ElasticSearch的常用API
在服務器上怎麼查ES的信息
#通過使用_cat可以查看支持的命令
curl localhost:9200/_cat
[es@localhost config]$ curl localhost:9200/_cat
=^.^=
/_cat/allocation
/_cat/shards
/_cat/shards/{index}
/_cat/master
/_cat/nodes
/_cat/tasks
/_cat/indices
/_cat/indices/{index}
/_cat/segments
/_cat/segments/{index}
/_cat/count
/_cat/count/{index}
/_cat/recovery
/_cat/recovery/{index}
/_cat/health
/_cat/pending_tasks
/_cat/aliases
/_cat/aliases/{alias}
/_cat/thread_pool
/_cat/thread_pool/{thread_pools}
/_cat/plugins
/_cat/fielddata
/_cat/fielddata/{fields}
/_cat/nodeattrs
/_cat/repositories
/_cat/snapshots/{repository}
/_cat/templates
verbose
每個命令都支持使用?v參數，來顯示詳細的信息：
[es@localhost config]$ curl localhost:9200/_cat/master?v
id host ip node
TFtqZGtjTTiHsX3KHYIMyw 192.168.21.131 192.168.21.131 localhost.localdomain
help
每個命令都支持使用help參數，來輸出可以顯示的列：
[es@localhost config]$ curl localhost:9200/_cat/master?v
id host ip node
TFtqZGtjTTiHsX3KHYIMyw 192.168.21.131 192.168.21.131 localhost.localdomain
[es@localhost config]$ curl localhost:9200/_cat/master?help
id | | node id
host | h | host name
ip | | ip address
node | n | node name
headers
通過h參數，可以指定輸出的字段：
[es@localhost config]$ curl localhost:9200/_cat/master?v
id host ip node
TFtqZGtjTTiHsX3KHYIMyw 192.168.21.131 192.168.21.131 localhost.localdomain
[es@localhost config]$ curl localhost:9200/_cat/master?h=id,ip,node
TFtqZGtjTTiHsX3KHYIMyw 192.168.21.131 localhost.localdomain
數字類型的格式化
很多的命令都支持返回可讀性的大小數字，比如使用mb或者kb來表示。
[es@localhost config]$ curl localhost:9200/_cat/indices
green open customer2 9im2_3hIT9-chDznVXwOtg 1 1 0 0 566b 283b
green open customer1 uaA_cmxYSU-76jT93-hs0w 1 1 1 0 7kb 3.5kb
bytes: 數值列還原爲原始值. 如diskSize, 默認轉爲以kb/mb/gb表示, 打開後還原爲原始值
[es@localhost config]$ curl localhost:9200/_cat/indices?bytes=b
green open customer2 9im2_3hIT9-chDznVXwOtg 1 1 0 0 566 283
green open customer1 uaA_cmxYSU-76jT93-hs0w 1 1 1 0 7260 3630
# 創建customer索引
curl -X PUT 'localhost:9200/customer?pretty'
[es@localhost config]$ curl -X PUT 'localhost:9200/customer?pretty'
{
"acknowledged" : true,
"shards_acknowledged" : true,
"index" : "customer"
}
# 刪除索引
curl -X DELETE localhost:9200/customer?pretty
[es@localhost config]$ curl -X DELETE localhost:9200/customer?pretty
{
"acknowledged" : true
}
#獲取全部索引【列出所有索引, 並展示索引基本信息】
curl localhost:9200/_cat/indices?v
[es@localhost config]$ curl localhost:9200/_cat/indices?v
health status index uuid pri rep docs.count docs.deleted store.size pri.store.size
green open customer1 uaA_cmxYSU-76jT93-hs0w 1 1 1 0 7kb 3.5kb
green open customer FTTKAgKKQAWpBI78aTUO9Q 1 1 1 0 15.7kb 7.8kb
--health 索引的健康狀態
--status 索引狀態信息open/close
--index 索引名
--uuid 索引的UUID
--pri 索引主分片數量
--rep 索引複製分片數量
--store.size 索引主分片 複製分片 總佔用存儲空間
--pri.store.size 索引總佔用空間, 不計算複製分片 佔用空間
#查看集羣健康狀態簡短顯示
curl localhost:9200/_cat/health?v
eg:
[es@localhost config]$ curl localhost:9200/_cat/health?v
epoch timestamp cluster status node.total node.data shards pri relo init unassign pending_tasks max_task_wait_time active_shards_percent
1592809420 07:03:40 elasticsearch green 2 2 4 2 0 0 0 0 - 100.0%
#查看集羣健康狀態詳細顯示
curl localhost:9200/_cluster/health?pretty
[es@localhost config]$ curl localhost:9200/_cluster/health?pretty
{
"cluster_name" : "elasticsearch",
"status" : "green",
"timed_out" : false,
"number_of_nodes" : 2,
"number_of_data_nodes" : 2,
"active_primary_shards" : 2,
"active_shards" : 4,
"relocating_shards" : 0,
"initializing_shards" : 0,
"unassigned_shards" : 0,
"delayed_unassigned_shards" : 0,
"number_of_pending_tasks" : 0,
"number_of_in_flight_fetch" : 0,
"task_max_waiting_in_queue_millis" : 0,
"active_shards_percent_as_number" : 100.0
}
# 查看節點列表【列出所有node, 並展示node所在機器的運行狀態信息.】
curl localhost:9200/_cat/nodes?v
[es@localhost config]$ curl localhost:9200/_cat/nodes?v
ip heap.percent ram.percent cpu load_1m load_5m load_15m node.role master name
192.168.21.131 17 94 13 0.40 0.32 0.17 dilm * localhost.localdomain
192.168.21.131 12 93 15 0.40 0.32 0.17 dilm - localhost.localdomain
--ip ip
--heap.percent 堆內存佔用百分比
--ram.percent 內存佔用百分比
--cpu CPU佔用百分比
--master *表示節點是集羣中的主節點、其他表示從節點
--name 節點名
#查看分片
curl localhost:9200/_cat/shards
[es@localhost config]$ curl localhost:9200/_cat/shards
customer1 0 p STARTED 1 3.5kb 192.168.21.131 localhost.localdomain
customer1 0 r STARTED 1 3.5kb 192.168.21.131 localhost.localdomain
customer 0 p STARTED 1 3.5kb 192.168.21.131 localhost.localdomain
customer 0 r STARTED 1 3.5kb 192.168.21.131 localhost.localdomain
--prirep p表示該分片是主分片, r 表示該分片是複製分片
#各節點機器存儲信息【列出所有node, 並展示所屬機器的配置信息】
curl localhost:9200/_cat/allocation?v
[es@localhost config]$ curl localhost:9200/_cat/allocation?v
shards disk.indices disk.used disk.avail disk.total disk.percent host ip node
2 3.8kb 6.5gb 40.4gb 46.9gb 13 192.168.21.131 192.168.21.131 localhost.localdoma
2 3.8kb 6.5gb 40.4gb 46.9gb 13 192.168.21.131 192.168.21.131 localhost.localdoma
--shards 節點說承載的分片數
--disk.indices 索引佔用的空間大小
--disk.used 節點所在機器已使用磁盤空間
--disk.avail 節點所在機器可用磁盤空間
--disk.total 節點所在機器總磁盤空間
--disk.percent 節點所在機器磁盤空間佔用百分比
--host host
--ip 節點所屬機器IP地址
--node 節點名
#獲取所有的type
curl -X GET http://localhost:9200/_mapping?pretty
[es@localhost config]$ curl -X GET http://localhost:9200/_mapping?pretty
{
"customer" : {
"mappings" : {
"properties" : {
"name" : {
"type" : "text",
"fields" : {
"keyword" : {
"type" : "keyword",
"ignore_above" : 256
}
}
}
}
}
},
"customer1" : {
"mappings" : {
"properties" : {
"name" : {
"type" : "text",
"fields" : {
"keyword" : {
"type" : "keyword",
"ignore_above" : 256
}
}
}
}
}
}
}
集羣
# 查看集羣狀態 curl localhost:9200/_cat/health?v
# 插入一條數據id爲1的文檔，如果已經存在該ID則替換改文檔
curl -X PUT "localhost:9200/customer/_doc/1?pretty&pretty" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'{"name": "John Doe"}'
# 插入一個文檔，不指定ID，ID自動生成
curl -X POST "localhost:9200/customer/_doc?pretty&pretty" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'{"name": "Jane Doe"}'
# 查詢id爲1的文檔
curl -X GET localhost:9200/customer/_doc/1?pretty
# 查詢一個索引的所有文檔
curl localhost:9200/customer/_search?pretty
# 條件查詢
curl "localhost:9200/bank/_search?q=*&sort=account_number:asc&pretty"
# 條件查詢,_source查詢的字段，size查詢條數，sort排序，query查詢條件
curl -X GET "localhost:9200/bank/_search?pretty" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
"query": { "match_all": {} },
"from":5,
"size":5,
"sort":{
"balance":{"order":"desc"}
},
"_source":["_id","name"]
}'
# 模糊查詢，match中跟要模糊查詢的字段，模糊的值在value中用空格隔開,用match_phrase它返回地址中包含短語"mill lane"的所有帳戶
curl -X GET "localhost:9200/bank/_search?pretty" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
"query": { "match": {"address":"mill lane"} },
"from":5,
"size":5,
"sort":{
"balance":{"order":"desc"}
},
"_source":["_id","name"]
}'
# 該bool must子句指定了所有必須爲true的查詢才能將文檔視爲匹配項。相反，此示例組成兩個match查詢，並返回地址中包含“ mill”或“ lane”的所有帳戶：
curl -X GET "localhost:9200/bank/_search?pretty" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
"query": {
"bool": {
"must": [
{ "match": { "address": "mill" } },
{ "match": { "address": "lane" } }
]
}
}
}'
# 該bool should子句指定了一個查詢列表，對於將文檔視爲匹配項，其中任一查詢都必須爲true。本示例組成兩個match查詢，並返回地址中既不包含“ mill”也不包含“ lane”的所有帳戶
curl -X GET "localhost:9200/bank/_search?pretty" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
"query": {
"bool": {
"should": [
{ "match": { "address": "mill" } },
{ "match": { "address": "lane" } }
]
}
}
}'
# 該bool must_not子句指定了一個查詢列表，對於被視爲匹配的文檔，沒有一個查詢列表必須爲真。我們可以在查詢中同時組合must，should和must_not子句bool。此外，我們可以bool在任何這些bool子句中組成查詢，以模仿任何複雜的多級布爾邏輯
curl -X GET "localhost:9200/bank/_search?pretty" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
"query": {
"bool": {
"must_not": [
{ "match": { "address": "mill" } },
{ "match": { "address": "lane" } }
]
}
}
}'
# 我們可以在查詢中同時組合must，should和must_not子句bool。此外，我們可以bool在任何這些bool子句中組成查詢，以模仿任何複雜的多級布爾邏輯。
curl -X GET "localhost:9200/bank/_search?pretty" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
"query": {
"bool": {
"must": [
{ "match": { "age": "40" } }
],
"must_not": [
{ "match": { "state": "ID" } }
]
}
}
}'
# filter子句，這些子句允許我們使用查詢來限制將要與其他子句匹配的文檔，而無需更改分數的計算方式。作爲示例，讓我們介紹一下rangequery，它允許我們按一定範圍的值過濾文檔。通常用於數字或日期過濾
curl -X GET "localhost:9200/bank/_search?pretty" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
"query": {
"bool": {
"must": { "match_all": {} },
"filter": {
"range": {
"balance": {
"gte": 20000,
"lte": 30000
}
}
}
}
}
}'
# 執行聚合，按狀態對所有帳戶進行分組，然後返回按計數遞減排序的前10個（默認）狀態（也是默認）
curl -X GET "localhost:9200/bank/_search?pretty" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
"size": 0,
"aggs": {
"group_by_state": {
"terms": {
"field": "state.keyword"
}
}
}
}'
# 更新ID爲1的文檔
curl -X POST "localhost:9200/customer/_doc/1/_update?pretty&pretty" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'{"doc":{"name": "Jane Doe","age":"18"}}'
# 批量更新文檔
curl -X POST "localhost:9200/customer/_doc/_bulk?pretty&pretty" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{"index":{"_id":"1"}}
{"name": "John Doe" }
{"index":{"_id":"2"}}
{"name": "Jane Doe" }'
# 刪除ID爲2的文檔
curl -X DELETE localhsot:9200/customer/_doc/2?pretty
# 批量刪除和更新
curl -X POST "localhost:9200/customer/_doc/_bulk?pretty&pretty" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{"update":{"_id":"1"}}
{"doc": { "name": "John Doe becomes Jane Doe" } }
{"delete":{"_id":"2"}}'
# 批量將accounts.json文件中的數據導入到bank索引中
curl -H "Content-Type: application/json" -XPOST "localhost:9200/bank/_doc/_bulk?pretty&refresh" --data-binary "@accounts.json"
curl -X POST "localhost:9200/twitter/_update_by_query?conflicts=proceed&pretty" -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
"query": {
"term": {
"user": "kimchy"
}
}
}
'