LP man 用法

lp Command

       The lp command includes information for the AIX  Print Subsystem lp and
       the System V Print Subsystem lp.

       AIX Print Subsystem lp Command

Purpose

       Sends requests to a line printer.

Syntax

       lp [ -c ] [ -dQueue ] [ -m ] [ -nNumber ] [ -oOption ] [ -s ] [ -tTitle
       ] [ -w ] [ Files ]

Description

       The lp command arranges for the files specified by the Files parameter
       and their associated information (called a request) to be printed by a
       line printer. If you do not specify a value for the Files parameter,
       the lp command accepts standard input. The file name - (dash)
       represents standard input and can be specified on the command line in
       addition to files. The lp command sends the requests in the order
       specified. If the job is submitted to a local print queue, the lp
       command displays the following to standard output:

       Job number is: nnn

       where nnn is the assigned job number. To suppress the job number use
       the -s flag.

Flags

       Item
            Description
       -c
            Copies the files to be printed immediately when the lp command is
            run. The lp command copies files only when requested. No links are
            created. If you specify the -c flag, be careful not to remove any
            of the files before they are printed. If you do not specify the -c
            flag, changes made to the files after the request is made appear
            in the printed output.
       -dQueue
            Specifies the print queue to which a job is sent.
       -m
            Sends mail (see the mail command) after the files are printed. By
            default, no mail is sent upon normal completion of the print
            request.
       -nNumber
            Prints the number of copies of printed output. The default number
            of copies is 1.
       -oOptions
            Specifies that flags specific to the backend be passed to the
            backend. Thus, for each queue, other flags not described in this
            article can be included with the lp command. See the piobe command
            for a list of these flags. Specifying this flag is the same as
            specifying the -o flag for the enq command.

       -s
            Suppresses the automatic return of job numbers. The lp command
            reports the job number as the default, the -s flag overrides the
            default.
       -tTitle
            Specifies printing the title of the file on the banner page of the
            output.
       -w
            Writes a message on the print requesters terminal after the files
            are printed. If the requester is not logged in, the mail command
            sends the message. If the user is logged in on multiple windows or
            terminals, the message may not be sent to the LFT where the
            command was issued. The message is sent to the first terminal on
            which the writesrv daemon sees the user to be logged in.

            Note: If the -w flag is used in conjunction with the -m flag, the
            print requester will only receive mail and will not get a message
            on the terminal.

Security

       Attention RBAC users and Trusted AIX users: This command can perform
       privileged operations. Only privileged users can run privileged
       operations. For more information about authorizations and privileges,
       see Privileged Command Database in Security. For a list of privileges
       and the authorizations associated with this command, see the lssecattr
       command or the getcmdattr subcommand.

Examples
       1    To print the /etc/motd file on printer lp0 attached to device
            dlp0, enter:

            lp /etc/motd
       2    To print 30 copies of the /etc/motd file using a copy of the file,
            and to notify the user that the job is completed using mail,
            enter:

            lp -c -m -n30 -dlp0:lpd0 /etc/motd
       3    To print the /etc/motd file using backend flags -f and -a, with a
            job title of blah, enter:

            lp -t"blah" -o -f -o -a /etc/motd
       4    To queue the MyFile file and return the job number, enter:

            lp myfile
       5    To queue the MyFile file and suppress the job number, enter:

            lp -s myfile

Exit Status

       This command returns the following exit values:
       Item
            Description
       0
            All input files processed successfully.
       >0

            No output device is available, or an error occurred.

Files

       Item
            Description
       /usr/sbin/qdaemon
            Contains the queuing daemon.
       /var/spool/lpd/qdir/*
            Contains the queue requests.
       /var/spool/lpd/stat/*
            Contains information on the status of the devices.
       /var/spool/qdaemon/*
            Contains temporary copies of enqueued files.
       /etc/qconfig
            Contains the queue configuration file.
       /etc/qconfig.bin
            Contains digested, binary version of the /etc/qconfig file.

Related Information

       The cancel command, enable command, lpr command, lpstat command, mail
       command.

       The writesrv daemon.

       The /etc/qconfig file.

       Command for starting a print job (qprt command) in Operating system and
       device management.

       Printing administration in the Printers and printing.

       Printers, print jobs, and queues inOperating system and device
       management .

       Print spooler in Printers and printing.

       System V Print Subsystem lp Command

Purpose

       Sends print requests

Syntax

       lp [print-options] [files]

       lp -i request-ID print-options

Description

       The first form of the lp command arranges for the named files and
       associated information (collectively called a request) to be printed.
       If filenames are not specified on the command line, the standard input
       is assumed. The standard input may be specified along with named files
       on the command line by listing the filenames and specifying - for the
       standard input. The files will be printed in the order in which they
       appear on the command line.

       The LP print service associates a unique request-ID with each request
       and displays it on the standard output. This request-ID can be used
       later when canceling or changing a request, or when determining its
       status. See the cancel command for details about canceling a request,
       and lpstat for information about checking the status of a print
       request.

       The second form of lp is used to change the options for a request
       submitted previously. The print request identified by the request-ID is
       changed according to the print-options specified with this command. The
       print-options available are the same as those with the first form of
       the lp command. If the request has finished printing, the change is
       rejected. If the request is already printing, it will be stopped and
       restarted from the beginning (unless the -P flag has been given).

       If you enter lp -?, the system displays the command usage message and
       returns 0.

Sending a print request

       The first form of the lp command is used to send a print request either
       to a particular printer or to any printer capable of meeting all
       requirements of the print request.

       Flags must always precede filenames, but may be specified in any order.

       Printers for which requests are not being accepted will not be
       considered when the destination is any. (Use the lpstat -a command to
       see which printers are accepting requests.) However, if a request is
       destined for a class of printers and the class itself is accepting
       requests, then all printers in the class will be considered, regardless
       of their acceptance status.

       For printers that take mountable print wheels or font cartridges, if
       you do not specify a particular print wheel or font with the -S flag,
       whichever one happens to be mounted at the time your request is printed
       will be used. The lpstat -p printer -l command is used to see which
       print wheels are available on a particular printer. The lpstat -S -l
       command is used to see what print wheels are available and on which
       printers. Without the -S flag, the standard character set is used for
       printers that have selectable character sets.

       If you experience problems with jobs that usually print but on occasion
       do not print, check the physical connections between the printer and
       your computer. If you are using an automatic data switch or an A/B
       switch, try removing it and see if the problem clears.

Flags
       -c
            Make copies of the files to be printed immediately when lp is
            invoked. Normally files will not be copied, but will be linked
            whenever possible. If the -c flag is not specified, the user
            should be careful not to remove any of the files before the
            request has been printed in its entirety. It should also be noted
            that if the -c flag is not specified, any changes made to the
            named files after the request is made but before it is printed
            will be reflected in the printed output.
       -d dest

            Choose dest as the printer or class of printers that is to do the
            printing. If dest is a printer, then the request will be printed
            only on that specific printer. If dest is a class of printers,
            then the request will be printed on the first available printer
            that is a member of the class. If dest is any, then the request
            will be printed on any printer that can handle it. Under certain
            conditions (unavailability of printers, file space limitations,
            and so on) requests for specific destinations may not be accepted
            (see lpstat). By default, dest is taken from the environment
            variable LPDEST. If LPDEST is not set, then dest is taken from the
            environment variable PRINTER. If PRINTER is not set, a default
            destination (if one exists) for the computer system is used. If no
            system default is set and -T is used, dest will be selected on the
            basis of content-type specified with the -T flag [see the
            description of -T]. Destination names vary between systems (see
            lpstat).
       -f form-name [-d any]
            Print the request on the form form-name. The LP print service
            ensures that the form is mounted on the printer. If form-name is
            requested with a printer destination that cannot support the form,
            the request is rejected. If form-name has not been defined for the
            system, or if the user is not allowed to use the form, the request
            is rejected. (see lpforms). When the -d any flag is given, the
            request is printed on any printer that has the requested form
            mounted and can handle all other needs of the print request.
       -H special-handling
            Print the request according to the value of special-handling.
            Acceptable values for special-handling are defined below:
              hold
                   Do not print the request until notified. If printing has
                   already begun, stop it. Other print requests will go ahead
                   of a held request until it is resumed.
              resume
                   Resume a held request. If it had been printing when held,
                   it will be the next request printed, unless subsequently
                   bumped by an immediate request. The -i flag (followed by a
                   request-ID) must be used whenever this argument is
                   specified.
              immediate
                   (Available only to LP administrators) Print the request
                   next. If more than one request is assigned immediate, the
                   most recent request will be printed first. If another
                   request is currently printing, it must be put on hold to
                   allow this immediate request to print.
       -L locale-name
            Specify locale-name as the locale to use with this print request.
            By default, locale-name is set to the value of LC_CTYPE. If
            LC_CTYPE is not set, locale-name defaults to the C locale.
       -m
            Send mail after the files have been printed. By default, mail is
            not sent upon normal completion of the print request.
       -n number
            Print number copies of the output. The default is one copy.
       -o options
            Specify printer-dependent options. Several such options may be
            collected by specifying the -o keyletter more than once (that is,
            -o option[1] -o option[2] ... -o option[n]), or by specifying a
            list of options with one -o keyletter enclosed in double quotes
            and separated by spaces (that is, -o "option[1] option[2] . . .

            option[n]").
              nobanner
                   Do not print a banner page with this request. The
                   administrator can disallow this option at any time.
              nofilebreak
                   Do not insert a form feed between the files given, if
                   submitting a job to print more than one file. This option
                   is not supported by printers configured to use the PS
                   (PostScript) interface.
              length=scaled-decimal-number
                   Print this request with pages scaled-decimal-number long. A
                   scaled-decimal-number is an optionally scaled decimal
                   number that gives a size in lines, characters, inches, or
                   centimeters, as appropriate. The scale is indicated by
                   appending the letter i for inches, or the letter c for
                   centimeters. For length or width settings, an unscaled
                   number indicates lines or characters; for line pitch or
                   character pitch settings, an unscaled number indicates
                   lines per inch or characters per inch (the same as a number
                   scaled with i). For example, length=66 indicates a page
                   length of 66 lines, length=11i indicates a page length of
                   11 inches, and length=27.94c indicates a page length of
                   27.94 centimeters. This option may not be used with the -f
                   option and is not supported by the PS (PostScript).
              width=scaled-decimal-number
                   Print this request with pages scaled-decimal-number wide.
                   (See the explanation of scaled-decimal-numbers in the
                   discussion of length, above.) This option may not be used
                   with the -f option and is not supported by the PS
                   (PostScript).
              lpi=scaled-decimal-number
                   Print this request with the line pitch set to scaled-
                   decimal-number. (See the explanation of scaled-decimal-
                   numbers in the discussion of length, above.) This option
                   may not be used with the -f flag and is not supported by
                   the PS (PostScript).
              cpi=pica|elite|compressed
                   Print this request with the character pitch set to pica
                   (representing 10 characters per inch), elite (representing
                   12 characters per inch), or compressed (representing as
                   many characters per inch as a printer can handle). There is
                   not a standard number of characters per inch for all
                   printers; see the terminfo database for the default
                   character pitch for your printer. This option may not be
                   used with the -f flag and is not supported by the PS
                   (PostScript).
              stty=stty-option-list
                   A list of options valid for the stty command; enclose the
                   list with single quotes if it contains blanks.
       -P page-list
            Print the pages specified in page-list. This flag can be used only
            if there is a filter available to handle it; otherwise, the print
            request will be rejected. The page-list may consist of ranges of
            numbers, single page numbers, or a combination of both. The pages
            will be printed in ascending order.
       -q priority-level
            Assign this request priority-level in the printing queue. The
            values of priority-level range from 0 (highest priority) to 39
            (lowest priority). If a priority is not specified, the default for

            the print service is used, as assigned by the system
            administrator. A priority limit may be assigned to individual
            users by the system administrator.
       -R
            Remove file(s) after submitting the print request. Use this flag
            with caution.
       -r
            See -T content-type [-r] below.
       -s
            Suppress the ``request id is ...'' message.
       -S character-set [-d any]
       -S print-wheel [-d any]
            Print this request using the specified character-set or print-
            wheel. If a form was requested and it requires a character set or
            print wheel other than the one specified with the -S flag, the
            request is rejected.

            For printers that take print wheels: if the print wheel specified
            is not one listed by the administrator as acceptable for the
            printer specified in this request, the request is rejected unless
            the print wheel is already mounted on the printer.

            For printers that use selectable or programmable character sets:
            if the character-set specified is not one defined in the Terminfo
            database for the printer (see terminfo), or is not an alias
            defined by the administrator, the request is rejected.

            When the -d any flag is used, the request is printed on any
            printer that has the print wheel mounted or any printer that can
            select the character set, and that can handle all other needs of
            the request.
       -t title
            Print title on the banner page of the output. The default is no
            title. Enclose title in quotes if it contains blanks.
       -T content-type [-r]
            Print the request on a printer that can support the specified
            content-type. If no printer accepts this type directly, a filter
            will be used to convert the content into an acceptable type. If
            the -r flag is specified, a filter will not be used. If -r is
            specified but no printer accepts the content-type directly, the
            request is rejected. If the content-type is not acceptable to any
            printer, either directly or with a filter, the request is
            rejected.

            In addition to ensuring that no filters will be used, the -r flag
            will force the equivalent of the -o 'stty=-opost' flag.
       -w
            Write a message on the user's terminal after the files have been
            printed. If the user is not logged in, or if the printer resides
            on a remote system, then mail will be sent instead. Be aware that
            messages may be sent to a window other than the one in which the
            command was originally entered.
       -y mode-list
            Print this request according to the printing modes listed in
            mode-list. The allowed values for mode-list are locally defined.
            This option may be used only if there is a filter available to
            handle it; otherwise, the print request will be rejected.

            The following list describes the mode-list options:

              -y reverse
                   Reverse the order in which pages are printed. This filter
                   option is not supported by the LP Print Service.
              -y landscape
                   Change the orientation of a physical page from portrait to
                   landscape.
              -y x=number,y=number
                   Change the default position of a logical page on a physical
                   page by moving the origin.
              -y group=number
                   Group multiple logical pages on a single physical page.
              -y magnify=number
                   Change the logical size of each page in a document.
              -o length=number
                   Select the number of lines in each page of the document.
              -P number
                   Select, by page numbers, a subset of a document to be
                   printed.
              -n number
                   Print multiple copies of a document.
Security

       Attention RBAC users and Trusted AIX users: This command can perform
       privileged operations. Only privileged users can run privileged
       operations. For more information about authorizations and privileges,
       see Privileged Command Database in Security. For a list of privileges
       and the authorizations associated with this command, see the lssecattr
       command or the getcmdattr subcommand.

Files
       /var/spool/lp/*