資源:http://www.asp.net/web-api/overview/testing-and-debugging/unit-testing-with-aspnet-web-api
本文講述的是爲Web API 2 app創建簡單的unit test。如何在solution中創建unit test,如何編寫用來檢查從controller方法中返回的值的test method(測試方法)。這裏展示的僅僅是簡單的數據場景,更多高級數據場景參考:ASP.NET Web API 2 - 模擬 EF(Entity Framework) 的Unit Testing。
創建Unit Test 項目
這裏有兩種方法:
-
創建包含Unit Test的app
-
在已存在的app中添加Unit Test
在solution上右鍵-> Add-> New Project-> Test-> Unit Test
創建Web API 2 app
在Models下添加Products.cs後,build這個solution。
public class Product
{
public int Id { get; set; }
public string Name { get; set; }
public decimal Price { get; set; }
}
在Controllers下添加ProductController public class ProductController : ApiController
{
List<Product> products = new List<Product>(); //Refer to as DataBase
public ProductController() { }
public ProductController(List<Product> products ) //The constructor enables Unit Test to pass test data
{
this.products = products;
}
public IEnumerable<Product> GetAllProducts()
{
return products;
}
public async Task<IEnumerable<Product>> GetAllProductAsync() //Async Used by Unit Test
{
return await Task.FromResult(GetAllProducts()); // Task.FromResult to minimize extraneous code
}
public IHttpActionResult GetProduct(int id)
{
var product = products.FirstOrDefault((p) => p.Id == id);
if (product == null)
{
return NotFound();
}
return Ok(product);
}
public async Task<IHttpActionResult> GetProductAsync(int id) //Async Used by Unit Test
{
return await Task.FromResult(GetProduct(id));
}
}
在Test中安裝NuGet 包
右鍵Test project-> Manage NuGet Package -> install "Microsoft ASP.NET Web API 2 Core"
創建Tests
默認Test project下面有一個UnitTest1.cs,可以更改這個文件也可刪除後重新添加。有一點需要注意的是,一定要是public class,不然運行不了。
本文中創建一個TestProductController.cs,該class中在[TestClass]標籤下面,所有的方法都在[TestMethod]下面,run unit test的時候會自動運行TestClass類下面的TestMethod方法。
[TestClass]
public class TestProductController
{
[TestMethod]
public void GetAllProducts_ShouldReturnAllProducts()
{
var testProducts = GetTestProducts();
var controller = new ProductController(testProducts);
var result = controller.GetAllProducts() as List<Product>;
if (result != null)
{
Assert.AreEqual(testProducts.Count,result.Count);
}
}
[TestMethod]
public async Task GetAllProductsAsync_ShouldReturnAllProducts()
{
var testProducts = GetTestProducts();
var controller = new ProductController(testProducts);
var result = await controller.GetAllProductAsync() as List<Product>;
Assert.IsNotNull(result);
Assert.AreEqual((object) testProducts.Count, result.Count);
}
[TestMethod]
public void GetProduct_ShouldReturnCorrectProduct()
{
var testProducts = GetTestProducts();
var controller = new ProductController(testProducts);
var result = controller.GetProduct(3) as OkNegotiatedContentResult<Product>;
Assert.IsNotNull(result);
Assert.AreEqual(testProducts[2].Name,result.Content.Name);
}
[TestMethod]
public async Task GetProductAsync_ShouldReturnCorrectProduct()
{
var testProducts = GetTestProducts();
var controller = new ProductController(testProducts);
var result = await controller.GetProductAsync(3) as OkNegotiatedContentResult<Product>;
Assert.IsNotNull(result);
Assert.AreEqual(testProducts[2].Name, result.Content.Name);
}
[TestMethod]
public void GetProduct_ShouldNotFindProduct()
{
var controller = new ProductController(GetTestProducts());
var result = controller.GetProduct(999);
Assert.IsInstanceOfType(result,typeof(NotFoundResult));
}
private List<Product> GetTestProducts()
{
var testProducts = new List<Product>
{
new Product() {Id = 1, Name = "Demo1", Price = 1},
new Product() {Id = 2, Name = "Deom2", Price = 2.3M},
new Product() {Id = 3, Name = "Deom2", Price = 4.3M},
new Product() {Id = 4, Name = "Deom2", Price = 6.3M}
};
return testProducts;
}
}
運行測試
在一再Test-> Run -> 運行指定test,所有test,查看覆蓋率