<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>
classpath:applicationContext.xml
</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
Spring 在web環境中通過ContextLoaderListener監聽器啓動,通過加載指定目錄下的spring配置文件,Web服務器啓動spring的初始化過程,如果沒有指定,spring會默認加載
/WEB-INF 下的applicationContext.xml.
ContextLoaderListener實現了ServletContextListener接口,當ContextLoaderListener監聽器啓動時調用contextInitialized方法初始化spring的web應用上下文。
/**
* Initialize the root web application context.
*/
@Override
public void contextInitialized(ServletContextEvent event) {
//初始化web應用上下文
initWebApplicationContext(event.getServletContext());
}
contextLoaderListerner初始化web應用上下文源碼如下:
public WebApplicationContext initWebApplicationContext(ServletContext servletContext) {
////判斷在Servlet上下文中Spring Web應用給根上下文是否已經存在
if (servletContext.getAttribute(WebApplicationContext.
ROOT_WEB_APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE) != null) {
throw new IllegalStateException(
"Cannot initialize context because there is already a root " +
"check whether you have multiple ContextLoader* definitions in your web.xml!");
}
//記錄日誌
Log logger = LogFactory.getLog(ContextLoader.class);
servletContext.log("Initializing Spring root WebApplicationContext");
if (logger.isInfoEnabled()) { //是否是info級別日誌, 提升性能
logger.info("Root WebApplicationContext: initialization started");
}
//開始時間
long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
try {
// Store context in local instance variable, to guarantee that
// it is available on ServletContext shutdown.
if (this.context == null) {
this.context = createWebApplicationContext(servletContext); //創建web應用上下文
}
if (this.context instanceof ConfigurableWebApplicationContext) {
ConfigurableWebApplicationContext cwa=(ConfigurableWebApplicationContext) this.context;
if (!cwac.isActive()) {
// The context has not yet been refreshed -> provide services such as
// setting the parent context, setting the application context id, etc
if (cwac.getParent() == null) {
// The context instance was injected without an explicit parent ->
// determine parent for root web application context, if any.
ApplicationContext parent = loadParentContext(servletContext);
cwac.setParent(parent); //設置父容器
}
configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext(cwac, servletContext);
}
}
servletContext.setAttribute(WebApplicationContext.
ROOT_WEB_APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE , this.context);
ClassLoader ccl = Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader();
//如果當前線程的類加載器是contextLoader,則將當前上下文設置爲創建的web應用上下文
if (ccl == ContextLoader.class.getClassLoader()) {
currentContext = this.context;
}
//如果當前線程的容器類加載器不爲null,則將創建的web應用上下文和其類
//加載器緩存在容器類加載器—>Web應用上下文Map集合中
else if (ccl != null) {
currentContextPerThread.put(ccl, this.context);
}
if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
logger.debug("Published root WebApplicationContext
as ServletContext attribute with name [" +
WebApplicationContext.ROOT_WEB_APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE + "]");
}
if (logger.isInfoEnabled()) {
long elapsedTime = System.currentTimeMillis() - startTime;
logger.info("Root WebApplicationContext: initialization
completed in " + elapsedTime + " ms");
}
return this.context;
}
catch (RuntimeException ex) {
logger.error("Context initialization failed", ex);
.ROOT_WEB_APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE, ex);
throw ex;
}
catch (Error err) {
logger.error("Context initialization failed", err);
servletContext.setAttribute(WebApplicationContext.
ROOT_WEB_APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE, err);
throw err;
}
}