Tomcat集羣部署(nginx)

1.nginx + tomcat集羣部署

1、下載Tomcat

1)兩個Tomcat修改不同的端口號

(1)端口號

tomcat1 :端口號8086

tomcat2:端口號8089

 

2、下載nginx並安裝

1)下載:https://nginx.org/en/download.html 

2)安裝包直接解壓

3)啓動等相關命令

nginx端口默認80。啓動後查看是否存在nginx.exe的進程。若啓動失敗,可能是端口衝突,可再nginx.conf中修改端口號

cmd命令進入安裝文件;

1、啓動:

C:\server\nginx-1.0.2>start nginx

或

C:\server\nginx-1.0.2>nginx.exe

注:建議使用第一種,第二種會使你的cmd窗口一直處於執行中,不能進行其他命令操作。

2、停止:

C:\server\nginx-1.0.2>nginx.exe -s stop

或

C:\server\nginx-1.0.2>nginx.exe -s quit

注:stop是快速停止nginx,可能並不保存相關信息;quit是完整有序的停止nginx,並保存相關信息。

3、重新載入Nginx:

C:\server\nginx-1.0.2>nginx.exe -s reload

當配置信息修改,需要重新載入這些配置時使用此命令。

4、重新打開日誌文件:

C:\server\nginx-1.0.2>nginx.exe -s reopen

5、查看Nginx版本:

C:\server\nginx-1.0.2>nginx -v



3、配置nginx

在conf文件夾中找到nginx.conf配置文件


#user  nobody;
worker_processes  1;

#error_log  logs/error.log;
#error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
#error_log  logs/error.log  info;

#pid        logs/nginx.pid;


events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}


http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    #log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
    #                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
    #                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    #access_log  logs/access.log  main;

    sendfile        on;
    #tcp_nopush     on;

    #keepalive_timeout  0;
    keepalive_timeout  65;

    #gzip  on;

    upstream server_test{
  
		server 127.0.0.1:8086;
		server 127.0.0.1:8089;
		ip_hash;
    }

    server {
        listen       8088;
        server_name  localhost;

        #charset koi8-r;

        #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;

        location / {
            root   html;
            index  index.html index.htm;
	    proxy_pass http://server_test;
	    proxy_set_header Host  $host:$server_port;
	    proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
	    proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_Forwarded_for;
            proxy_redirect off;

	    proxy_connect_timeout       1;
	    proxy_read_timeout          30;
	    proxy_send_timeout          30;

	   client_max_body_size 50m; 
	   client_body_buffer_size 256k; 
	   proxy_buffer_size 256k; 
	   proxy_buffers 4 256k; 
	   proxy_busy_buffers_size 256k; 
	   proxy_temp_file_write_size 256k; 
	   //proxy_next_upstream error timeout invalid_header http_500 http_503 http_404; 
	    proxy_max_temp_file_size 128m; 
        }

        #error_page  404              /404.html;

        # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
        #
        error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
            root   html;
        }

        # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;
        #}

        # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
        #
        #location ~ \.php$ {
        #    root           html;
        #    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
        #    fastcgi_index  index.php;
        #    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
        #    include        fastcgi_params;
        #}

        # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
        # concurs with nginx's one
        #
        #location ~ /\.ht {
        #    deny  all;
        #}
    }


    # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
    #
    #server {
    #    listen       8000;
    #    listen       somename:8080;
    #    server_name  somename  alias  another.alias;

    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
    #        index  index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}


    # HTTPS server
    #
    #server {
    #    listen       443 ssl;
    #    server_name  localhost;

    #    ssl_certificate      cert.pem;
    #    ssl_certificate_key  cert.key;

    #    ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:1m;
    #    ssl_session_timeout  5m;

    #    ssl_ciphers  HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
    #    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;

    #    location / {
    #        root   html;
    #        index  index.html index.htm;
    #    }
    #}

}

4、tomcat下放測試項目

 

Tomcat(Tomcat1跟Tomcat2都加)下添加測試項目

tomcat/webapps/路徑下新建test文件夾,文件夾下添加index.jsp,代碼如下

<%@ page contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8" %>  
<%@ page import="java.util.*" %>  
<html><head><title>Cluster Test</title></head>  
<body>
SessionID:<%=session.getId()%><BR>SessionIP:<%=request.getServerName()%>
<BR>SessionPort:<%=request.getServerPort()%>
<BR>這裏是服務器1
<BR>tomcat端口是8086
</body>
</html>

5、啓動Tomcat1.Tomcat2.nginx

訪問nginx  http://127.0.0.1:8088/test/index.jsp即可。

刷新頁面可以看到,輪流訪問該Tomcat。

2.session共享

方式1:IP綁定 ip_hash 
每個請求按訪問ip的hash結果分配,這樣每個訪客固定訪問一個後端服務器,可以解決集羣部署環境下session共享的問題。

但是如果訪問的Tomcat掛掉,訪問該Tomcat的用戶就會無法使用系統

nginx.conf文件下添加 ip_hash 
upstream server_test{
  
		server 127.0.0.1:8086;
		server 127.0.0.1:8089;
		ip_hash;
    }

方式2:Tomcat自帶的cluster(併發量大不適用)

server.xml文件中<Cluster className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster"/> 節點下添加以下內容。

Tomcat5的話直接將註釋掉的節點放開就行,不要用下面的代碼。

 <Cluster className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster"/> 這是原來的,現註釋掉-->
      
	  <!--開始-->
	  
	  <Cluster className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster"
         channelSendOptions="8">
 
		<Manager className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.DeltaManager"
           expireSessionsOnShutdown="false"
           notifyListenersOnReplication="true"/>
 
		<Channel className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.GroupChannel">
			<Membership className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.membership.McastService"
					address="228.0.0.4"
					port="45564" 
					frequency="500"
					dropTime="3000"/>
			<Receiver className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.NioReceiver"
				  address="auto"
				  port="4008"
				  autoBind="100"
				  selectorTimeout="5000"
				  maxThreads="6"/>
 
			<Sender className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.ReplicationTransmitter">
			<Transport className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.PooledParallelSender"/>
			</Sender>
			<Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.TcpFailureDetector"/>
			<Interceptor className="org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.MessageDispatch15Interceptor"/>
		</Channel>
 
		<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.ReplicationValve"
				 filter=""/>
		<Valve className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.JvmRouteBinderValve"/>
 
		<Deployer className="org.apache.catalina.ha.deploy.FarmWarDeployer"
            tempDir="/tmp/war-temp/"
            deployDir="/tmp/war-deploy/"
            watchDir="/tmp/war-listen/"
            watchEnabled="false"/>
 
		<ClusterListener className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.JvmRouteSessionIDBinderListener" />
		<ClusterListener className="org.apache.catalina.ha.session.ClusterSessionListener" />
</Cluster>

需要在項目中建一個WEB-IN文件夾,裏面新建一個web.xml文件,打開web.xml,並在web-app節點下添加<distributable/>節點。

<web-app>
 
<distributable/>
 
</web-app>

 方式3:memcache

1)下載memcache(以及相關jar包下載)

memcache以及jar包以及配置:https://github.com/magro/memcached-session-manager/wiki/SetupAndConfiguration

memcache下載:https://www.runoob.com/memcached/window-install-memcached.html

jar包下載:https://mvnrepository.com/

2)解壓安裝

window下memcache安裝

3)啓動

1. 下載memcache的windows穩定版,解壓放某個盤下面,比如在c:\memcached

2. 在終端(也即cmd命令界面)下輸入‘c:\memcached\memcached.exe -d install’安裝

3. 再輸入:‘c:\memcached\memcached.exe -d start’啓動。NOTE: 以後memcached將作爲windows的一個服務每次開機時自動啓動。這樣服務器端已經安裝完畢了。

4)配置

Tomcat conf/context.xml文件內添加<Context>標籤下添加一下內容

<Manager className="de.javakaffee.web.msm.MemcachedBackupSessionManager"   
				memcachedNodes="n1:127.0.0.1:11211"   
				requestUriIgnorePattern=".*\.(png|gif|jpg|css|js)$"   
				sessionBackupAsync="false"   
				sessionBackupTimeout="100"   
				transcoderFactoryClass="de.javakaffee.web.msm.serializer.javolution.JavolutionTranscoderFactory"   
				copyCollectionsForSerialization="false" 
				sticky="false"/>     

3.redis(這個方式我測試出現了問題,沒有深入研究)

參考文檔https://www.cnblogs.com/notDog/p/5318686.html
1)下載

2)安裝

3)jar包

下載地址:https://github.com/jcoleman/tomcat-redis-session-manager/downloads

下載地址:https://mvnrepository.com/

4)配置

打開Context.xml,添加

<Valve className="com.orangefunction.tomcat.redissessions.RedisSessionHandlerValve" /> 
<ManagerclassName="com.orangefunction.tomcat.redissessions.RedisSessionManager" 
    host="localhost" 
    port="6379" 
    database="0"
    maxInactiveInterval="60" />

Tomcat集羣Cluster配置
nginx+tomcat集羣搭建

nginx參考鏈接:

Nginx+upstream針對後端服務器容錯的配置說明

nginx反向代理後,jsp頁面request.getServerPort()獲取得端口號總是80解決方案

nginx一次請求,轉發到多個地址,引起iphash的session不能共享問題​​​​​​​

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