Spring Security 3.x 完整入門教程(轉)

Spring Security 3.x 出來一段時間了,跟Acegi是大不同了,與2.x的版本也有一些小小的區別,網上有一些文檔,也有人翻譯Spring Security 3.x的guide,但通過閱讀guide,無法馬上就能很容易的實現一個完整的實例。

我花了點兒時間,根據以前的實戰經驗,整理了一份完整的入門教程,供需要的朋友們參考。
1,建一個web project,並導入所有需要的lib,這步就不多講了。
2,配置web.xml,使用Spring的機制裝載:


<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="2.4" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"
    xmlns:xsi
="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation
="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee 
    http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd"
>
    
<context-param>
        
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        
<param-value>classpath:applicationContext*.xml</param-value>
    
</context-param>

    
<listener>
        
<listener-class>
            org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
        
</listener-class>
    
</listener>

    
<filter>
        
<filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name>
        
<filter-class>
            org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy
        
</filter-class>
    
</filter>
    
<filter-mapping>
        
<filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name>
        
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    
</filter-mapping>


    
<welcome-file-list>
        
<welcome-file>login.jsp</welcome-file>
    
</welcome-file-list>
</web-app>
這個文件中的內容我相信大家都很熟悉了,不再多說了。

2,來看看applicationContext-security.xml這個配置文件,關於Spring Security的配置均在其中:


<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans:beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/security"
    xmlns:beans
="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi
="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation
="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/security
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/security/spring-security-3.0.xsd"
>

    
<http access-denied-page="/403.jsp"><!-- 當訪問被拒絕時,會轉到403.jsp -->
        
<intercept-url pattern="/login.jsp" filters="none" />
        
<form-login login-page="/login.jsp"
            authentication-failure-url
="/login.jsp?error=true"
            default-target-url
="/index.jsp" />
        
<logout logout-success-url="/login.jsp" />
        
<http-basic />
        
<!-- 增加一個filter,這點與Acegi是不一樣的,不能修改默認的filter了,這個filter位於FILTER_SECURITY_INTERCEPTOR之前 -->
        
<custom-filter before="FILTER_SECURITY_INTERCEPTOR"
            ref
="myFilter" />
    
</http>

    
<!-- 一個自定義的filter,必須包含authenticationManager,accessDecisionManager,securityMetadataSource三個屬性,
    我們的所有控制將在這三個類中實現,解釋詳見具體配置 
-->
    
<beans:bean id="myFilter" class="com.robin.erp.fwk.security.MyFilterSecurityInterceptor">
        
<beans:property name="authenticationManager"
            ref
="authenticationManager" />
        
<beans:property name="accessDecisionManager"
            ref
="myAccessDecisionManagerBean" />
        
<beans:property name="securityMetadataSource"
            ref
="securityMetadataSource" />
    
</beans:bean>
    
    
<!-- 認證管理器,實現用戶認證的入口,主要實現UserDetailsService接口即可 -->
    
<authentication-manager alias="authenticationManager">
        
<authentication-provider
            
user-service-ref="myUserDetailService">
            
<!--   如果用戶的密碼採用加密的話,可以加點“鹽”
                <password-encoder hash="md5" />
            
-->
        
</authentication-provider>
    
</authentication-manager>
    
<beans:bean id="myUserDetailService"
        class
="com.robin.erp.fwk.security.MyUserDetailService" />

    
<!-- 訪問決策器,決定某個用戶具有的角色,是否有足夠的權限去訪問某個資源 -->
    
<beans:bean id="myAccessDecisionManagerBean"
        class
="com.robin.erp.fwk.security.MyAccessDecisionManager">
    
</beans:bean>
    
    
<!-- 資源源數據定義,即定義某一資源可以被哪些角色訪問 -->
    
<beans:bean id="securityMetadataSource"
        class
="com.robin.erp.fwk.security.MyInvocationSecurityMetadataSource" />

</beans:beans>


3,來看看自定義filter的實現:


package com.robin.erp.fwk.security;
import java.io.IOException;

import javax.servlet.Filter;
import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
import javax.servlet.FilterConfig;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;

import org.springframework.security.access.SecurityMetadataSource;
import org.springframework.security.access.intercept.AbstractSecurityInterceptor;
import org.springframework.security.access.intercept.InterceptorStatusToken;
import org.springframework.security.web.FilterInvocation;
import org.springframework.security.web.access.intercept.FilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource;

public class MyFilterSecurityInterceptor extends AbstractSecurityInterceptor
        
implements Filter {

    
private FilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource securityMetadataSource;

    
// ~ Methods
    
// ========================================================================================================

    
/** *//**
     * Method that is actually called by the filter chain. Simply delegates to
     * the {
@link #invoke(FilterInvocation)} method.
     * 
     * 
@param request
     *            the servlet request
     * 
@param response
     *            the servlet response
     * 
@param chain
     *            the filter chain
     * 
     * 
@throws IOException
     *             if the filter chain fails
     * 
@throws ServletException
     *             if the filter chain fails
     
*/
    
public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response,
            FilterChain chain) 
throws IOException, ServletException {
        FilterInvocation fi 
= new FilterInvocation(request, response, chain);
        invoke(fi);
    }

    
public FilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource getSecurityMetadataSource() {
        
return this.securityMetadataSource;
    }

    
public Class<? extends Object> getSecureObjectClass() {
        
return FilterInvocation.class;
    }

    
public void invoke(FilterInvocation fi) throws IOException,
            ServletException {
        InterceptorStatusToken token 
= super.beforeInvocation(fi);
        
try {
            fi.getChain().doFilter(fi.getRequest(), fi.getResponse());
        } 
finally {
            
super.afterInvocation(token, null);
        }
    }

    
public SecurityMetadataSource obtainSecurityMetadataSource() {
        
return this.securityMetadataSource;
    }

    
public void setSecurityMetadataSource(
            FilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource newSource) {
        
this.securityMetadataSource = newSource;
    }

    @Override
    
public void destroy() {
    }

    @Override
    
public void init(FilterConfig arg0) throws ServletException {
    }

}
最核心的代碼就是invoke方法中的InterceptorStatusToken token = super.beforeInvocation(fi);這一句,即在執行doFilter之前,進行權限的檢查,而具體的實現已經交給accessDecisionManager了,下文中會講述。

4,來看看authentication-provider的實現:


package com.robin.erp.fwk.security;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;

import org.springframework.dao.DataAccessException;
import org.springframework.security.core.GrantedAuthority;
import org.springframework.security.core.authority.GrantedAuthorityImpl;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.User;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetailsService;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UsernameNotFoundException;

public class MyUserDetailService implements UserDetailsService {

    @Override
    
public UserDetails loadUserByUsername(String username)
            
throws UsernameNotFoundException, DataAccessException {
        Collection
<GrantedAuthority> auths=new ArrayList<GrantedAuthority>();
        GrantedAuthorityImpl auth2
=new GrantedAuthorityImpl("ROLE_ADMIN");
        auths.add(auth2);
        
if(username.equals("robin1")){
            auths
=new ArrayList<GrantedAuthority>();
            GrantedAuthorityImpl auth1
=new GrantedAuthorityImpl("ROLE_ROBIN");
            auths.add(auth1);
        }

        
//        User(String username, String password, boolean enabled, boolean accountNonExpired,
//                    boolean credentialsNonExpired, boolean accountNonLocked, Collection<GrantedAuthority> authorities) {
        User user = new User(username,
                
"robin"truetruetruetrue, auths);
        
return user;
    }

    
}

在這個類中,你就可以從數據庫中讀入用戶的密碼,角色信息,是否鎖定,賬號是否過期等,我想這麼簡單的代碼就不再多解釋了。

5,對於資源的訪問權限的定義,我們通過實現FilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource這個接口來初始化數據。

package com.robin.erp.fwk.security;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.Map;

import org.springframework.security.access.ConfigAttribute;
import org.springframework.security.access.SecurityConfig;
import org.springframework.security.web.FilterInvocation;
import org.springframework.security.web.access.intercept.FilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource;
import org.springframework.security.web.util.AntUrlPathMatcher;
import org.springframework.security.web.util.UrlMatcher;

/** *//**
 * 
 * 此類在初始化時,應該取到所有資源及其對應角色的定義
 * 
 * 
@author Robin
 * 
 
*/
public class MyInvocationSecurityMetadataSource
        
implements FilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource {
    
private UrlMatcher urlMatcher = new AntUrlPathMatcher();;
    
private static Map<String, Collection<ConfigAttribute>> resourceMap = null;

    
public MyInvocationSecurityMetadataSource() {
        loadResourceDefine();
    }

    
private void loadResourceDefine() {
        resourceMap 
= new HashMap<String, Collection<ConfigAttribute>>();
        Collection
<ConfigAttribute> atts = new ArrayList<ConfigAttribute>();
        ConfigAttribute ca 
= new SecurityConfig("ROLE_ADMIN");
        atts.add(ca);
        resourceMap.put(
"/index.jsp", atts);
        resourceMap.put(
"/i.jap", atts);
    }

    
// According to a URL, Find out permission configuration of this URL.
    public Collection<ConfigAttribute> getAttributes(Object object)
            
throws IllegalArgumentException {
        
// guess object is a URL.
        String url = ((FilterInvocation)object).getRequestUrl();
        Iterator
<String> ite = resourceMap.keySet().iterator();
        
while (ite.hasNext()) {
            String resURL 
= ite.next();
            
if (urlMatcher.pathMatchesUrl(url, resURL)) {
                
return resourceMap.get(resURL);
            }
        }
        
return null;
    }

    
public boolean supports(Class<?> clazz) {
        
return true;
    }
    
    
public Collection<ConfigAttribute> getAllConfigAttributes() {
        
return null;
    }

}
看看loadResourceDefine方法,我在這裏,假定index.jsp和i.jsp這兩個資源,需要ROLE_ADMIN角色的用戶才能訪問。
這個類中,還有一個最核心的地方,就是提供某個資源對應的權限定義,即getAttributes方法返回的結果。注意,我例子中使用的是AntUrlPathMatcher這個path matcher來檢查URL是否與資源定義匹配,事實上你還要用正則的方式來匹配,或者自己實現一個matcher。

6,剩下的就是最終的決策了,make a decision,其實也很容易,呵呵。

package com.robin.erp.fwk.security;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Iterator;

import org.springframework.security.access.AccessDecisionManager;
import org.springframework.security.access.AccessDeniedException;
import org.springframework.security.access.ConfigAttribute;
import org.springframework.security.access.SecurityConfig;
import org.springframework.security.authentication.InsufficientAuthenticationException;
import org.springframework.security.core.Authentication;
import org.springframework.security.core.GrantedAuthority;


public class MyAccessDecisionManager implements AccessDecisionManager {

    
//In this method, need to compare authentication with configAttributes.
    
// 1, A object is a URL, a filter was find permission configuration by this URL, and pass to here.
    
// 2, Check authentication has attribute in permission configuration (configAttributes)
    
// 3, If not match corresponding authentication, throw a AccessDeniedException.
    public void decide(Authentication authentication, Object object,
            Collection
<ConfigAttribute> configAttributes)
            
throws AccessDeniedException, InsufficientAuthenticationException {
        
if(configAttributes == null){
            
return ;
        }

        System.out.println(object.toString());  
//object is a URL.
        Iterator<ConfigAttribute> ite=configAttributes.iterator();
        
while(ite.hasNext()){
            ConfigAttribute ca
=ite.next();
            String needRole
=((SecurityConfig)ca).getAttribute();
            
for(GrantedAuthority ga:authentication.getAuthorities()){
                
if(needRole.equals(ga.getAuthority())){  //ga is user's role.
                    return;
                }

            }

        }

        
throw new AccessDeniedException("no right");
    }


    @Override
    
public boolean supports(ConfigAttribute attribute) {
        
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
        return true;
    }


    @Override
    
public boolean supports(Class<?> clazz) {
        
return true;
    }



}



在這個類中,最重要的是decide方法,如果不存在對該資源的定義,直接放行;否則,如果找到正確的角色,即認爲擁有權限,並放行,否則throw new AccessDeniedException("no right");這樣,就會進入上面提到的403.jsp頁面。
發表評論
所有評論
還沒有人評論,想成為第一個評論的人麼? 請在上方評論欄輸入並且點擊發布.
相關文章