主動外觀模型(AAM)

主動外觀模型(AAM)

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歷史

AAM的思想最早可以追溯到1987年kass等人提出的snake方法，主要用於邊界檢定與圖像分割。該方法用一條由n個控制點組成的連續閉合曲線作爲snake模型，再用一個能量函數作爲匹配度的評價函數，首先將模型設定在目標對象預估位置的周圍，再通過不斷迭代使能量函數最小化，當內外能量達到平衡時即得到目標對象的邊界與特徵。 1989年yuille等人此提出使用參數化的可變形模板來代替snake模型，可變形模板概念的提出爲aam的產生奠定了理論基礎。 1995年cootes等人提出的asm算法是aam的直接前身，asm採用參數化的採樣形狀來構成對象形狀模型，並利用pca方法建立描述形狀的控制點的運動模型，最後利用一組參數租來控制形狀控制點的位置變化從而逼近當前對象的形狀，該方法只單純利用對象的形狀，因此準確率不高. 1998年，cootes等人在asm算法的基礎上首先提出aam，與asm的不同之處是他不僅利用了對象的形狀信息而且利用了對象的紋理信息。

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AAM資源大全

websites:

1) Tim Cootes in University of Manchester, UK

http://www.isbe.man.ac.uk/~bim/

2) Mikkel B. Stegmann in Danmark Technical University, Danmark

http://www2.imm.dtu.dk/~aam/

3) Surrey Ravl -- A Fantastic Open Source for Recognition and Vision Library

http://www.ee.surrey.ac.uk/Research/VSSP/RavlDoc/share/doc/RAVL/Auto/Basic/Tree/Ravl.API.Images.AAM.html

4) Iain Matthews and Simon Baker in Carnegie Mellon University

http://www.ri.cmu.edu/project_lists/index.html

http://www.ri.cmu.edu/projects/project_448.html

5) AAMToolbox -- matlab toolbox for AAM, Dr. Andrew Hanna, University of East Anglia

http://www2.cmp.uea.ac.uk/~aih/

6) Relate -- Andrew Blake in Cambridge (Active Contour Model)

http://www.robots.ox.ac.uk/~contours/

7) Candide -- CANDIDE - a parameterized face

http://www.lysator.liu.se/~eru/research/

http://www.icg.isy.liu.se/candide/

http://www.icg.isy.liu.se/candide/javacandide.html

8) http://www.visionopen.com/

9)ASMLibrary (ASMBuilding + ASMFitting)

http://code.google.com/p/asmlibrary/

Publications:

1) ACM M. Kass, A. Witkin, D. Terzopoulos. "Snakes: Active Contour Models". 1st International Conference On Computer Vision, pp. 259-268, IEEE Computer Society Press, 1987.

2) ASM T. Cootes, C. Taylor, D. Cooper, J. Graham. "Active Shape Models - Their Training and Application". Computer Vision and Image Understanding, Vol. 61, No. 1, pp. 38-59, January 1995.

3) AAM T. Cootes, G. Edwards, C. Taylor. "Active Appearance Models". 5th European Conference on Computer Vision, Vol. 2, pp. 484-498, Springer, Freiburg, Germany, 1998.

4) Lucas-Kanade Fitting http://www.ri.cmu.edu/projects/project_515.html

code:

Open Source -- AAM-API, a C++ based open source developed by Dr. Mikkel B. Stegmann, Technical University of Denmark (DTU), is partly based on the open source LAPACK and Microsoft VisionSDK (now already abandoned and unavailable under Linux as well).

CMU -- CMU Robotics Institute is carrying out the project AAM Fitting Algorithms, which achieved real-time outcomes by developing Inverse Compositional Image Alignment algorithm described in "Active Appearance Models Revisited". However, CMU only affords a Matlab source code online.

Vision Open -- Vision Open has already finished rewriting AAM Building source code in C++, which is compatible with the most widely used open source libraries OpenCV and BOOST.

取自"http://www.opencv.org.cn/index.php/%E4%B8%BB%E5%8A%A8%E5%A4%96%E8%A7%82%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B%28AAM%29"