MongoDB-JAVA-Driver 3.2版本常用代碼全整理(1) - 增刪改

MongoDB的3.x版本Java驅動相對2.x做了全新的設計，類庫和使用方法上有很大區別。例如用Document替換BasicDBObject、通過Builders類構建Bson替代直接輸入$命令等，本文整理了基於3.2版本的常用增刪改查操作的使用方法。爲了避免冗長的篇幅，分爲增刪改、查詢、聚合、地理索引等幾部分。

創建一個maven項目，添加依賴

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.mongodb</groupId>
        <artifactId>mongodb-driver</artifactId>
        <version>3.2.2</version>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

非maven項目可自行下載jar包

http://central.maven.org/maven2/org/mongodb/mongo-java-driver/3.2.2/mongo-java-driver-3.2.2.jar

創建基礎代碼測試連接

public class CudExamples {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws ParseException {
        //根據實際環境修改ip和端口
        MongoClient mongoClient = new MongoClient("localhost", 27017);
        MongoDatabase database = mongoClient.getDatabase("lesson");

        MongoCollection<Document> mc = database.getCollection("language");
        //插入一個文檔
                mc.insertOne(new Document("oop", "java"));
        System.out.println(mc.findOneAndDelete(new Document("oop", "java")));

        mongoClient.close();
    }
}

如果輸出結果爲Document{{_id=573099877bee0e1710d52f4b, oop=java}}表示環境配置正確。

改造CudExamples類以方便演示每種操作對集合的影響

public class CudExamples {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws ParseException {
        MongoClient mongoClient = new MongoClient("localhost", 27017);
        MongoDatabase database = mongoClient.getDatabase("lesson");

        CudExamples client = new CudExamples(database);
        client.show();
        mongoClient.close();
    }

    private MongoDatabase database;
    public CudExamples(MongoDatabase database) {
        this.database = database;
    }

    public void show() {
        MongoCollection<Document> mc = database.getCollection("language");
        //每次執行前清空集合以方便重複運行
        mc.drop();

        mc.insertOne(new Document("oop", "java"));
        printCollection("insert java", mc);
    }

    //打印查詢的結果集
    public void printCollection(String doing, MongoCollection<Document> mc) {
        System.out.println(doing);
        FindIterable<Document> iterable = mc.find();
            iterable.forEach(new Block<Document>() {
                    public void apply(final Document document) {
                        System.out.println(document);
                    }
            });
            System.out.println("------------------------------------------------------");
            System.out.println();
    }
}

如上面代碼所示，把所有的操作集中在show()方法中演示，並且在執行後打印集合以觀察對集合的影響。下面來填充show()方法，注意需要靜態導入Updates.*

import static com.mongodb.client.model.Updates.*;

mc.insertOne(new Document("oop", "java"));
printCollection("insert java", mc);

//插入一個包含兩個字段的文檔
Document doc = new Document("oop", "csharp").append("copyright", "microsoft");
mc.insertOne(doc);
printCollection("insert csharp", mc);

//查找並修改一個文檔
mc.findOneAndReplace(new Document("oop", "java"), new Document("oop", "java").append("copyright", "oracle"));
printCollection("findAndReplace java", mc);

//刪除一個文檔
mc.deleteOne(new Document("oop", "java"));
printCollection("delete java", mc);

//刪除全部文檔
mc.deleteMany(new Document());
printCollection("delete all", mc);

//重新插入測試文檔
mc.insertOne(new Document("oop", "java").append("copyright", "oracle"));
mc.insertOne(new Document("oop", "csharp").append("copyright", "microsoft"));
printCollection("insert java,csharp and swift", mc);

//$set 文檔中存在指定字段則修改,沒有則添加
mc.updateMany(new Document(), set("rank", 100));
printCollection("$set all rank 100", mc);

//$unset 文檔中存在指定字段則刪除該字段
mc.updateOne(new Document("oop", "csharp"), unset("rank"));
printCollection("unset csharp rank", mc);

//$inc 文檔中存在指定字段則相加,沒有則添加
mc.updateOne(new Document("oop", "csharp"), inc("rank", 30));
printCollection("$inc csharp rank 30", mc);
mc.updateOne(new Document("oop", "csharp"), inc("rank", 31));
printCollection("$inc csharp rank 31", mc);

//$setOnInsert 在更新時指定upsert=true並實際觸發了插入操作時生效
mc.updateOne(new Document("oop", "swift").append("copyright", "apple"), setOnInsert("rank", 100), new UpdateOptions().upsert(true));
printCollection("$setOnInsert rank 100 for swift", mc);

//$mul 相乘
mc.updateOne(new Document("oop", "java"), mul("rank", 0.2));
printCollection("$mul java rank: 0.2", mc);

//$rename 重命名
mc.updateMany(new Document(), rename("rank", "ranks"));
printCollection("$rename all rank to ranks", mc);

//$min 取當前值和指定值之間比較小的
mc.updateMany(new Document(), min("ranks", 50));
printCollection("$min all ranks: 50", mc);

//$max 取當前值和指定值之間比較大的
mc.updateMany(new Document(), max("ranks", 40));
printCollection("$max all ranks: 40", mc);

//$currentDate
mc.updateMany(new Document("oop", "java"), currentDate("add"));
printCollection("$currentDate java", mc);

//$currentTimestamp
mc.updateMany(new Document("oop", "java"), currentTimestamp("lastModified"));
printCollection("$currentTimestamp java", mc);

//$addToSet 添加一個元素到不重複集合
mc.updateMany(new Document("oop", "java"), addToSet("keywords", "for"));
mc.updateMany(new Document("oop", "java"), addToSet("keywords", "for"));
printCollection("$addToSet java keywords: for", mc);

//$addEachToSet 添加一組元素到不重複集合
mc.updateMany(new Document("oop", "java"), addEachToSet("keywords", Arrays.asList("while", "true", "do", "new", "override")));
mc.updateMany(new Document("oop", "java"), addEachToSet("keywords", Arrays.asList("while", "true", "do", "new", "override")));
printCollection("$addEachToSet java keywords: while,true,do,new,override", mc);

//$popFirst 刪除第一個元素
mc.updateMany(new Document("oop", "java"), popFirst("keywords"));
printCollection("$popFirst java keywords", mc);

//$popLast 刪除最後一個元素
mc.updateMany(new Document("oop", "java"), popLast("keywords"));
printCollection("$popLast java keywords", mc);

//$pull 刪除指定元素
mc.updateMany(new Document("oop", "java"), pull("keywords", "new"));
printCollection("$pull java keywords: new", mc);

//$pullByFilter 根據Filters刪除
mc.updateMany(new Document("oop", "java"), pullByFilter(Filters.gte("keywords", "true")));
printCollection("$pullByFilter java keywords: true", mc);

//$pullAll 刪除一組元素
mc.updateMany(new Document("oop", "java"), pullAll("keywords", Arrays.asList("while", "true", "do", "new", "override")));
printCollection("$pullAll java keywords", mc);

//$push 添加一個元素到可重複集合
mc.updateMany(new Document("oop", "java"), push("scores", 89));
printCollection("$push java scores: 89", mc);

//$pushEach 添加一組元素到可重複集合
mc.updateMany(new Document("oop", "java"), pushEach("scores", Arrays.asList(89, 90, 92)));
printCollection("$pushEach java scores: 89,90,92", mc);

//在集合的指定位置插入一組元素
mc.updateMany(new Document("oop", "java"), pushEach("scores", Arrays.asList(11, 12, 13), new PushOptions().position(0)));
printCollection("$pushEach java scores: 11,12,13 at position 0", mc);

//在集合的指定位置插入一組元素並倒序排列
mc.updateMany(new Document("oop", "java"), pushEach("scores", Arrays.asList(40, 41), new PushOptions().sort(-1)));
printCollection("$pushEach java scores: 40,41 and sort(-1)", mc);

//在集合的指定位置插入一組元素, 倒序排列後保留前3個
mc.updateMany(new Document("oop", "java"), pushEach("scores", Arrays.asList(60, 61), new PushOptions().sort(-1).slice(3)));
printCollection("$pushEach java scores: 60,61 and sort(-1) and slice(3)", mc);

//插入一組內嵌文檔
Bson bson = pushEach("experts",
              Arrays.asList(new Document("first", "Rod").append("last", "Johnson"),
                            new Document("first", "Doug").append("last", "Cutting")));
mc.updateOne(new Document("oop", "java"), bson);
printCollection("$pushEach", mc);

//combine 組合Bson
bson = combine(set("author", "James Gosling"), set("version", "8.0"));
mc.updateOne(new Document("oop", "java"), bson);
printCollection("$combine", mc);

(完)

原文地址：

http://blog.csdn.net/autfish/article/details/51356537