注:內容部分來自於極客學院
一、AIDL的使用場景
1.AIDL (Android Interface Definition Language) 是一種IDL 語言,用於生成可以在Android設備上兩個進程之間進行進程間通信(interprocess communication, IPC)的代碼。如果在一個進程中(例如Activity)要調用另一個進程中(例如Service)對象的操作,就可以使用AIDL生成可序列化的參數。
2.只有當你允許其他的一個應用程序訪問你的應用程序的服務時,
服務端程序使用Intent顯示的啓動另一個App的Service
1.在服務端程序要有一個Service
public class AppService extends Service {
public AppService() {
}
@Override
public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
// TODO: Return the communication channel to the service.
throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Not yet implemented");
}
@Override
public void onCreate() {
super.onCreate();
Log.e("tag","Service is create");
}
@Override
public void onDestroy() {
super.onDestroy();
Log.e("tag", "Service is destory");
}
2.在客戶端程序中
private Intent serviceIntent;
Button btn_start;
Button btn_stop;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
btn_start = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_start);
btn_stop = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_stop);
serviceIntent = new Intent();
//通過包名顯示的啓動一個Service 第一個參數爲app的包名 第二個爲app中Service的全路徑
serviceIntent.setComponent(new ComponentName("com.tjpld.aidlservicetest", "com.tjpld.aidlservicetest.AppService"));
btn_start.setOnClickListener(this);
btn_stop.setOnClickListener(this);
}
使用AIDL綁定方式啓動一個Service
1.首先創建一個AIDL文件
/*
*AIDL測試
*/
package com.tjpld.aidlservicetest;
// Declare any non-default types here with import statements
interface IAidlAppService {
/**
* Demonstrates some basic types that you can use as parameters
* and return values in AIDL.
*/
void basicTypes(int anInt, long aLong, boolean aBoolean, float aFloat,
double aDouble, String aString);
}
2.在Service的Bind中返回創建的AIDLService對象
@Override
public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
//通過AIDL綁定一個Service
return new IAidlAppService.Stub() {
@Override
public void basicTypes(int anInt, long aLong, boolean aBoolean, float aFloat, double aDouble, String aString) throws RemoteException {
}
};
}
3.在客戶端啓動用綁定的方式啓動一個Service
bindService(serviceIntent,this, Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
三、通過AIDL綁定Service並通信
1.在你的AIDL文件中添加一個回調方法
interface IAidlAppService {
void basicTypes(int anInt, long aLong, boolean aBoolean, float aFloat,
double aDouble, String aString);
void setData(String data);
}
2.在Servcie中實現該方法
String PACKAGE_SAYHI="com.example.test"
String data="內部消息";
boolean isRunning;
public AppService() {
}
@Override
public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
//通過AIDL綁定一個Service
return new IAidlAppService.Stub() {
@Override
public void basicTypes(int anInt, long aLong, boolean aBoolean, float aFloat, double aDouble, String aString) throws RemoteException {
}
@Override
public void setData(String data) throws RemoteException {
AppService.this.data=data;
}
//在這裏可以做權限認證,return false意味着客戶端的調用就會失敗,比如下面,只允許包名爲com.example.test的客戶端通過,
//其他apk將無法完成調用過程
public boolean onTransact(int code, Parcel data, Parcel reply, int flags)
throws RemoteException {
String packageName = null;
String[]packages=MyService.this.getPackageManager(). getPackagesForUid(getCallingUid());
if (packages != null && packages.length > 0) {
packageName = packages[0];
}
if (!PACKAGE_SAYHI.equals(packageName)) {
return false;
}
return super.onTransact(code, data, reply, flags);
};
}
3.在Client端建立一個Folder類型爲AIDL
4.將服務端保存AIDL文件的包名原封不動的複製,並且在client的AIDL文件夾下建立相同的包,並考入AIDL文件
5.實例化AIDL對象在onServiceConnection
private IAidlAppService iAidlService = null;//遠程通信服務
@Override
public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) {
Log.e("tag", "BindService Success");
//注意綁定的方式
iAidlService = IAidlAppService.Stub.asInterface(service);
}
//-----------------------------
case R.id.btn_send:
//執行遠程通信
if (iAidlService != null) {
try {
Log.e("tag", "data---->" + et_data.getText().toString());
iAidlService.setData(et_data.getText().toString());
} catch (RemoteException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
break;