二進制安裝mysql5.7

直入正題

以下爲安裝步驟
（1）關閉防火牆

systemctl stop firewalld.service 
systemctl disable firewalld.service #禁止開機自啓動
firewall-cmd --state  #顯示爲not running即爲關閉狀態

selinux 關不關感覺沒什麼影響
selinux關閉方法

setenforce　0　#重啓後失效
vi /etc/selinux/config #把SELINUX=enforce改成disabled，重啓電腦，永久生效

（2）檢查是否已安裝mysql，或者mariadb
如果系統中已有安裝會有衝突的，尤其是mariadb，centos7安裝時是默認安裝的，所以在裝系統的時候，最好去掉這個選項。

rpm -qa |grep mysql

如有

yum remove mysql*

同樣mariadb檢查一遍

rpm -qa |grep mariadb
yum remove mariadb*

（3）創建mysql用戶和用戶組

[root@localhost ~]# groupadd mysql
[root@localhost ~]# useradd -d /home/mysql -g mysql -m mysql
[root@localhost ~]# passwd mysql
更改用戶 mysql 的密碼 。
新的 密碼：
無效的密碼： 密碼少於 7 個字符
重新輸入新的 密碼：
passwd：所有的身份驗證令牌已經成功更新。

（4）創建目錄並更改權限

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /opt/mysql5.7  #安裝mysql的base目錄
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /Mysql/my3306/{data,tmp,log}   #默認3306端口，多實例的話可使用3307,3308....等端口
[root@localhost ~]# cd /Mysql/my3306/
[root@localhost my3306]# ls
data  log  tmp
[root@localhost my3306]# mkdir -p /Mysql/my3306/log/{binlog,iblog}
[root@localhost my3306]# cd log/
[root@localhost log]# ls
binlog  iblog

更改目錄權限

[root@localhost ~]# chown -R mysql:mysql /Mysql/my3306
[root@localhost ~]# chown -R mysql:mysql /opt/mysql5.7

（5）解壓mysql tar包，並將添加到系統環境變量
[root@localhost vm_win_public]# tar -xzf mysql-5.7.19-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz -C /opt
[root@localhost opt]# mv mysql-5.7.19-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/* mysql5.7/ #移動至mysql5.7目錄下
將bin添加到系統環境變量
vi /etc/profile #所有用戶添加環境變量，重啓依舊有效
在末尾加上：
PATH=$PATH:/opt/mysql5.7/bin
export PATH
最後 source /etc/profile 重新讀取下配置文件
（6）初始化mysql數據庫

root@localhost data]# mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/opt/mysql5.7 --datadir=/Mysql/my3306/data
2019-10-11T08:48:02.858806Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2019-10-11T08:48:03.060795Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2019-10-11T08:48:03.092030Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2019-10-11T08:48:03.171779Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: d60c9920-ec03-11e9-bb68-000c29cdd83d.
2019-10-11T08:48:03.173732Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2019-10-11T08:48:03.174641Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: Jw9i(?wojYek

最後的：Jw9i(?wojYek 就是你的臨時密碼，一定要保存下來，登陸mysql要用到
如果初始化的過程中有[error]，可用於通過錯誤提示來解決問題，並且當錯誤解決後一定要清空/my3306/data目錄下的所有內容，否則會報：

[root@localhost opt]# mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/opt/mysql5.7 --datadir=/Mysql/my3306/data
2019-10-11T08:47:14.336663Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2019-10-11T08:47:14.338605Z 0 [ERROR] --initialize specified but the data directory has files in it. Aborting.
2019-10-11T08:47:14.338633Z 0 [ERROR] Aborting44

（7）編輯my.cnf 控制文件
vi /etc/my.cnf 編輯配置文件
以下是配置文件的內容，也是啓動mysql的必要配置，實際使用過程中可以根據使用需要設定相應參數
[mysqld]
basedir=/opt/mysql5.7
datadir=/Mysql/my3306/data
port=3306
pid-file = /Mysql/my3306/data/mysql.pid
user = mysql
socket=/Mysql/my3306/tmp/mysql.sock
bind-address = 0.0.0.0
server-id = 1
character-set-server = utf8

[client]
port=3306
socket=/Mysql/my3306/tmp/mysql.sock

[mysql]
socket=/Mysql/my3306/tmp/mysql.sock

（8）添加並啓動mysql服務
將 mysql.server文件拷貝至/etc/init.d/目錄下
cp /opt/mysql5.7/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
編輯 /etc/init.d/mysqld 填寫basedir和datadir信息
vi /etc/init.d/mysqld

# If you change base dir, you must also change datadir. These may get
# overwritten by settings in the MySQL configuration files.

basedir=/opt/mysql5.7           #填入
datadir=/Mysql/my3306/data       

# Default value, in seconds, afterwhich the script should timeout waiting
# for server start.
# Value here is overriden by value in my.cnf.

保存並退出

啓動mysql服務

[root@localhost ~]# service mysqld start
Starting MySQL.Logging to '/Mysql/my3306/data/localhost.localdomain.err'.
. SUCCESS! 
[root@local

（9）登陸mysql並修改密碼
密碼就是前面（6）中所記錄的

[mysql@localhost ~]$ mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 5.7.19

Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> 
mysql>

更改初始密碼

mysql> set password for root@localhost = password('新密碼');  
mysql> flush privileges

安裝完成=。=