在上一篇Pytorch学习基础——LeNet从训练到测试讲述了简单神经网络LeNet识别MNIST数据集的实例,作为对比,本次将结合LSTM实现对MNIST数据集的识别。
实现过程:
- 导入必要的包并设置超参数:
import torch
import torchvision
from torch import nn
from torch.autograd import Variable
import torchvision.datasets as dsets
import torchvision.transforms as transforms
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
#define hyperparameter
EPOCH = 1
BATCH_SIZE = 64
TIME_STEP = 28 #time_step / image_height
INPUT_SIZE = 28 #input_step / image_width
LR = 0.01
DOWNLOAD = True
- 下载并加载MNIST数据集(如果已经下载MNIST数据集,设置DOWMLOAD=False即可)
#get the mnist dataset
train_data = dsets.MNIST(root='./', train=True, transform=torchvision.transforms.ToTensor(), download=False)
test_data = dsets.MNIST(root='./', train=False, transform=torchvision.transforms.ToTensor())
test_x = test_data.test_data.type(torch.FloatTensor)[:2000]/255
test_y = test_data.test_labels.numpy()[:2000]
#use dataloader to batch input dateset
train_loader = torch.utils.data.DataLoader(dataset=train_data, batch_size=BATCH_SIZE, shuffle=True)
注意与CNN数据加载时的区别,LSTM将图片按行排列作为序列,实现循环神经网络的训练和测试
- 定义并实例化LSTM神经网络:
#define the RNN class
class RNN(nn.Module):
#overload __init__() method
def __init__(self):
super(RNN, self).__init__()
self.rnn = nn.LSTM(
input_size=28,
hidden_size=64,
num_layers=1,
batch_first=True,
)
self.out = nn.Linear(64,10)
#overload forward() method
def forward(self, x):
r_out, (h_n, h_c) = self.rnn(x, None)
out = self.out(r_out[: ,-1, :])
return out
rnn = RNN()
print(rnn)
- 定义优化器和损失函数
#define optimizer with Adam optim
optimizer = torch.optim.Adam(rnn.parameters(), lr=LR)
#define cross entropy loss function
loss_func = nn.CrossEntropyLoss()
- 训练模型
#training and testing
for epoch in range(EPOCH):
for step, (b_x, b_y) in enumerate(train_loader):
#recover x as (batch, time_step, input_size)
b_x = b_x.view(-1, 28, 28)
output = rnn(b_x)
loss = loss_func(output, b_y)
optimizer.zero_grad()
loss.backward()
optimizer.step()
if step % 50 == 0:
#train with rnn
test_output = rnn(test_x)
#loss function
pred_y = torch.max(test_output, 1)[1].data.numpy()
#accuracy calculate
acc = float((pred_y == test_y).astype(int).sum()) / float(test_y.size)
print('Epoch: ', (epoch), 'train loss: %.3f'%loss.data.numpy(), 'test acc: %.3f'%(acc))
- 测试模型
# print 100 predictions from test data
numTest = 100
test_output = rnn(test_x[:numTest].view(-1, 28, 28))
pred_y = torch.max(test_output, 1)[1].data.numpy()
print(pred_y, 'prediction number')
print(test_y[:numTest], 'real number')
ErrorCount = 0.0
for i in pred_y:
if pred_y[i] != test_y[i]:
ErrorCount += 1
print('ErrorRate : %.3f'%(ErrorCount / numTest))
实验结果:
可以看到,LSTM网络既可以用于语音处理,同时可以进行图像分类,此时的“图像”被抽象为按行排列的序列,对于MNIST数据集 的测试表明,LSTM可以在较短时间内实现对数字手势的识别。