一、開通SMTP
SMTP是一種簡單的郵件傳輸協議,SMTP只能夠推送郵件,如果想要在郵件服務器上下拉郵件,可以使用POP3或者IMAP協議。
自己的郵箱就可以開通SMTP,以QQ郵箱爲例(163或者其他郵箱開通大同小異)
1)打開自己的QQ郵箱—【設置】—【賬戶】—【POP3/IMAP/SMTP/Exchange/CardDAV/CalDAV服務】
將這幾個開啓,如果你沒有開啓的話,開啓後點擊頁面上的【生成授權碼】,然後根據提示(發送短信)操作就可以。
這裏的授權碼在代碼中要用到,用於發送郵件時的密碼,注意這裏不是登陸郵箱的密碼,可以生成多個授權碼,有這個授權碼就可以通過你的郵箱發送郵件。開通完畢
二、springboot中配置mail(spring boot環境已經搭好)
- application.yml文件如下
spring:
mail:
#如果是163 就爲 smtp.163.com
host: smtp.qq.com
#剛纔開通了SMTP的QQ郵箱
username: 你的QQ郵箱@foxmail.com
# 在頁面生成的授權碼
password: 授權碼
default-encoding: utf-8
protocol: smtp
# 默認端口
port: 25
properties:
mail:
smtp:
# 設置是否需要認證,如果爲true,那麼用戶名和密碼就必須的,
# 如果設置false,可以不設置用戶名和密碼,當然也得看你的對接的平臺是否支持無密碼進行訪問的。
auth: true
starttls:
# STARTTLS[1] 是對純文本通信協議的擴展。它提供一種方式將純文本連接升級爲加密連接(TLS或SSL),而不是另外使用一個端口作加密通信。
enable: true
required: true
#郵件配置(自定義設置,主要配置了收件人和發件人,這些可以當做發送郵件的參數)
mail-config:
environmental: 郵件測試
# 發件人郵箱
from: 發件人@foxmail.com
# 收件人郵箱(抄送人)
recipient:
- "收件人1的郵箱@foxmail.com"
- "收件人2的郵箱@qq.com"
2)maven依賴
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-mail</artifactId>
</dependency>
3)讀取發件人和收件人配置類
package com.zlc.mail.coonfig;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
/**
* @描述 : 郵件配置
* @Author : 追到烏雲的盡頭找太陽
* @Date : 2019/10/18 14:52
**/
@Configuration
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "mail-config")
public class MailConfig {
private String environmental;
private String from;
private String [] recipient = null;
public String getFrom() {
return from;
}
public void setFrom(String from) {
this.from = from;
}
public String[] getRecipient() {
return recipient;
}
public void setRecipient(String[] recipient) {
this.recipient = recipient;
}
public String getEnvironmental() {
return environmental;
}
public void setEnvironmental(String environmental) {
this.environmental = environmental;
}
}
4)發送郵件工具類
package com.zlc.mail.util;
import com.zlc.mail.coonfig.MailConfig;
import org.springframework.core.io.FileSystemResource;
import org.springframework.mail.SimpleMailMessage;
import org.springframework.mail.javamail.JavaMailSender;
import org.springframework.mail.javamail.MimeMessageHelper;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import javax.mail.MessagingException;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import java.io.File;
/**
* @描述 : 郵件工具
* @Author : zlc
* @Date : 2019/10/10 16:41
**/
@Component
public class MailUtil {
private final JavaMailSender mailSender;
private final MailConfig mailConfig;
public MailUtil(JavaMailSender mailSender , MailConfig mailConfig) {
this.mailSender = mailSender;
this.mailConfig = mailConfig;
}
public void sendSimpleMail(String subject, String content) {
// new 一個簡單郵件消息對象
SimpleMailMessage message = new SimpleMailMessage();
// 和配置文件中的的username相同,相當於發送方
message.setFrom(mailConfig.getFrom());
// setCc 抄送,setTo 發送,setBCc密送
message.setCc(mailConfig.getRecipient());
message.setSubject("【類型】:【文本】-【來源】【" + mailConfig.getEnvironmental() + "】-主題【" + subject + "】");
// 正文
message.setText(content);
// 發送
mailSender.send(message);
}
public void sendHtmlMail(String subject, String content) {
//使用MimeMessage,MIME協議
MimeMessage message = mailSender.createMimeMessage();
MimeMessageHelper helper;
//MimeMessageHelper幫助我們設置更豐富的內容
try {
helper = new MimeMessageHelper(message, true);
helper.setFrom(mailConfig.getFrom());
helper.setTo(mailConfig.getRecipient());
helper.setSubject("【類型】:【HTML】【來源】-【" + mailConfig.getEnvironmental() + "】-主題【" + subject + "】");
//true代表支持html
helper.setText(content, true);
mailSender.send(message);
} catch (MessagingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
// logger.error("發送HTML郵件失敗:", e);
}
}
public void sendAttachmentMail(String subject, String content, File file) {
MimeMessage message = mailSender.createMimeMessage();
MimeMessageHelper helper;
try {
helper = new MimeMessageHelper(message, true);
//true代表支持多組件,如附件,圖片等
helper.setFrom(mailConfig.getFrom());
helper.setTo(mailConfig.getRecipient());
helper.setSubject("【類型】:【附件】-【來源】-【" + mailConfig.getEnvironmental() + "】-主題【" + subject + "】");
helper.setText(content, true);
FileSystemResource file1 = new FileSystemResource(file);
String fileName = file1.getFilename();
//添加附件,可多次調用該方法添加多個附件
helper.addAttachment(fileName, file1);
mailSender.send(message);
} catch (MessagingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public void sendInlineResourceMail(String subject, String content, String rscPath, String rscId) {
MimeMessage message = mailSender.createMimeMessage();
MimeMessageHelper helper;
try {
helper = new MimeMessageHelper(message, true);
helper.setFrom(mailConfig.getFrom());
helper.setTo(mailConfig.getRecipient());
helper.setSubject("【類型】:【圖片】-【來源】-【" + mailConfig.getEnvironmental() + "】-主題【" + subject + "】");
helper.setText(content, true);
FileSystemResource res = new FileSystemResource(new File(rscPath));
//重複使用添加多個圖片
helper.addInline(rscId, res);
mailSender.send(message);
} catch (MessagingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
三、普通發送郵件的類,和是否SpringBoot沒關係
package com.zlc.mail.javamail;
import javax.activation.DataHandler;
import javax.activation.FileDataSource;
import javax.mail.Message;
import javax.mail.MessagingException;
import javax.mail.Session;
import javax.mail.Transport;
import javax.mail.internet.*;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.util.Properties;
/**
* @author : 追到烏雲的盡頭找太陽-(Jacob)
* @date : 2019/10/29 17:51
**/
public class MailUtil {
public static void sendImageMail(String subject, String conent, String imagePath ) throws MessagingException {
// 郵件配置文件
Properties properties = new Properties();
properties.setProperty("mail.protocol","smtp");
properties.setProperty("mail.host","smtp.qq.com");
properties.setProperty("mail.smtp.auth", "true");
//發送郵件時使用的環境配置
Session session = Session.getInstance(properties);
//session.setDebug(true);
MimeMessage message = new MimeMessage(session);
//設置郵件的頭
message.setFrom(new InternetAddress("發件人郵箱地址@foxmail.com"));
message.setRecipients(Message.RecipientType.TO, "收件人郵箱@foxmail.com");
message.setSubject("【人臉識別】-【主題】-【" + subject + "】");
//設置正文
//搞出文本部分
MimeBodyPart textPart = new MimeBodyPart();
//搞圖片部分
MimeBodyPart imagePart = new MimeBodyPart();
imagePart.setContentID("mm");
//把磁盤上的文件加到part中使用到了JAF框架
try {
DataHandler dh = new DataHandler(new FileDataSource(imagePath));
imagePart.setDataHandler(dh);
}catch (Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
conent+="讀取圖片異常,異常信息爲:" + e.getMessage();
}
textPart.setContent("<h3>內容:"+ conent +"<br/><img src='cid:mm'/>", "text/html");
MimeMultipart mp = new MimeMultipart();
mp.addBodyPart(textPart);
mp.addBodyPart(imagePart);
//有關係的
mp.setSubType("related");
message.setContent(mp);
message.saveChanges();
//發送郵件
Transport ts = session.getTransport();
//密碼爲授權碼不是郵箱的登錄密碼
ts.connect("開通了smtp的郵箱地址@foxmail.com", "授權碼");
//對象,用實例方法
ts.sendMessage(message, message.getAllRecipients());
}
public static void sendEnclosureMail(String subject, String conent ,String imagePath, String filePath) throws MessagingException {
Properties props = new Properties();
props.setProperty("mail.protocol", "smtp");
props.setProperty("mail.host", "smtp.qq.com");
props.setProperty("mail.smtp.auth", "true");
Session session = Session.getInstance(props);
//發送郵件時使用的環境配置
MimeMessage message = new MimeMessage(session);
//設置郵件的頭
message.setFrom(new InternetAddress("發件人郵箱地址@foxmail.com"));
message.setRecipients(Message.RecipientType.TO, "收件人郵箱地址@foxmail.com");
message.setSubject("【人臉識別】-【主題】-【" + subject + "】");
//設置正文
//搞出文本部分
MimeBodyPart textPart = new MimeBodyPart();
MimeBodyPart imagePart = new MimeBodyPart();
DataHandler dh = new DataHandler(new FileDataSource(""));
if ("" != imagePath || null != imagePath) {
textPart.setContent("圖片<img src='cid:mm'/>", "text/html;charset=UTF-8");
//搞圖片部分
imagePart.setContentID("mm");
//把磁盤上的文件加到part中使用到了JAF框架
dh = new DataHandler(new FileDataSource(imagePath));
imagePart.setDataHandler(dh);
}
MimeMultipart mp = new MimeMultipart();
mp.addBodyPart(textPart);
mp.addBodyPart(imagePart);
mp.setSubType("related");
MimeBodyPart textImagePart = new MimeBodyPart();
textImagePart.setContent(mp);
//創建附件部分
MimeBodyPart attachmentPart = new MimeBodyPart();
if ("" != filePath || null != filePath){
dh = new DataHandler(new FileDataSource(filePath));
}
String filename = dh.getName();
attachmentPart.setDataHandler(dh);
//手工設置文件名 防止亂碼使用 javaMail裏的 MimeUtility進行編碼
try {
attachmentPart.setFileName(MimeUtility.encodeText(filename));
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
//最終的 MimeMultipart
MimeMultipart finalMp = new MimeMultipart();
finalMp.addBodyPart(attachmentPart);
finalMp.addBodyPart(textImagePart);
finalMp.setSubType("mixed");
message.setContent(finalMp);
message.saveChanges();
//發送郵件
Transport ts = session.getTransport();
ts.connect("開啓了smtp的郵箱地址@foxmail.com", "授權碼");
ts.sendMessage(message, message.getAllRecipients());
}
}