開發人員在編碼完成之後,完善代碼的單元測試,有利於提高代碼質量,減少Bug數blablabla……….廢話不多說 直接上代碼:
//用於計算a+b+c
@Data
public class CalculatorAbc {
private int a;
private int b;
private int c;
private CalculatorAb calculatorAb;
public int add(int a, int b, int c) {
return calculatorAb.add(a,b) + c;
}
}
//用於計算a+b
@Data
public class CalculatorAb {
private int a;
private int b;
public int add(int a, int b) {
return a + b;
}
}
假設現在A程序員要測試自己寫的CalculatorAbc,但這個方法呢,又用到了B程序員寫的CalculatorAb,B有可能是通過dubbo調用的別人的服務,所以就要把B寫的calculatorAb.add()這個方法mocked掉,正常寫法:
@RunWith(JMockit.class)
public class CalculatorAbcTest {
@Tested
CalculatorAbc calculatorAbc;
@Injectable
CalculatorAb calculatorAb;
@Test
public void testAdd(){
new NonStrictExpectations(){
{
calculatorAb.add(anyInt, anyInt);
result = 5;
}
};
int res = calculatorAbc.add(1,4,2);
Assert.assertEquals(7, res);
}
}
然後問題就來了,我要是測試多組數據怎麼辦,改入參,期望?不僅麻煩,而且測試數據沒有保存,再來看一下參數化(多參數)測試:
/**
* 多參數測試
*/
@RunWith(Parameterized.class)
public class ParamCalculatorAbTest {
private int expected;
private int inputA;
private int inputB;
public ParamCalculatorAbTest(int expected, int inputA, int inputB){
this.expected = expected;
this.inputA = inputA;
this.inputB = inputB;
}
//參數數據準備
@Parameterized.Parameters
public static Collection<Object[]> t() {
return Arrays.asList(new Object[][]{
{8, 5, 3},
{11, 7, 18},
{0, 0, 0},
{14, 8, 22}
});
}
@Test
public void testAdd() {
CalculatorAb cal = new CalculatorAb();
Assert.assertEquals(expected, cal.add(inputA, inputB));
}
}
利用參數化測試可以一次測試多組數據,測試數據生成位置統一,便於測試數據的準備和管理,也可通過文件讀取等方式加載,準備測試數據
這麼好的東西,不能和mocked結合怎麼行
/**
* 參數化mocked測試
*/
@RunWith(Parameterized.class)
public class ParamCalculatorAbcTest {
@Tested
CalculatorAbc calculatorAbc;
@Injectable
CalculatorAb calculatorAb;
private int expected;
private int mocked;
private int inputA;
private int inputB;
private int inputC;
public ParamCalculatorAbcTest(int expected, int mocked, int inputA, int inputB, int inputC){
this.expected = expected;
this.mocked = mocked;
this.inputA = inputA;
this.inputB = inputB;
this.inputC = inputC;
}
@Parameterized.Parameters
public static Collection<Object[]> t() {
return Arrays.asList(new Object[][]{
{8, 5, 2, 3, 3},
{11, 7, 2, 5, 4},
{0, 0, 0, 4, 0},
{14, 8, 4, 5, 6}
});
}
@Test
public void testAdd(){
new NonStrictExpectations(){
{
calculatorAb.add(anyInt, anyInt);
result = mocked;
}
};
int res = calculatorAbc.add(inputA,inputB,inputC);
Assert.assertEquals(expected, res);
}
}
測試結果:
這樣一來 所有的數據準備都可以放在@Parameterized.Parameters註解的方法下啦,把裏面的數字換成你想要的屬性或者對象,就可以一次完成多組數據的測試啦,最好能通過讀取文件的方式準備數據,也有利於測試數據的本地化和代碼的簡潔性~(編者本意:這次沒實現讀文件的數據準備,下次更上…)(或許這種方法比較挫氣,也或許有更好的方法,等待發掘…)