轉自http://blog.csdn.net/pleasecallmewhy/article/details/18957823
PROBLEM A: The Keep-Right-Except-To-Pass Rule
In countries where driving automobiles on the right is the rule (that is, USA, China and most other countries except for Great Britain, Australia, and some former British colonies), multi-lane freeways
often employa rule that requires drivers to drive in the right-most lane unless they are passing another vehicle, in which case they move one lane to the left, pass, and return to their former travel lane.
Build and analyze a mathematical model to analyze the performance of this rule in light and heavy traffic. You may wish to examine tradeoffs between traffic flow and safety, the role of under- or over-posted speed limits (that is, speed limits that are too
low or too high), and/or other factors that may not be explicitly called out in this problem statement. Is this rule effective in promoting better traffic flow? If not, suggest and analyze alternatives (to include possibly no rule of this kind at all) that
might promote greater traffic flow, safety, and/or other factors that you deem important.
In countries where driving automobiles on the left is the norm, argue whether or not your solution can be carried over with a simple change of orientation, or would additional requirements be needed.
Lastly, the rule as stated above relies upon human judgment for compliance. If vehicle transportation on the same roadway was fully under the control of an intelligent system – either part of the road network or imbedded in the design of all vehicles using the roadway – to what extent would this change the results of your earlier analysis?
問題A：除非超車否則靠右行駛的交通規則
在一些汽車靠右行駛的國家（比如美國，中國等等），多車道的高速公路常常遵循以下原則：司機必須在最右側駕駛，除非他們正在超車，超車時必須先移到左側車道在超車後再返回。
在一些國家，汽車靠左形式是常態，探討你的解決方案是否稍作修改即可適用，或者需要一些額外的需要。
最後，以上規則依賴於人的判斷，如果相同規則的交通運輸完全在智能系統的控制下，無論是部分網絡還是嵌入使用的車輛的設計，在何種程度上會修改你前面的結果？
PROBLEM B: College Coaching Legends
Sports Illustrated, a magazine for sports enthusiasts, is looking for the “best all time college coach” male or female for the previous century. Build a mathematical model to choose thebest college coach or coaches (past or present) from among either male or female coaches in such sports as college hockey or field hockey, football, baseball or softball, basketball, or soccer. Does it make a difference which time line horizon that you use in your analysis, i.e., does coaching in 1913 differ from coaching in 2013? Clearly articulate your metrics for assessment. Discuss how your model can be applied in general across both genders and all possible sports. Present your model’s top 5 coaches in each of 3 different sports.In addition to the MCM format and requirements, prepare a 1-2 page article for Sports Illustrated that explains your results and includes a non-technical explanation of your mathematical model thatsports fanswill understand.
問題B：大學教練傳奇
體育畫報是一個爲運動愛好者服務的雜誌，正在尋找在整個上個世紀的“史上最好的大學教練”。建立數學模型選擇大學中在一下體育項目中最好的教練：曲棍球或場地曲棍球，足球，棒球或壘球，籃球，足球。
時間軸在你的分析中是否會有影響？比如1913年的教練和2013年的教練是否會有所不同？清晰的對你的指標進行評估，討論一下你的模型應用在跨越性別和所有可能對的體育項目中的效果。展示你的模型中的在三種不同體育項目中的前五名教練。
除了傳統的MCM格式，準備一個1到2頁的文章給體育畫報，解釋你的結果和包括一個體育迷都明白的數學模型的非技術性解釋。