1.什麼是SpringMVC？
①spring基本架構的一個組成部分。
②在實際開發中，接收瀏覽器的請求響應，對數據進行處理，然後返回頁面進行顯示。
2.環境搭建
1).導入jar
①spring-aop.jar
②spring-beans.jar
③spring-core.jar
④spring-context.jar
⑤spring-web.jar
⑥spring-webmvc.jar
⑦Commons-logging.jar
2).web.xml
我們知道springMVC的目的是取代servlet，當一個請求去請求servlet的時候，會到web.xml中去尋找url-pattern，而springMVC中我們需要去配置springDispatcherServlet，它的作用去指定請求路徑。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">
<display-name>SpringMVC-01</display-name>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
<!-- The front controller of this Spring Web application, responsible for handling all application requests -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springDispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<!-- springMVC配置文件路徑 -->
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<!-- Map all requests to the DispatcherServlet for handling -->
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springDispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
注意：加載springMVC的配置文件需要：
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
也可以不加此條配置，需要把SpringMVC的配置文件名字改成：springDispatcherServlet-servlet.xml，而且放在WEB-INF目錄下。
3).springmvc.xml
需要寫包掃描和視圖解析器。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.1.xsd">
<context:component-scan base-package="org.lee"></context:component-scan>
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/views/"></property>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
</bean>
</beans>
4).DemoController
@Controller
public class DemoController {
@RequestMapping("demoAction")
public String demo() {
return "success";
}
}
5).index.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<a href="demoAction">SpringMvc</a>
</body>
</html>
6).success.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
welcome to springmvc！
</body>
</html>
注意：
第五步中a標記中的demoAction就是第四步中@RequestMapping(“demoAction”)值。
第六步的success.jsp中的success就是對應第四步的return “success”中的success。
第四步的return “success”用的是請求轉發。