'''
得到當前頁面所有連接
'''
import requests
import re
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
from lxml import etree
from selenium import webdriver
url = 'http://www.ok226.com'
r = requests.get(url)
r.encoding = 'gb2312'
# 利用 re (太黃太暴力!)
matchs = re.findall(r"(?<=href=\").+?(?=\")|(?<=href=\').+?(?=\')" , r.text)
for link in matchs:
print(link)
print()
# 利用 BeautifulSoup4 (DOM樹)
soup = BeautifulSoup(r.text,'lxml')
for a in soup.find_all('a'):
link = a['href']
print(link)
print()
# 利用 lxml.etree (XPath)
tree = etree.HTML(r.text)
for link in tree.xpath("//@href"):
print(link)
print()
# 利用selenium(要開瀏覽器!)
driver = webdriver.Firefox()
driver.get(url)
for link in driver.find_elements_by_tag_name("a"):
print(link.get_attribute("href"))
driver.close()
注意:若頁面中含有 iframe,則 iframe 內所包含頁面的所有標籤都無法用以上四種方法獲得!!!此時則要:
# 再打開所有iframe查找全部的a標籤
for iframe in soup.find_all('iframe'):
url_ifr = iframe['src'] # 取得當前iframe的src屬性值
rr = requests.get(url_ifr)
rr.encoding = 'gb2312'
soup_ifr = BeautifulSoup(rr.text,'lxml')
for a in soup_ifr.find_all('a'):
link = a['href']
m = re.match(r'http:\/\/.*?(?=\/)',link)
#print(link)
if m:
all_urls.add(m.group(0))