ubuntu下升級特定軟件與查看軟件版本信息
ubuntu 升級軟件:
sudo apt-get update 更新源
sudo apt-get upgrade 更新已安裝的包
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade 升級系統
ubuntu升級特定軟件:
可以用 sudo apt-get install pkgname
看軟件安裝位置:
dpkg -L xxxx
查看軟件是否安裝:
dpkg -l | grep filename
查看安裝路徑
dpkg -L 軟件名
$ dpkg -L gedit
/.
/usr
/usr/share
/usr/share/lintian
/usr/share/lintian/overrides
/usr/share/gedit
/usr/share/gedit/gedit-bugreport
/usr/share/applications
/usr/share/applications/gedit.desktop
/usr/share/dbus-1
/usr/share/dbus-1/services
/usr/share/dbus-1/services/org.gnome.gedit.service
/usr/share/bug
/usr/share/bug/gedit
/usr/share/bug/gedit/script
/usr/share/pyshared
/usr/share/pyshared/gi
/usr/lib/gedit/girepository-1.0
/usr/lib/gedit/girepository-1.0/Gedit-3.0.typelib
/usr/lib/gedit/plugins/spell.plugin
/usr/lib/gedit/plugins/time.plugin
/usr/lib/gedit/plugins/zeitgeist.plugin
/usr/lib/gedit/plugins/snippets/substitutionparser.py
/usr/lib/gedit/plugins/snippets/windowactivatable.py
/usr/lib/libgedit-private.so.0.0.0
/usr/lib/python2.7
/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages
/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/gi
/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/gi/overrides
/usr/lib/libgedit-private.so.0
/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/gi/overrides/Gedit.py
ubuntu查看軟件版本:
首先安裝軟件,apt-show-versions 或者aptitude(信息比較詳細,推薦)
1.使用dpkg 也可以
dpkg -l firefox
期望狀態=未知(u)/安裝(i)/刪除(r)/清除(p)/保持(h)
| 狀態=未安裝(n)/已安裝(i)/僅存配置(c)/僅解壓縮(U)/配置失敗(F)/不完全安裝(H)/觸發器等待(W)/觸發器未決(T)
|/ 錯誤?=(無)/須重裝(R) (狀態,錯誤:大寫=故障)
||/ 名稱 版本 描述
+++-==============-==============-============================================
ii firefox 27.0.1+build1- Safe and easy web browser from Mozilla
2.安裝 sudo apt-get installapt-show-versions
使用:
$ apt-show-versions firefox
firefox/precise-security upgradeable from 27.0.1+build1-0ubuntu0.12.04.1 to 28.0+build2-0ubuntu0.12.04.1
3.安裝 sudo apt-get install aptitude
使用:aptitude show firefox
軟件包: firefox
狀態: 已安裝
自動安裝: 否
版本號: 27.0.1+build1-0ubuntu0.12.04.1
優先級: 可選
部分: web
維護者: Ubuntu Mozilla Team <[email protected]>
體系: i386
未壓縮尺寸: 64.6 M
依賴於: lsb-release, libasound2 (>= 1.0.23), libatk1.0-0 (>=
1.12.4), libc6 (>= 2.15), libcairo2 (>= 1.2.4),
libdbus-1-3 (>= 1.0.2), libdbus-glib-1-2 (>=
0.78), libfontconfig1 (>= 2.8.0), libfreetype6 (>=
2.2.1), libgcc1 (>= 1:4.1.1), libgdk-pixbuf2.0-0
(>= 2.22.0), libglib2.0-0 (>= 2.31.8), libgtk2.0-0
(>= 2.24.0), libpango1.0-0 (>= 1.22.0),
libstartup-notification0 (>= 0.8), libstdc++6 (>=
4.6), libx11-6, libxext6, libxrender1, libxt6
推薦: xul-ext-ubufox, libcanberra0, libdbusmenu-glib4,
libdbusmenu-gtk4
建議: ttf-lyx
衝突: gcu-plugin (<= 0.12.10-1ubuntu1)
破壞: abrowser (<= 4.0~b11+build3+nobinonly-0ubuntu1),
abrowser-branding (<=
4.0~b11+build3+nobinonly-0ubuntu1), adobe-flashplugin
(<= 11.1.102.63-0precise1), firefox-branding (<=
4.0~b11+build3+nobinonly-0ubuntu1),
flashplugin-installer (<= 11.1.102.63ubuntu1)
代替: abrowser, abrowser-branding, firefox-branding,
kubuntu-firefox-installer
提供: gnome-www-browser, iceweasel, www-browser
描述: Safe and easy web browser from Mozilla
Firefox delivers safe, easy web browsing. A familiar user
interface, enhanced security features including protection
from online identity theft, and integrated search let you
get the most out of the web.
附錄:
apt-cache search package 搜索包
apt-cache show package 獲取包的相關信息,如說明、大小、版本等
sudo apt-get install package 安裝包
sudo apt-get install package - - reinstall 重新安裝包
sudo apt-get -f install 修復安裝"-f = ——fix-missing"
sudo apt-get remove package 刪除包
sudo apt-get remove package - - purge 刪除包,包括刪除配置文件等
sudo apt-get update 更新源
sudo apt-get upgrade 更新已安裝的包
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade 升級系統
sudo apt-get dselect-upgrade 使用 dselect 升級
apt-cache depends package 瞭解使用依賴
apt-cache rdepends package 是查看該包被哪些包依賴
sudo apt-get build-dep package 安裝相關的編譯環境
apt-get source package 下載該包的源代碼
sudo apt-get clean && sudo apt-get autoclean 清理無用的包
sudo apt-get check 檢查是否有損壞的依賴