前面轉載的一篇文章是介紹物理standby異構平臺使用的，這裏看到一份比較全的包括物理和邏輯standby的文章，原文地址如下：
http://www.askmaclean.com/archives/dataguard-support-heterogeneous-platform.html
DataGuard對主備庫異構平臺的支持一直是讓很多人糾結的問題，我們在學習Oracle數據衛士時必要優先閱讀的官方文檔是<Oracle Data Guard Concepts and Administration 10g Release 2>，在這個文檔中給出了極爲苛刻的硬件環境限制條件:
All members of a Data Guard configuration must run an Oracle image that is built for the same platform. For example, this means a Data Guard configuration with a primary database on a 32-bit Linux on Intel system can have a standby database that is configured on a 32-bit Linux on Intel system. However, a primary database on a 64-bit HP-UX system can also be configured with a standby database on a 32-bit HP-UX system, as long as both servers are running 32-bit images.
以上主要提出了2點要求：即平臺(platform)和字長(word size)都必須一致，注意這裏不管是physical standby還是logical standby都要求遵守。
官方文檔這樣撰寫的原因是Oracle並不推薦用戶在異構平臺上搭建DataGuard，如果有用戶大量地部署異構平臺上的DataGuard可能給後續的服務和支持帶來麻煩；所以除非是找不到其他可用的硬件了，否則不推薦採用異構平臺搭建的DataGuard環境來提供高可用性。
實際情況是在10g中已經有少數幾個異構平臺組合可以兼容physical standby或logical standby，而在11g中更增加了對physical standby支持的幾種異構平臺組合(As of Oracle Database 11g Data Guard provides increased flexibility for Data Guard configurations in which the primary and standby systems may have different CPU architectures, operating systems (for example, Windows & Linux), operating system binaries (32-bit/64-bit), or Oracle database binaries (32-bit/64-bit). For specific information about mixed-platform support, see the My Oracle Support note 413484.1)。
具體10g/11g DataGuard可以利用的異構平臺組合，見下列圖表:
| 10g | Physical Standby | Logical Standby |
| Heterogeneous Support |
No | Win<->Linux Only |
| Different Word-size (32 / 64 bit) |
Win32<->Win64 Linux32<->Linux64 |
Win32->Win64
Linux32->Linux64 (1 way only) |
| Heterogeneous AND Word-size | No | No |
| 11g | Physical Standby | Logical Standby |
| Heterogeneous Support |
Win<–>Linux Solaris <–>AIX Solaris<–>Linux |
Win<->Linux Only |
| Different Word-size (32 / 64 bit) |
Win32<->Win64 Linux32<->Linux64 |
Win32->Win64 Linux32->Linux64 (1 way only) |
| Heterogeneous AND Word-size | Win32<->Linux64 | Win32->Linux64 (1 way only) |
而在metalink文檔<Data Guard Support for Heterogeneous Primary and Physical Standbys in Same Data Guard Configuration [ID 413484.1]>和<Data Guard Support for Heterogeneous Primary and Logical Standbys in Same Data Guard Configuration [ID 1085687.1]>中列出了更爲詳盡的平臺間的兼容信息，在這裏一併引用:
Physical Standbys
In addition to general support when using the same Oracle platform, Data Guard Redo Apply (physical standby) can support specific mixed Oracle Platform combinations. Oracle Platform IDs, platform names, and which combinations of platform ID(s) that can be combined to form a supported Data Guard configuration using Redo Apply are listed in the table below. Platform combinations not listed in the table below are not supported using Data Guard Redo Apply.
Table Notes
- Prior to Data Guard 11g, the Data Guard Broker did not support different word-size in the same Data Guard configuration, thus requiring management from the SQL*Plus command line for mixed word-size Data Guard configurations. This restriction is lifted from Data Guard 11g onward.
- Both primary and standby databases must be set at the same compatibility mode as the minimum release (if specified) in the table below.
- A standby database cannot be open read-only in any environment that has binary-level PL/SQL-related incompatibilities between primary and standby databases. Support Note 414043.1 is referenced in the table below for any platform combinations where this is the case (the note provides instructions for eliminating incompatibilities post role transition). It is possible to access a standby database in such environments in Oracle Database 11g by temporarily converting it to a Snapshot Standby database, or in Oracle Database 10g by opening the standby read/write as described in the Data Guard 10g Concepts and Administration guide: Using a Physical Standby Database for Read/Write Testing and Reporting. Both procedures require following the steps in note 414043.1 before making the database available to users.
- Please be sure to read Support Notes when referenced in the table below.
- RMAN generally supports instantiation of a physical standby database for the supported platform combinations. Please see Support Note 1079563.1 for details.
- Platforms in a supported combination may operate in either the primary or standby role.
- Enterprise Manager can not be used for standby database creation or other administrative functions in any configuration where PLATFORM_IDs are not identical. Oracle recommends using the Data Guard Broker command line interface (DGMGRL) to administer mixed platform combinations from Oracle Database 11g onward and SQL*Plus command line for configurations that pre-date Oracle Database 11g.
| PLATFORM_ID | PLATFORM_NAME Release name |
PLATFORM_IDs supported within the same Data Guard configuration when using Data Guard Redo Apply (Physical Standby) |
| 2 | Solaris[tm] OE (64-bit) Solaris Operating System (SPARC) (64-bit) |
2 6 – Oracle 11.2.0.2 onward, primary database must be non-RAC and non-TDE |
| 3 | HP-UX (64-bit) HP-UX PA-RISC |
3 4 – Oracle 10g onward, see Support Notes 395982.1 and 414043.1 |
| 4 | HP-UX IA (64-bit) HP-UX Itanium |
4 3 – Oracle 10g onward, see Support Notes 395982.1 and 414043.1 |
| 5 | HP Tru64 UNIX HP Tru64 UNIX |
5 |
| 6 | IBM AIX on POWER Systems (64-bit) | 2 – Oracle 11.2.0.2 onward, primary database must be non-RAC and non-TDE 6 |
| 7 | Microsoft Windows (32-bit) Microsoft Windows (x86) |
7 8, 12 – Oracle 10g onward, see Support Note 414043.1 10 – Oracle 11g onward 11, 13 – Oracle 11g onward, see Support Note 414043.1 |
| 8 | Microsoft Windows IA (64-bit) Microsoft Windows (64-bit Itanium) |
7 – Oracle 10g onward, see Support Note 414043.1 8 12 – Oracle 10g onward 11, 13 – Oracle 11g onward |
| 9 | IBM zSeries Based Linux z/Linux |
9 18 (64-bit zSeries only) |
| 10 | Linux (32-bit) Linux x86 |
7 – Oracle 11g onward 10 11, 13 – Oracle 10g onward, see Support Note 414043.1 |
| 11 | Linux IA (64-bit) Linux Itanium |
10 – Oracle 10g onward, see Support Note 414043.1 11 13 – Oracle 10g onward 7 – Oracle 11g onward, see Support Note 414043.1 8, 12 – Oracle 11g onward |
| 12 | Microsoft Windows 64-bit for AMD Microsoft Windows (x86-64) |
7 – Oracle 10g onward, see Support Note 414043.1 8 – Oracle 10g onward 12 11, 13 – Oracle 11g onward |
| 13 | Linux 64-bit for AMD Linux x86-64 |
7 – Oracle 11g onward, see Support Note 414043.1 10 – Oracle 10g onward, see Support Note 414043.1 11 – Oracle 10g onward 8, 12 – Oracle 11g onward 13 20 – Oracle 11g onward |
| 15 | HP Open VMS HP OpenVMS Alpha HP IA OpenVMS OpenVMS Itanium |
15 |
| 16 | Apple Mac OS Mac OS X Server |
16 |
| 17 | Solaris Operating System (x86) Solaris Operating System (x86) |
17 20 – Oracle 10g onward, see Support Note 414043.1 |
| 18 | IBM Power Based Linux Linux on Power |
9 (64-bit zSeries only) 18 |
| 20 | Solaris Operating System (AMD64) Solaris Operating System (x86-64) |
13 – Oracle 11g onward 17 – Oracle 10g onward, see Support Note 414043.1 20 |
Logical Standby
In addition to general support when using the same Oracle platform, Data Guard SQL Apply (logical standby) can support specific mixed Oracle Platform combinations as of Oracle Database 11g. Oracle Platform IDs, platform names, and which combinations of platform ID(s) that can be combined to form a supported Data Guard configuration using SQL Apply are listed in the table below. Platform combinations not listed in the table below are not supported using Data Guard SQL Apply.
Table Notes
- All mixed platform combinations for SQL Apply in the table below are supported from Oracle Database 11g onward.
- Prior to Data Guard Broker 11g, the Data Guard Broker did not support different word-size in the same Data Guard configuration, thus requiring all management from the SQL*Plus command line. This restriction is lifted from Data Guard 11g onward.
- Both primary and standby databases must be set at the same compatibility mode as the minimum release (if specified) in the table below.
- Please be sure to read Support Notes when referenced in the table below.
- RMAN generally supports instantiation of a physical standby database for the supported platform combinations. Please see Support Note 1079563.1 for details.
- Platforms in a supported combination may operate in either the primary or standby role unless otherwise specified.
- Enterprise Manager can not be used for standby database creation or other administrative functions in any configuration where PLATFORM_IDs are not identical. Oracle recommends using the Data Guard Broker command line interface (DGMGRL) to administer mixed platform combinations from Oracle Database 11g onward and SQL*Plus command line for configurations that pre-date Oracle Database 11g.
| PLATFORM_ID | PLATFORM_NAME Release name |
PLATFORM_IDs supported within the same Data Guard configuration when using Data Guard SQL Apply (Logical Standby) |
| 2 | Solaris[tm] OE (64-bit) Solaris Operating System (SPARC) (64-bit) |
2 |
| 3 | HP-UX (64-bit) HP-UX PA-RISC |
3, 4 |
| 4 | HP-UX IA (64-bit) HP-UX Itanium |
3, 4 |
| 5 | HP Tru64 UNIX HP Tru64 UNIX |
5 |
| 6 | AIX-Based Systems (64-bit) AIX5L |
6 |
| 7 | Microsoft Windows (32-bit) Microsoft Windows (x86) |
7, 10 8, 12 – Replication can only occur from a 32-bit primary to a 64-bit standby, once a role transition has promoted the 64-bit system to the primary role, the original 32-bit primary is not supported as a standby database. |
| 8 | Microsoft Windows IA (64-bit) Microsoft Windows (64-bit Itanium) |
7 – Replication can only occur from a 32-bit primary to a 64-bit standby, once a role transition has promoted the 64-bit system to the primary role, the original 32-bit primary is not supported as a standby database. 8, 11, 12, 13 |
| 9 | IBM zSeries Based Linux z/Linux |
9 |
| 10 | Linux (32-bit) Linux x86 |
7, 10 11, 13 – Replication can only occur from a 32-bit primary to a 64-bit standby, once a role transition has promoted the 64-bit system to the primary role, the original 32-bit primary is not supported as a standby database. |
| 11 | Linux IA (64-bit) Linux Itanium |
10 – Replication can only occur from a 32-bit primary to a 64-bit standby, once a role transition has promoted the 64-bit system to the primary role, the original 32-bit primary is not supported as a standby database. 8, 11, 13 |
| 12 | Microsoft Windows 64-bit for AMD Microsoft Windows (x86-64) |
7 – from Oracle 11g onward. Replication can only occur from a 32-bit primary to a 64-bit standby, once a role transition has promoted the 64-bit system to the primary role, the original 32-bit primary is not supported as a standby database. 8, 12 |
| 13 | Linux 64-bit for AMD Linux x86-64 |
10 - Replication can only occur from a 32-bit primary to a 64-bit standby, once a role transition has promoted the 64-bit system to the primary role, the original 32-bit primary is not supported as a standby database. 8, 11, 13 |
| 15 | HP Open VMS HP OpenVMS Alpha HP IA OpenVMS OpenVMS Itanium |
15 |
| 16 | Apple Mac OS Mac OS X Server |
16 |
| 17 | Solaris Operating System (x86) Solaris Operating System (x86) |
17 |
| 18 | IBM Power Based Linux Linux on Power |
18 |
| 20 | Solaris Operating System (AMD64) Solaris Operating System (x86-64) |
20 |
Reference:
<Cross Platform Database Migrations>-Owen Ireland
<Data Guard Support for Heterogeneous Primary and Physical Standbys in Same Data Guard Configuration [ID 413484.1]>