原文鏈接:http://blog.csdn.net/xyang81/article/details/51792144
安裝環境:CentOS7 64位 MINI版
官網源碼編譯安裝文檔:http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/source-installation.html
一、系統安裝條件
官方文檔說明:http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/source-installation.html
1> cmake
mysql使用cmake跨平臺工具預編譯源碼,用於設置mysql的編譯參數。如:安裝目錄、數據存放目錄、字符編碼、排序規則等。安裝最新版本即可。
2> make3.75
mysql源代碼是由C和C++語言編寫,在linux下使用make對源碼進行編譯和構建,要求必須安裝make 3.75或以上版本
3> gcc4.4.6
GCC是Linux下的C語言編譯工具,mysql源碼編譯完全由C和C++編寫,要求必須安裝GCC4.4.6或以上版本
4> Boost1.59.0
mysql源碼中用到了C++的Boost庫,要求必須安裝boost1.59.0或以上版本
5> bison2.1
Linux下C/C++語法分析器
6> ncurses
字符終端處理庫
所以在安裝前,需先安裝相關的依賴庫:
shell> sudo yum install -y cmake,make,gcc,gcc-c++,bison, ncurses,ncurses-devel
下載Boost1.59.0源代碼,並解壓到/usr/local/目錄下:
shell> wget -O https://sourceforge.net/projects/boost/files/boost/1.59.0/boost_1_59_0.tar.gz
shell> tar -zxvf boost_1_59_0.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
二、下載MySQL源碼
從github上下載mysql的源碼
shell> cd /opt
shell> git clone https://github.com/mysql/mysql-server.git
shell> ls mysql-server
如果沒安裝git客戶端,執行yum install -y git
安裝。
shell> git branch -r
origin/5.5
origin/5.6
origin/5.7
origin/HEAD -> origin/5.7
origin/cluster-7.2
origin/cluster-7.3
origin/cluster-7.4
origin/cluster-7.5
當前分支默認爲5.7版本,如果要安裝其它版本,切換到相應的分支即可。如安裝5.6版本:git checkout 5.6
,這裏以安裝5.7爲例。
搜狐鏡像下載地址:
http://mirrors.sohu.com/mysql/MySQL-5.5/
http://mirrors.sohu.com/mysql/MySQL-5.6/
http://mirrors.sohu.com/mysql/MySQL-5.7/
三、安裝
1> 添加mysql用戶
shell> cd /opt/mysql-server
shell> groupadd mysql #添加mysql用戶組
shell> useradd -r -g mysql -s /bin/false mysql #添加mysql用戶
2> 配置mysql預編譯參數
shell> cmake . -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data \
-DWITH_BOOST=/usr/local/boost_1_59_0 \
-DSYSCONFDIR=/etc \
-DEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8mb4 \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8mb4_general_ci \
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \
-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all
- -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX:安裝路徑
- -DMYSQL_DATADIR:數據存放目錄
- -DWITH_BOOST:boost源碼路徑
- -DSYSCONFDIR:my.cnf配置文件目錄
- -DEFAULT_CHARSET:數據庫默認字符編碼
- -DDEFAULT_COLLATION:默認排序規則
- -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE:允許從本文件導入數據
- -DEXTRA_CHARSETS:安裝所有字符集
更多預編譯配置參數請參考mysql官方文檔說明:http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/source-configuration-options.html#cmake-general-options
3> 編譯並安裝
shell> make -j `grep processor /proc/cpuinfo | wc -l`
shell> make install
-j參數表示根據CPU核數指定編譯時的線程數,可以加快編譯速度。默認爲1個線程編譯,經測試單核CPU,1G的內存,編譯完需要將近1個小時。
4> 初始化系統數據庫
shell> cd /usr/local/mysql
shell> chown -R mysql:mysql .
# 注意:MySQL 5.7.6之前的版本執行這個腳本初始化系統數據庫
shell> ./bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
# 5.7.6之後版本初始系統數據庫腳本(本文使用此方式初始化)
shell> ./bin/mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
shell> ./bin/mysql_ssl_rsa_setup
shell> chown -R root .
shell> chown -R mysql data
注意:如果使用–initialize參數初始化系統數據庫之後,會在~/.mysql_secret文件中生成root用戶的一個臨時密碼,同時也在初始化日誌中打印出來了,如下圖紅圈中所示:
5、配置文件及參數優化
shell> cp support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf
shell> vim /etc/my.cnf
[client]
port=3306
socket=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
[mysqld]
character-set-server=utf8
collation-server=utf8_general_ci
skip-external-locking
skip-name-resolve
user=mysql
port=3306
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
tmpdir=/usr/local/mysql/temp
# server_id = .....
socket=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
log-error=/usr/local/mysql/logs/mysql_error.log
pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.pid
open_files_limit=10240
back_log=600
max_connections=500
max_connect_errors=6000
wait_timeout=605800
#open_tables=600
#table_cache = 650
#opened_tables = 630
max_allowed_packet=32M
sort_buffer_size=4M
join_buffer_size=4M
thread_cache_size=300
query_cache_type=1
query_cache_size=256M
query_cache_limit=2M
query_cache_min_res_unit=16k
tmp_table_size=256M
max_heap_table_size=256M
key_buffer_size=256M
read_buffer_size=1M
read_rnd_buffer_size=16M
bulk_insert_buffer_size=64M
lower_case_table_names=1
default-storage-engine=INNODB
innodb_buffer_pool_size=2G
innodb_log_buffer_size=32M
innodb_log_file_size=128M
innodb_flush_method=O_DIRECT
#####################
thread_concurrency=32
long_query_time=2
slow-query-log=on
slow-query-log-file=/usr/local/mysql/logs/mysql-slow.log
[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet=32M
[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
6、配置mysql服務
shell> cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
shell> chkconfig --add mysqld # 添加到系統服務
shell> chkconfig mysqld on # 開機啓動
7、啓動服務
shell> service mysqld start # 啓動mysql服務
shell> service mysqld stop # 停止mysql服務
shell> service mysqld restart # 重新啓動mysql服務
8、設置數據庫密碼
shell> /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -e "grant all privileges on *.* to root@'127.0.0.1' identified by "root" with grant option;"
shell> /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -e "grant all privileges on *.* to root@'localhost' identified by "root" with grant option;"
# 開啓遠程登錄(將host設爲%即可)
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -e "grant all privileges on *.* to root@'%' identified by "root" with grant option;"
9、配置mysql環境變量
shell> vim /etc/profile
shell> export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH
shell> source /etc/profile
四、其它注意事項
如果中途編譯失敗了,需要刪除cmake生成的預編譯配置參數的緩存文件和make編譯後生成的文件,再重新編譯。
shell> cd /opt/mysql-server
shell> rm -f CMakeCache.txt
shell> make clean