Maven將WEB工程打包成可執行的jar,包含maven依賴,本地依賴。

 因爲今天一個朋友學習過程中用到了maven項目編寫代碼,到了最後打包階段打的包不能運行,一時我也沒想起來具體操作步驟,後來我百度學習了一下,特此記錄下,以便後續自己查閱。

參考資料:

https://blog.csdn.net/fengyun_yi_pure/article/details/70313603
https://blog.csdn.net/xyr05288/article/details/52797493
https://blog.csdn.net/rambo_china/article/details/7691409
https://blog.csdn.net/semial/article/details/75226448

  maven項目中不可避免的需要用到依賴jar,實際使用中有的能從maven倉庫找到,有的找不到,所以存在使用本地jar的情況,下面將對使用maven倉庫中jar,以及使用本地jar不同情況下打包可運行jar進行介紹。

情景一:使用maven依賴,所有的依賴都從maven倉庫查找下載,最終打包成可執行jar,需要修改pom文件如下。

 

<!--使用maven依賴查找 json-lib -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>net.sf.json-lib</groupId>
            <artifactId>json-lib</artifactId>
            <version>2.4</version>
            <classifier>jdk15</classifier>
        </dependency>

對應修改pom文件,需指定程序入口,不然會報錯  xxxx-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar中沒有主清單屬性

 

<!--情景一,制定程序入口即可。-->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-shade-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>1.2.1</version>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <phase>package</phase>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>shade</goal>
                        </goals>
                        <configuration>
                            <transformers>
                                <transformer
                                        implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.ManifestResourceTransformer">
                                    <mainClass>com.study.App</mainClass>
                                </transformer>
                            </transformers>
                        </configuration>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
            </plugin>

 

打包之後,即可通過 java -jar xxx.jar 運行, 

 

package com.study;

import net.sf.json.JSONObject;

/**
 * Hello world!
 *
 */
public class App 
{
    public static void main( String[] args )
    {
        System.out.println( "Hello World!" );

        JSONObject json = new JSONObject();
        json.put("name","子落");
        System.out.println(json.toString());

    }
}

 

運行效果如下,

通過jar可以看出,是將引用的jar中對應的文件解壓編譯到打包的jar中

最終pom文件如下,

 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.study</groupId>
    <artifactId>mvnstudy</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <name>mvnstudy</name>
    <url>http://www.example.com</url>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <maven.compiler.source>1.7</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>1.7</maven.compiler.target>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.11</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

        <!--使用maven依賴查找 json-lib -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>net.sf.json-lib</groupId>
            <artifactId>json-lib</artifactId>
            <version>2.4</version>
            <classifier>jdk15</classifier>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <!--情景一,制定程序入口即可。-->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-shade-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>1.2.1</version>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <phase>package</phase>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>shade</goal>
                        </goals>
                        <configuration>
                            <transformers>
                                <transformer
                                        implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.ManifestResourceTransformer">
                                    <mainClass>com.study.App</mainClass>
                                </transformer>
                            </transformers>
                        </configuration>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
            </plugin>

        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

 

情景二,本地jar文件及maven依賴混用時打包。

首先介紹下,接下來使用的 testJar-1.0.jar,這個爲我隨便編寫的一個jar文件,模擬本地jar使用場景。

 

package com.company;

public class Mp {

    public static void println(String str){
        System.out.println("Mp println = [" + str + "]");
    }
}

 

項目中使用

pom文件中引用

 

<!--使用本地jar-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>testJar</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>1.0</version>
            <scope>system</scope>
            <systemPath>${project.basedir}/lib/testJar-1.0.jar</systemPath>
        </dependency>

 

App代碼修改,

 

package com.study;

import com.company.Mp;
import net.sf.json.JSONObject;

/**
 * Hello world!
 *
 */
public class App 
{
    public static void main( String[] args )
    {
        System.out.println( "Hello World!" );

        JSONObject json = new JSONObject();
        json.put("name","子落");
        System.out.println(json.toString());

        Mp.println("子落.");
    }
}

 

這裏打包時採用將所有本地jar也一起打包到一個可執行jar中,這樣可以直接通過 java - jar xxx.jar運行。也可以通過先將本地jar註冊到maven倉庫,然後再打包,或者將本地jar複製到lib文件夾,然後通過在Manifest文件class-path中進行引用,這裏主要講,將所有依賴打包到一個jar中。

 

<plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <archive>
                        <manifest>
                            <mainClass>com.study.App</mainClass>
                        </manifest>
                    </archive>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>com.jolira</groupId>
                <artifactId>onejar-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>1.4.4</version>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <configuration>
                            <attachToBuild>true</attachToBuild>
                            <classifier>onejar</classifier>
                        </configuration>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>one-jar</goal>
                        </goals>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
            </plugin>

 

最終pom文件如下,

 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.study</groupId>
    <artifactId>mvnstudy</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <name>mvnstudy</name>
    <url>http://www.example.com</url>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <maven.compiler.source>1.7</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>1.7</maven.compiler.target>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.11</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

        <!--使用maven依賴查找 json-lib -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>net.sf.json-lib</groupId>
            <artifactId>json-lib</artifactId>
            <version>2.4</version>
            <classifier>jdk15</classifier>
        </dependency>

        <!--使用本地jar-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>testJar</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>1.0</version>
            <scope>system</scope>
            <systemPath>${project.basedir}/lib/testJar-1.0.jar</systemPath>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <!--情景一,制定程序入口即可。-->
            <!--<plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-shade-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>1.2.1</version>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <phase>package</phase>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>shade</goal>
                        </goals>
                        <configuration>
                            <transformers>
                                <transformer
                                        implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.ManifestResourceTransformer">
                                    <mainClass>com.study.App</mainClass>
                                </transformer>
                            </transformers>
                        </configuration>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
            </plugin>-->

            <!--情景二,使打包的jar包含lib文件夾中的本地jar-->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <archive>
                        <manifest>
                            <mainClass>com.study.App</mainClass>
                        </manifest>
                    </archive>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>com.jolira</groupId>
                <artifactId>onejar-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>1.4.4</version>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <configuration>
                            <attachToBuild>true</attachToBuild>
                            <classifier>onejar</classifier>
                        </configuration>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>one-jar</goal>
                        </goals>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

 

運行效果如下,

最終編譯的文件如下

其中 mvnstudy-1.0-SNAPSHOT.one-jar.jar 既可直接運行的jar,裏面包括之前引用的本地 testJar-1.0.jar 如下圖,

 

  可以看到以上兩種方式,最終編譯的jar內部文件是不一樣的,第一種是將引用依賴中jar對應的文件解壓,然後編譯到最終的jar中,第二種是將引用的jar文件直接拿過來放入lib文件夾中,然後以套一層殼的方式運行,並不會對原jar文件進行解壓,具體使用哪種方式,還要看實際使用情況。

 

https://www.cnblogs.com/01x2v3/p/9000292.html

 

java項目打包成可執行jar用log4j將日誌寫在jar所在目錄

 開發一個demo時想將日誌輸出到最終打包的jar所在目錄,從網上學習實驗整理之後的配置如下,

log4j.properties

 

log4j.rootLogger = INFO,console,logFile

log4j.appender.console=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.console.Threshold=INFO
log4j.appender.console.ImmediateFlush=true
log4j.appender.console.Target=System.out
log4j.appender.console.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.console.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss} [%p] %m%n

log4j.appender.logFile=org.apache.log4j.FileAppender
log4j.appender.logFile.ImmediateFlush=true
log4j.appender.logFile.Append=false
log4j.appender.logFile.Encoding=UTF-8
log4j.appender.logFile.File=jarDemo.log
log4j.appender.logFile.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.logFile.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss} [%p] %m%n

 

Main.java

 

private static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Main.class);

    static {
        String path = new File("").getAbsolutePath();

        FileAppender appender = (FileAppender) org.apache.log4j.Logger.getRootLogger().getAppender("logFile");
        appender.setFile(path + File.separator + "jarDemo.log");
    }

 

 

最終打包成jar執行時,將會在jar文件所在目錄生產一個jarDemo.log的日誌文件,如果時用idea運行,這個日誌文件會在源碼所在項目的根目錄。

https://www.cnblogs.com/01x2v3/p/9042431.html

<!--打包插件,jar包和依賴包分開,依賴包打包到lib下   測試可行-->
<plugin>
    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
    <artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
    <version>2.6</version>
    <configuration>
        <archive>
            <manifest>
                <addClasspath>true</addClasspath>
                <classpathPrefix>lib/</classpathPrefix>
                <mainClass>com.xxx.xxxService</mainClass>
            </manifest>
        </archive>
    </configuration>
</plugin>
<plugin>
    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
    <artifactId>maven-dependency-plugin</artifactId>
    <version>2.10</version>
    <executions>
        <execution>
            <id>copy-dependencies</id>
            <phase>package</phase>
            <goals>
                <goal>copy-dependencies</goal>
            </goals>
            <configuration>
                <outputDirectory>${project.build.directory}/lib</outputDirectory>
            </configuration>
        </execution>
    </executions>
</plugin>

<!--打包,把依賴包打包到jar內 測試OK-->
<!--<plugin>-->
    <!--<artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId>-->
    <!--<configuration>-->
        <!--<descriptorRefs>-->
            <!--<descriptorRef>jar-with-dependencies</descriptorRef>-->
        <!--</descriptorRefs>-->
        <!--<archive>-->
            <!--<manifest>-->
                <!--<mainClass>com.xxx.xxxService</mainClass>-->
            <!--</manifest>-->
        <!--</archive>-->
    <!--</configuration>-->
    <!--<executions>-->
        <!--<execution>-->
            <!--<id>make-assembly</id>-->
            <!--<phase>package</phase>-->
            <!--<goals>-->
                <!--<goal>single</goal>-->
            <!--</goals>-->
        <!--</execution>-->
    <!--</executions>-->
<!--</plugin>-->

 

 

1.將依賴與自己的代碼打入同一個jar包

只需在pom中添加如下plugin 

在include 中添加需要的依賴,在exclude 中添加不需要的依賴

 

          <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-shade-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.2</version>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <phase>package</phase>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>shade</goal>
                        </goals>
                        <configuration>
                            <artifactSet>
                                <includes>
                                    <include>asm:asm</include>
                                </includes>
                            </artifactSet>
                            <transformers>
                                <transformer
                                        implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.ManifestResourceTransformer">
                                    <manifestEntries>
                                        <Main-Class></Main-Class>
                                    </manifestEntries>
                                </transformer>
                            </transformers>
                            <filters>
                                <filter>
                                    <artifact>*:*</artifact>
                                    <excludes>
                                        <exclude>com.jason:location-lte-lusq</exclude>
                                        <exclude>com.jason:location-total-lusq</exclude>
                                    </excludes>
                                </filter>
                            </filters>
                        </configuration>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
            </plugin>

 

2.將依賴與自己的代碼的分開

自己的代碼會單獨打成一個jar,依賴保存到設定目錄

首先在Pom中添加如下plugin

 

<plugin>
        <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
        <artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>2.4</version>
        <!-- The configuration of the plugin -->
        <configuration>
          <!-- Configuration of the archiver -->
          <archive>

            <!--
                生成的jar中,不要包含pom.xml和pom.properties這兩個文件
            -->
            <addMavenDescriptor>false</addMavenDescriptor>

            <!-- Manifest specific configuration -->
            <manifest>
              <!--
                  是否要把第三方jar放到manifest的classpath中
              -->
              <addClasspath>true</addClasspath>
              <!--
                 生成的manifest中classpath的前綴,因爲要把第三方jar放到lib目錄下,所以classpath的前綴是lib/
             -->
              <classpathPrefix>corelib/</classpathPrefix>
              <!--
                  應用的main class
              -->
              <mainClass></mainClass>
            </manifest>
          </archive>
          <!--
              過濾掉不希望包含在jar中的文件
          -->
          <excludes>
            <exclude>${project.basedir}/xml/*</exclude>
          </excludes>
        </configuration>
      </plugin>
      <!-- The configuration of maven-assembly-plugin -->
      <plugin>
        <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
        <artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>2.4</version>
        <!-- The configuration of the plugin -->
        <configuration>
          <!-- Specifies the configuration file of the assembly plugin -->
          <descriptors>
            <descriptor>src/main/assembly/package.xml</descriptor>
          </descriptors>
        </configuration>
        <executions>
          <execution>
            <id>make-assembly</id>
            <phase>package</phase>
            <goals>
              <goal>single</goal>
            </goals>
          </execution>
        </executions>
      </plugin>

 

然後在src/main 下建立assembly 目錄,在assembly 中創建文件assembly.xml ,內容如下

 

<assembly>
    <id>bin</id>
    <!-- 最終打包成一個用於發佈的zip文件 -->
    <formats>
        <format>zip</format>
    </formats>

    <!-- Adds dependencies to zip package under lib directory -->
    <dependencySets>
        <dependencySet>
            <!--
               不使用項目的artifact,第三方jar不要解壓,打包進zip文件的lib目錄
           -->
            <useProjectArtifact>false</useProjectArtifact>
            <outputDirectory>corelib</outputDirectory>
            <unpack>false</unpack>
            <!-- 紙漿scope 爲 compile 的打進jar-->
            <scope>compile</scope>
        </dependencySet>
    </dependencySets>

    <fileSets>
        <!-- 把項目相關的說明文件,打包進zip文件的根目錄 -->
        <fileSet>
            <directory>${project.basedir}</directory>
            <outputDirectory>/</outputDirectory>
            <includes>
                <include>README*</include>
                <include>LICENSE*</include>
                <include>NOTICE*</include>
            </includes>
        </fileSet>

        <!-- 把項目的配置文件,打包進zip文件的config目錄 -->
        <fileSet>
            <directory>${project.basedir}\src\main\config</directory>
            <outputDirectory>config</outputDirectory>
            <includes>
                <include>*.xml</include>
                <include>*.properties</include>
            </includes>
        </fileSet>

        <!-- 把項目的腳本文件目錄( src/main/scripts )中的啓動腳本文件,打包進zip文件的跟目錄 -->
        <fileSet>
            <directory>${project.build.scriptSourceDirectory}</directory>
            <outputDirectory></outputDirectory>
            <includes>
                <include>startup.*</include>
            </includes>
        </fileSet>

        <!-- 把項目的腳本文件(除了啓動腳本文件),打包進zip文件的script目錄 -->
        <fileSet>
            <directory>${project.build.scriptSourceDirectory}</directory>
            <outputDirectory></outputDirectory>
            <includes>
                <include>startup.*</include>
            </includes>
        </fileSet>

        <!-- 把項目自己編譯出來的jar文件,打包進zip文件的根目錄 -->
        <fileSet>
            <directory>${project.build.directory}</directory>
            <outputDirectory></outputDirectory>
            <includes>
                <include>a.jar</include>
            </includes>
        </fileSet>
    </fileSets>
</assembly>

 

依賴會被打入corelib目錄中

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