC4865D227512DA /media/E ntfs defaults 0 0
UUID=66816FE62F9835F3 /media/F ntfs defaults 0 0
#test for ssd
tmpfs /tmp tmpfs defaults,noatime,nodiratime,mode=1777 0 0
tmpfs /var/log tmpfs defaults,noatime,mode=1777 0 0
tmpfs /var/tmp tmpfs defaults,noatime,mode=1777 0 0
紅色部分是爲了ssd的優化而添加的
接下來是/etc/rc.local
echo 300 > /sys/class/backlight/intel_backlight/brightness
exit 0
echo noop > /sys/block/sdb/queue/scheduler
echo 1 > /sys/block/sdb/queue/iosched/fifo_batch
echo 50 > /proc/sys/vm/dirty_ratio
echo 10 > /proc/sys/vm/dirty_background_ratio
echo 6000 > /proc/sys/vm/dirty_expire_centisecs
echo 30000 > /proc/sys/vm/dirty_writeback_centisecs
ln -sf /run/lock /var/lock
ln -sf /tmp/.viminfo .
紅色部分是針對SSD的優化而配置的
具體的SSD 優化請參照
http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2013-04/83337.htm
測試一下SSD
lxiang@lxiang-Aspire-5750G:~$ sudo hdparm -Tt /dev/sdb2
/dev/sdb2:
Timing cached reads: 11252 MB in 1.99 seconds = 5641.82 MB/sec
Timing buffered disk reads: 1528 MB in 3.00 seconds = 508.92 MB/sec
ok 就這樣大工告成