使用python發起post請求

代碼如下：

#!/noah/bin/python3 -u
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

#read from mysql based on dist-id, then get enough info send to ccs

import subprocess
import sys
import json
import os
import urllib.parse
import urllib.request
import base64

#/home/users/liyong14/work/bin/python3
url = 'http://localhost:8921/megacorp/employee/2'
url = 'http://localhost:8509/datadist/api/TestGroup_success'

param_data = {
        "first_name": "nick",
        "last_name" : "nick",
        "last_name" : "liyong",
        "age" : 25,
        "about" : "HAHA",
        "interests" : "sports,music",}

data = {
        "data":json.dumps(param_data)
        }



param = urllib.parse.urlencode(data, encoding='UTF-8')
param_value = param.encode(encoding='UTF-8')
print(param_value)

try:
    ret = urllib.request.Request(
            url, 
            param_value, 
            )
    #ret.add_header("")
    responseData = urllib.request.urlopen(ret).read().decode('utf-8')
except Exception as err:
    print("errmsg is " + str(err))

print(responseData)

注意事項：

1）The POST data should be bytes，即通過post請求發送的數據應該是bytes類型：

如果請求是：

request = urllib.request.Request('http://does.not.matter', 'foo=bar')

應該變成：

request = urllib.request.Request('http://does.not.matter', b'foo=bar')

這樣Python會自動計算本次請求的Content-length ：
mv = memoryview(data)
Content-length = len(mv) * mv.itemsize

2）data should be a buffer in the standard application/x-www-form-urlencoded format：post的數據應該進行url-encode處理

通日誌可以看到，http的http_agent是：Http_agent:Python-urllib/3.4

參考：

1）http://bugs.python.org/issue11082

2）http://stackoverflow.com/questions/7585435/best-way-to-convert-string-to-bytes-in-python-3

3）https://docs.python.org/3.2/library/urllib.request.html#module-urllib.request