客戶端代碼
package com.lyzx.netty.netty03;
import io.netty.bootstrap.Bootstrap;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandler;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelOption;
import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioSocketChannel;
import io.netty.handler.codec.FixedLengthFrameDecoder;
public class Client {
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
NioEventLoopGroup group = new NioEventLoopGroup();
Bootstrap b = new Bootstrap();
b.group(group)
.channel(NioSocketChannel.class)
.option(ChannelOption.TCP_NODELAY,true)
.handler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>(){
@Override
protected void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception{
ChannelHandler[] arr = {new FixedLengthFrameDecoder(64),new ClientHandler()};
ch.pipeline().addLast(arr);
}
});
ChannelFuture f = b.connect("127.0.0.1", 9988).sync();
f.channel().closeFuture().sync();
group.shutdownGracefully();
}
}
客戶端handler
package com.lyzx.netty.netty03;
import io.netty.buffer.ByteBuf;
import io.netty.buffer.Unpooled;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter;
import java.util.Arrays;
public class ClientHandler extends ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter {
@Override
public void channelActive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
System.out.println("client:channelActive____通道激活開始");
for(int i=0;i<20;i++){
char[] charArr = new char[64];
Arrays.fill(charArr,' ');
String req = "request0000000000_"+i;
for(int j=0,count=req.length();j<count;j++){
charArr[j] = req.charAt(j);
}
String reqInfo = new String(charArr);
System.out.println("client:====================="+reqInfo+" "+reqInfo.length());
ctx.channel().writeAndFlush(Unpooled.copiedBuffer(reqInfo.getBytes()));
}
System.out.println("client:channelActive____通道激活結束");
}
@Override
public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx,Object msg) throws Exception {
System.out.println("client____:通道可讀開始");
ByteBuf buff = (ByteBuf)msg;
byte[] bytes = new byte[buff.readableBytes()];
buff.readBytes(bytes);
System.out.println("client____response time:"+new String(bytes).trim());
System.out.println("client____:通道可讀結束");
}
/**
* 類似於AOP的後置通知 在這裏當通道讀取完畢後關閉通道
* @param ctx
* @throws Exception
*/
@Override
public void channelReadComplete(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
System.out.println("client:通道可讀完成");
// ctx.channel().close();
// ctx.close();
}
@Override
public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) throws Exception {
System.out.println("client:發生異常");
}
}
服務端代碼
package com.lyzx.netty.netty03;
import io.netty.bootstrap.ServerBootstrap;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandler;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelOption;
import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;
import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;
import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioServerSocketChannel;
import io.netty.handler.codec.FixedLengthFrameDecoder;
/**
* @author hero.li
* 測試netty的拆包粘包問題
* 拆包粘包的出現的底層原因是
* TCP協議只是一個傳輸控制協議,TCP協議只需要把數據在客戶端和服務端之間傳輸
* 而並不知道這些數據的具體含義,就像水流一樣,只要把數據傳輸成功就完成任務
* 對於數據可能按照自己的一些規則組合更高效的傳輸,在組合的時候就無意中改變了
* 上層業務數據的"規則" 這就是拆包粘包問題
*
* 解決方案有3 種
* 1、分隔符
* 只需要在客戶端和服務端的消息過濾器上加上DelimiterBasedFrameDecoder的實現即可
* 注意:在發送消息時就需要加上分隔符(客戶端和服務端都要加)
* 2、消息定長
* 定義每一條信息都一樣長,比如64個字符,如果某一條消息的大小不足64字符就手動補齊到64字符
* 注意是手動補齊,如果不補齊那麼久等到channel寫到64個字符時發送出去
* 還有一點要注意下寫數據時注意用WriteAndFlush
*
* 3、自定義協議,報文頭和報文體,其中報文頭記錄報文體的長度
*/
public class Server {
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
//開啓兩個線程組,一個用於接受客戶端的請求 另一個用於異步的網絡IO的讀寫
NioEventLoopGroup bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
NioEventLoopGroup workerGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();
//Netty啓動的輔助類 裏面封裝了客戶端和服務端的鏈接以及如何處理選擇器 selector等邏輯
ServerBootstrap b = new ServerBootstrap();
//傳入兩個線程組,設置傳輸塊大小爲1k,添加ServerHandler類型的過濾器(表示如何處理這些消息,過濾器當然要集成netty的一個接口)
b.group(bossGroup,workerGroup)
.channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class)
.option(ChannelOption.SO_BACKLOG,1024)
.childOption(ChannelOption.SO_KEEPALIVE,Boolean.TRUE)
.childHandler(new ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel>(){
@Override
protected void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) throws Exception {
ChannelHandler[] arr = {new FixedLengthFrameDecoder(64),new ServerHandler()};
ch.pipeline().addLast(arr);
}
});
//同步等待綁定端口結束
ChannelFuture f = b.bind(9988).sync();
//等待服務端監聽端口關閉
f.channel().closeFuture().sync();
//優雅的關閉線程組
bossGroup.shutdownGracefully();
workerGroup.shutdownGracefully();
}
}
服務端handler
package com.lyzx.netty.netty03;
import io.netty.buffer.ByteBuf;
import io.netty.buffer.Unpooled;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;
import io.netty.channel.ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter;
import java.time.LocalDateTime;
import java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter;
import java.util.Arrays;
/**
* 對於網事件做讀寫,通常只要關注channelRead()和exceptionCaught()即可
*/
public class ServerHandler extends ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter {
@Override
public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) throws Exception {
System.out.println("server:channelRead____通道可讀開始");
//從msg對象中獲取消息並打印
ByteBuf buff = (ByteBuf)msg;
byte[] bytes = new byte[buff.readableBytes()];
buff.readBytes(bytes);
System.out.println("server:收到的消息____:"+new String(bytes).trim());
String datetime = LocalDateTime.now().format(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss:SSS"));
char[] responseCharArrData = new char[64];
Arrays.fill(responseCharArrData,' ');
for(int i=0,count=datetime.length();i<count;i++){
responseCharArrData[i] = datetime.charAt(i);
}
String responseData = new String(responseCharArrData);
ctx.writeAndFlush(Unpooled.copiedBuffer(responseData.getBytes()));
System.out.println("server:channelRead____通道可讀結束");
}
@Override
public void channelReadComplete(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception {
System.out.println("server:channelReadComplete____通道可讀完成 ");
// ctx.flush();
}
@Override
public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) throws Exception {
System.out.println("server:exceptionCaught____發生異常");
ctx.close();
}
}