1.Application Layer (APL)
Highest protocol layer in the Zigbee wireless network. Consists of the APD, ZDO layers and the application framework.
Zigbee無線網絡的最高協議層。由APD、ZDO層和應用程序框架組成。
2.Application Support Sub-Layer (APS)
The application support sublayer provides an interface between the network layer (NWK) and the application layer (APL). Supports two types of services: data and management.
應用程序支持子層提供了網絡層(NWK)和應用程序層(APL)之間的接口。支持兩種類型的服務:數據和管理。
3.Attributes
An attribute is data that is associated with a cluster end and the server / client ends of a cluster may each possess multiple attributes. These are modified or communicated through commands.
屬性是與集羣端關聯的數據，集羣的服務器端/客戶機端可以具有多個屬性。它們通過命令進行修改或通信。
4.Attribute Reporting
When the value of an attribute changes, the device can notify other devices. Notifications are sent to all devices with a binding to that cluster on the device in question.
當屬性的值發生變化時，設備可以通知其他設備。將通知發送到所有設備，並將其綁定到相關設備上的集羣。
5.Beacons
In our Zigbee network, Routers periodically transmit beacons to confirm their presence to other network nodes.
在我們的Zigbee網絡中，路由器定期向其他網絡節點發送信標，以確認它們的存在。
6.Binding
Once devices are on a network, they can perform binding. This is where devices create bindings to establish application layer links. For example, an On/Off switch may perform binding to create a binding to an On/Off Light.
設備一旦進入網絡，就可以執行綁定。這是設備創建綁定以建立應用程序層鏈接的地方。例如，開/關開關可以執行綁定來創建到開/關燈的綁定。
7.Channel
Zigbee uses the same channel set as specified in 802.15.4. In the 2.4 GHz band, these channels are numbered 11 through 26. Channel numbers 0 through 10 are defined by the sub-1 GHz 802.15.4 radios, but Zigbee (at least to date), doesn't run on the sub-1 GHz radios.
Zigbee使用802.15.4中指定的相同通道集。在2.4 GHz頻段，這些通道的編號爲11到26。頻道號0到10由sub-1 GHz 802.15.4收音機定義，但是Zigbee(至少到目前爲止)不運行在sub-1 GHz收音機上。
8.Commands
Commands are used to interact with attributes such as reading and writing. Typically after an operation commands the cluster end that received the command will return a corresponding response.
命令用於與諸如讀寫之類的屬性交互。通常，在操作命令之後，接收該命令的集羣端將返回相應的響應。
9.Coordinator
A Zigbee coordinator (ZC) controls the network and is responsible for forming the network. A coordinator is a router with some additional functionality. The Zigbee coordinator functionality includes selecting the channel to form the network on after scanning for the best network and selecting an extended PAN ID. After forming the network, the coordinator acts as a router.For most applications the Coordinator has additional roles such as being the trust center and network manager. The trust center manages the security settings and authorizations for the network. The network manager monitors and corrects network issues such as PAN ID conflicts or channel changing due to interference.
Zigbee協調器(ZC)控制網絡並負責形成網絡。協調器是具有一些附加功能的路由器。Zigbee協調器的功能包括掃描最佳網絡後選擇通道形成網絡，並選擇擴展的PAN ID，形成網絡後協調器充當路由器。對於大多數應用程序，協調器具有附加的角色，比如作爲信任中心和網絡管理器。信任中心管理網絡的安全設置和授權。網絡管理器監視和
10.End Device (ED)
End devices (ZED) are leaf nodes. They communicate only through their parent nodes and, unlike router devices, cannot relay messages intended for other nodes.
終端設備(ZED)是葉節點。它們只通過父節點進行通信，而且與路由器設備不同，它們不能傳遞針對其他節點的消息。
11.Extended PAN ID (EPID)
8 byte extended PAN ID. Extension to the regular 16-bit PAN ID added to facilitate provisioning and PAN ID conflict detection.
擴展到常規16位的PAN ID，以方便配置和PAN ID衝突檢測。
12.PAN ID
Personal Area Network Identification. Identifies a network and differentiates it from other networks.
個人區域網絡識別。識別網絡並將其與其他網絡區分開來。
13.Medium Access Control layer (MAC)
Responsible for generating beacons and synchronizing the device to the beacons(in a beacon enabled network). Also provides association and disassociation services.
負責生成信標並將設備同步到信標(在啓用信標的網絡中)。還提供關聯和解除關聯服務。
14.Mobile End Device
A sleepy end device with enhanced capabilities that enable it to change its physical location and quickly switch to a new parent router. This device type is a Silicon Labs modification to the basic Zigbee sleepy end device to provide added capabilities and management of mobile devices.
休眠終端設備，具有增強的功能，使其能夠更改物理位置，並快速切換到新的父路由器。該設備類型是硅實驗室對基本Zigbee休眠端設備的修改，以提供移動設備的附加功能和管理。
15.Message Integrity Code
AES-128 is used to create a hash of the entire network portion of the message (header and payload), which is appended to the end of the message. This hash is known as the Message Integrity Code (MIC)
AES-128用於創建消息的整個網絡部分(報頭和有效負載)的散列，該散列附加到消息的末尾。這個散列稱爲消息完整性代碼(MIC)
16.Network Dissolve
Term used to describe the action whereby the coordinator on a network issues a leave request to itself thereby dissolving the network. Existing devices on the network will no longer be able to communicate.
用於描述網絡上的協調器向自身發出休假請求從而解散網絡的操作的術語。網絡上現有的設備將不再能夠通信。
17.Network Layer (NWK)
The NWK layer is responsible for managing the network formation and Routing. Interfaces between the MAC and APL
NWK層負責管理網絡的形成和路由。MAC和APL之間的接口
18.Network Leave
Term used to describe the action whereby the coordinator on a network issues a leave request to itself thereby dissolving the network. Existing devices on the network will no longer be able to communicate.
用於描述網絡上的協調器向自身發出休假請求從而解散網絡的操作的術語。網絡上現有的設備將不再能夠通信。
19.Network Manager
The network manager monitors and corrects network issues such as PAN ID conflicts or Channel changing due to interference.
網絡管理器監視和糾正網絡問題，如PAN ID衝突或由於干擾導致的通道更改。
20.Over the Air (OTA)
Mechanism that allows devices to interact and be upgraded via wireless signals rather than a serial connection.
允許設備通過無線信號而不是串行連接進行交互和升級的機制。
21.Non-Sleepy End Device
Does not route messages for other devices but they remain powered during operation. These devices are known as Rx-on-when-idle devices. This is a standard Zigbee device type.
不爲其他設備路由消息，但它們在運行期間仍處於通電狀態。這些設備稱爲Rx-on-when-idle設備。這是一個標準的Zigbee設備類型。
22.Routing
Routing is the process of selecting the path through which the messages will be relayed to its destination device. The coordinator and routers are responsible for discovering and maintaining the routes in the network.
路由是選擇將消息轉發到其目標設備的路徑的過程。協調器和路由器負責發現和維護網絡中的路由。
23.Sleepy End Device
Power down their radio when idle, and thus con-serve resources. However, they must poll their parent node to receive incoming messages and acknowledgements; no data is sent to the sleepy end device until the end device requests it. Sleepy end devices are also sometimes known as rx-off-when- idle devices. This is a standard Zigbee device type.
空閒時關掉收音機，這樣可以節省資源。但是，它們必須輪詢父節點以接收傳入消息和確認;在終端設備發出請求之前，不會向休眠的終端設備發送任何數據。休眠終端設備有時也稱爲rx-off-when- idle設備。這是一個標準的Zigbee設備類型。
24.Trust Centre
Manages security settings and authorizations for the network.
管理網絡的安全設置和授權。
25.Zigbee Compliant Platform (ZCP)
Platforms need to be Zigbee specification compliant to allow for product interoperability and these hardware/software technology can in turn be certified.
平臺需要符合Zigbee規範，以允許產品互操作性，這些硬件/軟件技術也可以通過認證。
26.Zigbee Cluster Library (ZCL)
In Zigbee a Cluster is a message or collection of messages pertaining to a given application domain. Cluster Libraries were designed to provide Cluster reusability by abstracting Clusters across several domains and placing them in a library, organized according to the functional domains (e.g., lighting, on/off,HVAC, closures).
在Zigbee中，集羣是屬於給定應用程序域的消息或消息集合。集羣庫的設計目的是通過對跨多個域的集羣進行抽象，並將它們放在一個庫中，根據功能域(例如，照明、開/關、HVAC、關閉)進行組織，從而提供集羣的可重用性。
27.Zigbee Device Object (ZDO)
The ZDO (occupies Endpoint 0 of each node) entity defined by the Zigbee Networking Specification for use in network management and information gathering. Responsible for initializing the APS,NWK and Security Service Provider and can be seen as an interface between the application framework and the APS sublayer.
ZDO(佔用每個節點的端點0)實體由Zigbee網絡規範定義，用於網絡管理和信息收集。負責初始化APS、NWK和安全服務提供者，可以將其視爲應用程序框架和APS子層之間的接口。
28.Zigbee Device Profile (ZDP)
Similar to the application profiles defines in the application framework, there is a profile defined for the ZDO known as the ZDP or also known as the device profile. The ZDP contains contains device descriptions and clusters, however the ZDP clusters do not employ attributes. Another difference between the application profile and the ZDP is that the application profile is created for a specific application, whereas the device profile defines capabilities supported by all Zigbee devices.
與應用程序框架中定義的應用程序概要文件類似，爲ZDO定義了一個概要文件，稱爲ZDP或設備概要文件。ZDP包含設備描述和集羣，但是ZDP集羣不使用屬性。應用程序概要文件和ZDP之間的另一個區別是，應用程序概要文件是爲特定的應用程序創建的，而設備概要文件定義了所有Zigbee設備支持的功能。
29.Radio
Radio is a technique that enables the communication of signals representing information over the electromagnetic spectrum. In general the process used is as follows.
無線電是一種能使代表信息的信號在電磁頻譜上通信的技術。通常使用的過程如下：
- A carrier wave is created, via an oscillator, at a given frequency and with a given bandwidth（載流子波是通過振盪器以給定的頻率和帶寬產生的）
- Modulation of this wave with the information to be communicated is performed（用要傳遞的信息對這個波進行調製）
- Additional coding of the signal in an effort in an attempt to compensate for the uncertain nature of radio communications and technical artifacts associated with electromagnetic waves is done（爲了補償無線電通信和與電磁波有關的技術僞影的不確定性質，對信號進行了額外編碼）
- The signal is amplified（信號被放大了）
- The signal is applied to a transmit antenna, and the signal enters the radio channel（信號被應用於發射天線，信號進入無線電信道）
30.Amplifier
Amplifiers are electronic circuits that boost the power (increase the amplitude) of a signal fed to them. While many different types of amplifiers are broadly applied across many electronic applications, two important amplifiers used in wireless include the power amplifier (PA), which is used to boost the signal sent to a transmit antenna, and the low-noise amplifier (LNA), used to boost the typically very weak signal appearing at a receiving antenna.
放大器是一種電子電路，它能提高輸入信號的功率(增加幅度)。在許多不同類型的放大器廣泛應用在許多電子應用中,兩個重要的放大器用於無線包括功率放大器(PA),用於提高信號發送到發送天線,和低噪聲放大器(LNA),用於提高通常非常微弱的信號出現在一個接收天線。
31.Antenna
An Antenna acts as the interface between the radio waves on the electromagnetic spectrum and the rest of the system.Antennas cover a broad range of designs and applications, from simple "whip" antennas to so-called "smart" antennas with active (powered) electronic components.In general, antenna designs are optimized for a specific range of frequencies, with lower frequencies usually requiring physically larger antennas, and are either "omnidirectional", transmitting towards and receiving from all directions simultaneously, or "directional", optimizing both transmission and reception across a limited number of degrees of arc.
天線作爲電磁波譜上無線電波與系統其餘部分之間的接口。天線涵蓋了廣泛的設計和應用，從簡單的“鞭狀”天線到帶有有源(電力)電子元件的所謂“智能”天線。一般來說，天線的設計是針對特定的頻率範圍進行優化的，較低的頻率通常需要更大的物理天線，要麼是“全向”的，同時從各個方向發射和接收，要麼是“定向”的，優化整個l
32.Band
A range of frequencies utilized for a given transmission. A band is often subdivided by a given frequency range into channels that are statically or dynamically assigned and individually utilized for a given service or application.
用於給定傳輸的頻率範圍。頻帶通常被給定的頻率範圍細分爲靜態或動態分配的通道，並單獨用於給定的服務或應用程序。
33.Bandwidth
The range and thus amount of spectrum utilized in a given transmission, with the nominal frequency being the centre of this range.
在給定的傳輸中使用的頻譜的範圍和數量，以標稱頻率爲該範圍的中心。
34.Capacity
The term capacity is often used to describe the ability of a shared channel to carry the maximum information at any given moment in time, as opposed to maximum throughput for any given transmitter. Capacity refers to an upper bound on the ability of any given channel to support simultaneous, distinct, and diverse communications and is usually more important than throughput in the specification, design and operation of most implementations.
容量這個術語通常用來描述共享信道在任何給定時刻承載最大信息的能力，而不是任何給定發射機的最大吞吐量。容量是指任何給定通道支持同時、不同和不同通信的能力的上限，在大多數實現的規範、設計和操作中，容量通常比吞吐量更重要。
35.Congestion
Congestion is a phenomenon that occurs when the capacity of a channel is oversubscribed. This leads to the need for queuing that delays access to the channel, at least for some traffic. Techniques designed to address congestion include prioritization schemes such as quality of service (QoS) and class of service (CoS); data compression; and the addition of more capacity via the utilization of additional bands or channels.
擁塞是當信道容量被超額訂閱時發生的一種現象。這導致需要排隊，這會延遲對通道的訪問，至少對某些流量是這樣。旨在解決擁塞問題的技術包括服務質量(QoS)和服務類別(CoS)等優先級方案;數據壓縮;通過使用額外的頻帶或信道來增加更多的容量。
36.Interference
Interference is a general term for signals that conflict with a given signal that is intentionally being transmitted. The net effect of interference is a given signal in effect becomes weaker, even to the point where the intended receiver can no longer detect the signal.
干擾是一個通用的術語，指的是信號與有意傳輸的給定信號發生衝突。干擾的淨效應是一個給定的信號在實際作用下變得越來越弱，甚至到了預定的接收機無法再檢測到信號的地步。
37.Line of Sight (LoS)
Line of sight refers to a clear, unobstructed physical path between a given transmitter and receiver. For many applications, LoS is essential, especially at very high frequencies which only propagate linearly and not very well (if at all) through obstructions. When LoS is not feasible, it may be possible to use additional radios to relay around the obstruction, with the use of mesh techniques. Mesh Network topologies are the backbone of Zigbee networks as well as other IoT standards.
視線是指在給定的發射機和接收機之間的一條清晰、暢通的物理路徑。對於許多應用來說，LoS是必不可少的，特別是在非常高的頻率下，它只能線性傳播，並且不能很好地(如果有的話)通過障礙物。當LoS不可行時，可以使用額外的無線電在障礙物周圍進行中繼，並使用網格技術。網狀網絡拓撲是Zigbee網絡和其他物聯網標準的主幹。
38.Wireless Network Topology
Topology refers to the logical and/or geometric orientation of a given network implementation. In wireless, three key topologies come into play
拓撲是指給定網絡實現的邏輯和/或幾何方向。在無線領域，有三種關鍵的拓撲結構
- "P2P"(point-to-point) means that every node in a given network must be able to communicate directly with every other node. The logistics here can become quite complex, so P2P is limited to single connections between two nodes or for connections among a small number of nodes within close physical proximity to one another.（“P2P”(點對點)意味着給定網絡中的每個節點都必須能夠與其他節點直接通信。這裏的物流可能會變得相當複雜，因此P2P僅限於兩個節點之間的單個連接，或者是物理上相互接近的少量節點之間的連接。）
- A "Star" (point-to-multipoint) configuration where all traffic between nodes in the network (and beyond, via bridging) must go through a single central point. For instance, Cellular networks are P2MP with handoff of client traffic to other cells via backhaul facilities.（一種“星型”(點對多點)配置，其中網絡中(以及網絡之外，通過橋接)節點之間的所有通信都必須通過一箇中心點。例如，蜂窩網絡是P2MP，通過回程設施將客戶機流量切換到其他單元。）
- "Mesh" configuration enables the construction of arbitrarily large and complex configurations by enabling traffic to flow through intermediate nodes, which act like switches forwarding traffic not intended for the relaying node itself. Many possible implementations and configurations are possible here, and both infrastructure and client nodes can, in theory, serve as relay points.（“網格”配置允許通過中間節點傳輸流量，從而構建任意大型和複雜的配置，這些中間節點的作用類似於轉發流量的交換機，而不是爲中繼節點本身轉發流量。這裏有許多可能的實現和配置，從理論上講，基礎設施和客戶機節點都可以充當中繼點。）