Quartz簡介
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Quartz介紹
任務調度框架“Quartz”是OpenSymphony開源組織在Job scheduling領域又一個開源項目,是完全由java開發的一個開源的任務日程管理系統,
“任務進度管理器”就是一個在預先確定(被納入日程)的時間到達時,負責執行(或者通知)其他軟件組件的系統。簡單來說就是實現“計劃(或定時)任務”的系統,例如:訂單下單後未付款,15分鐘後自動撤消訂單,並自動解鎖鎖定的商品
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Quartz的觸發器
觸發器用來告訴調度程序作業什麼時候觸發。框架提供了5種觸發器類型,但兩個最常用的SimpleTrigger和CronTrigger。五種類型的Trigger(定時器)
SimpleTrigger,CronTirgger,DateIntervalTrigger,NthIncludedDayTrigger和Calendar類( org.quartz.Calendar)。場景:
SimpleTrigger:執行N次,重複N次
CronTrigger:幾秒 幾分 幾時 哪日 哪月 哪周 哪年,執行 -
存儲方式
RAMJobStore(內存作業存儲類型)和JDBCJobStore(數據庫作業存儲類型),兩種方式對比如下:
RAMJobStore 不要外部數據庫,配置容易, 運行速度快 因爲調度程序信息是存儲在被分配給JVM的內存裏面,所以,當應用程序停止運行時,所有調度信息將被丟失。另外因爲存儲到JVM內存裏面,所以可以存儲多少個Job和Trigger將會受到限制
JDBCJobStor 支持集羣,因爲所有的任務信息都會保存 運行速度的快慢取決與連接數據庫的快慢到數據庫中,可以控制事物,還有就是如果應用服務器關閉或者重啓,任務信息都
不會丟失,並且可以恢復因服務器關閉或者重啓而導致執行失敗的任務
圖解quartz工作流程
quartz相關表達式
在線生成表達式網址:http://cron.qqe2.com/
所需pom依賴
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.quartz-scheduler</groupId>
<artifactId>quartz-jobs</artifactId>
<version>2.2.1</version>
</dependency>
Quartz簡單觸發器
RamJob
package com.lst.quartz01.job;
import org.quartz.Job;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionContext;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionException;
/**
* @create 2019-11-14 16:41
*
* 基於內存RAM
*/
public class RamJob implements Job {
@Override
public void execute(JobExecutionContext jobExecutionContext) throws JobExecutionException {
System.out.println("此處爲quzartz定時任務執行的業務內容。。。");
}
}
Demo1
package com.lst.quartz01.demo;
import com.lst.quartz01.job.RamJob;
import org.quartz.*;
import org.quartz.impl.StdSchedulerFactory;
import static org.quartz.JobBuilder.newJob;
/**
* @create 2019-11-14 16:46
*
* 講解簡單觸發器(每隔n秒執行,一共執行多少次)
*/
public class Demo1 {
public static void main(String[] args) throws SchedulerException {
// schedule、jobDetail、trigger
SchedulerFactory factory = new StdSchedulerFactory();
Scheduler scheduler = factory.getScheduler();
JobDetail jobDetail = newJob(RamJob.class)
.withIdentity("job1","group1")
.withDescription("這是第一quartz定時任務")
.build();
Trigger trigger = (Trigger)TriggerBuilder.newTrigger()
.withSchedule(SimpleScheduleBuilder.repeatSecondlyForTotalCount(3,6))
.withIdentity("trigger1","group1")
.withDescription("this is a trigger")
.build();
scheduler.scheduleJob(jobDetail,trigger);
scheduler.start();
}
}
效果展示:
Quartz表達式觸發器
Demo2
package com.lst.quartz01.demo;
import com.lst.quartz01.job.RamJob;
import org.quartz.*;
import org.quartz.impl.StdSchedulerFactory;
import static org.quartz.JobBuilder.newJob;
/**
* @create 2019-11-14 16:46
*
*
* 講解表達式觸發器(定時定點,無線循環執行某一行代碼)
*/
public class Demo2 {
public static void main(String[] args) throws SchedulerException {
// schedule、jobDetail、trigger
SchedulerFactory factory = new StdSchedulerFactory();
Scheduler scheduler = factory.getScheduler();
JobDetail jobDetail = newJob(RamJob.class)
.withIdentity("job2","group2")
.withDescription("這是第一quartz定時任務")
.build();
Trigger trigger = (Trigger)TriggerBuilder.newTrigger()
// 定點執行邏輯
// .withSchedule(CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule("0 10 17 * * ?"))
// 每6秒循環執行
.withSchedule(CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule("0/6 * * * * ?"))
.withIdentity("trigger2","group2")
.withDescription("this is a trigger")
.build();
scheduler.scheduleJob(jobDetail,trigger);
scheduler.start();
}
}
每隔6秒執行一遍
Quartz中參數傳遞
Demo3
package com.lst.quartz01.demo;
import com.lst.quartz01.job.RamJob;
import org.quartz.*;
import org.quartz.impl.StdSchedulerFactory;
import static org.quartz.JobBuilder.newJob;
/**
* @create 2019-11-14 16:46
*
*
* 講解表達式觸發器(定時定點,無線循環執行某一行代碼)
*/
public class Demo3 {
public static void main(String[] args) throws SchedulerException {
// schedule、jobDetail、trigger
SchedulerFactory factory = new StdSchedulerFactory();
Scheduler scheduler = factory.getScheduler();
JobDetail jobDetail = newJob(RamJob.class)
.withIdentity("job2","group2")
.withDescription("這是第一quartz定時任務")
.build();
String name = "aaa";
String level = "y2";
String job = "學員";
JobDataMap jobDataMap = jobDetail.getJobDataMap();
jobDataMap.put("name",name);
jobDataMap.put("level",level);
jobDataMap.put("job",job);
Trigger trigger = (Trigger)TriggerBuilder.newTrigger()
// 定點執行邏輯
// .withSchedule(CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule("0 10 17 * * ?"))
// 每6秒循環執行
.withSchedule(CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule("0/6 * * * * ?"))
.withIdentity("trigger2","group2")
.withDescription("this is a trigger")
.build();
scheduler.scheduleJob(jobDetail,trigger);
scheduler.start();
}
}
RamJob
package com.lst.quartz01.job;
import org.quartz.Job;
import org.quartz.JobDataMap;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionContext;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionException;
/**
* @create 2019-11-14 16:41
*
* 基於內存RAM
*/
public class RamJob implements Job {
@Override
public void execute(JobExecutionContext jobExecutionContext) throws JobExecutionException {
System.out.println("此處爲quzartz定時任務執行的業務內容。。。");
JobDataMap jobDataMap = jobExecutionContext.getJobDetail().getJobDataMap();
System.out.println(jobDataMap.get("name").toString()+
jobDataMap.get("level")+
jobDataMap.get("job"));
}
}
Spring task Vs Quartz
Spring task
優點:無需整合spring,作業類中就可以調用業務service
缺點:單線程;不能做數據存儲型的定時任務
Quartz
優點:多線程;可以做數據存儲型的定時任務,維護性高;
缺點:需要整合spring,不能直接調用業務層service;
線程論證代碼
SpringTask
package com.lst.quartz01.task;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Scheduled;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
/**
* @create 2019-11-14 17:18
*/
@Component
public class SpringTask {
@Scheduled(cron = "0/10 * * * * ?")
public void xxx(){
SimpleDateFormat format = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
System.err.println("Spring task 啓動。。。。"+format.format(new Date()));
try {
Thread.sleep(20*1000);
System.out.println("模擬處理大數據量業務操作...");
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
RamJob
package com.lst.quartz01.job;
import org.quartz.Job;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionContext;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionException;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
/**
* @create 2019-11-14 16:41
*
* 基於內存RAM
*/
public class RamJob implements Job {
@Override
public void execute(JobExecutionContext jobExecutionContext) throws JobExecutionException {
SimpleDateFormat format = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
System.err.println("Spring task 啓動。。。。"+format.format(new Date()));
try {
Thread.sleep(20*1000);
System.out.println("模擬處理大數據量業務操作...");
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
結果:不管前一個定時任務的線程是否結束,都會開啓下一個線程,依然每10s執行一次;
over…