【Android进阶】 Android 实现个性的ViewPager切换动画 实战PageTransformer(兼容Android3.0以下)

1、概述

1、介绍如何使用setPageTransformer设置切换动画;

2、自定义PageTransformer实现个性的切换动画;

3、该方法在SDK11以下的版本不起作用,我们会对其做一定修改,让其向下兼容。

官方示例地址:http://developer.android.com/training/animation/screen-slide.html 有兴趣的可以去看看~~

好了,下面开始编写代码~~

2、setPageTransformer的使用

首先我们迅速的实现一个传统的ViewPager效果

1.布局文件

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context="com.example.viewpageranimation.MainActivity" >
    <android.support.v4.view.ViewPager
         android:id="@+id/view_pager"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"/>
</RelativeLayout>
2.MainActivity.java

public class MainActivity extends Activity {
	private ViewPager viewPager;
	//这里是为了兼容3.0版本下设置动画效果从新改写的ViewPager
//	private ViewPagerCompat viewPager;
	private int[] mImgId = new int[]{R.drawable.guide_image1,R.drawable.guide_image2,R.drawable.guide_image3};
	List<ImageView> mImages = new ArrayList<ImageView>();
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
//        viewPager = (ViewPagerCompat)findViewById(R.id.view_pager);
        viewPager = (ViewPager)findViewById(R.id.view_pager);
        viewPager.setAdapter(new PagerAdapter() {
        	//实例化 Item 创建ImageView
			@Override
			public Object instantiateItem(ViewGroup container, int position) {
				ImageView imageView = new ImageView(MainActivity.this);
				imageView.setImageResource(mImgId[position]);
				imageView.setScaleType(ScaleType.CENTER_CROP);
				container.addView(imageView);
				mImages.add(imageView);
				return imageView;
			}
			@Override
			public boolean isViewFromObject(View arg0, Object arg1) {
				//判断view是否来自于 arg1 arg1 是初始化的时候添加进去的
				return arg0 == arg1;
			}
			@Override
			public int getCount() {
				//获取视图的长度
				return mImgId.length;
			}
			@Override
			public void destroyItem(ViewGroup container, int position,
					Object object) {
				//移除视图
				container.removeView(mImages.get(position));
			}
		});
    }
}
这样一个传统ViewPager就实现了

3、PageTransformer

ViewPager有个方法叫做:

setPageTransformer(boolean reverseDrawingOrder, PageTransformer transformer) 用于设置ViewPager切换时的动画效果,并且google官方还给出了两个示例。

只需要在上述代码中调用setPageTransformer即可添加切换动画效果~~下面演示google的两个PageTransformer的代码,以及运行效果。代码的位置在我们的SDK doc里面(我用的是6.0)

file:///C:/ProgramFilesWork/android-sdk/docs/training/animation/screen-slide.html

1.Zoom-out page transformer

This page transformer shrinks and fades pages when scrolling between adjacent pages. As a page gets closer to the center, it grows back to its normal size and fades in. 

public class ZoomOutPageTransformer implements ViewPager.PageTransformer {
    private static final float MIN_SCALE = 0.85f;
    private static final float MIN_ALPHA = 0.5f;
    public void transformPage(View view, float position) {
        int pageWidth = view.getWidth();
        int pageHeight = view.getHeight();
        if (position < -1) { // [-Infinity,-1)
            // This page is way off-screen to the left.
            view.setAlpha(0);
        } else if (position <= 1) { // [-1,1]
            // Modify the default slide transition to shrink the page as well
            float scaleFactor = Math.max(MIN_SCALE, 1 - Math.abs(position));
            float vertMargin = pageHeight * (1 - scaleFactor) / 2;
            float horzMargin = pageWidth * (1 - scaleFactor) / 2;
            if (position < 0) {
                view.setTranslationX(horzMargin - vertMargin / 2);
            } else {
                view.setTranslationX(-horzMargin + vertMargin / 2);
            }
            // Scale the page down (between MIN_SCALE and 1)
            view.setScaleX(scaleFactor);
            view.setScaleY(scaleFactor);
            // Fade the page relative to its size.
            view.setAlpha(MIN_ALPHA +
                    (scaleFactor - MIN_SCALE) /
                    (1 - MIN_SCALE) * (1 - MIN_ALPHA));
        } else { // (1,+Infinity]
            // This page is way off-screen to the right.
            view.setAlpha(0);
        }
    }
}

调用代码:

viewPager.setPageTransformer(true, new ZoomOutPageTransformer());
效果:


2.
Depth page transformer

This page transformer uses the default slide animation for sliding pagesto the left, while using a "depth" animation for sliding pages to theright. This depth animation fades the page out, and scales it down linearly. 

public class DepthPageTransformer implements ViewPager.PageTransformer {
    private static final float MIN_SCALE = 0.75f;
    public void transformPage(View view, float position) {
        int pageWidth = view.getWidth();
        if (position < -1) { // [-Infinity,-1)
            // This page is way off-screen to the left.
            view.setAlpha(0);
        } else if (position <= 0) { // [-1,0]
            // Use the default slide transition when moving to the left page
            view.setAlpha(1);
            view.setTranslationX(0);
            view.setScaleX(1);
            view.setScaleY(1);
        } else if (position <= 1) { // (0,1]
            // Fade the page out.
            view.setAlpha(1 - position);
            // Counteract the default slide transition
            view.setTranslationX(pageWidth * -position);
            // Scale the page down (between MIN_SCALE and 1)
            float scaleFactor = MIN_SCALE
                    + (1 - MIN_SCALE) * (1 - Math.abs(position));
            view.setScaleX(scaleFactor);
            view.setScaleY(scaleFactor);
        } else { // (1,+Infinity]
            // This page is way off-screen to the right.
            view.setAlpha(0);
        }
    }
}
调用代码:

viewPager.setPageTransformer(true, new DepthPageTransformer());
效果:


效果图都是google官网上的,我们的测试图会在兼容3.0以下贴出来,不然就重复了~~

为ViewPager添加切换就一行代码是不是很happy,可惜是不兼容3.0以下的版本的,该方法的注释上写到:

setting a PageTransformer prior to Android 3.0 (API 11) will have no effect 在3.0之前的版本设置此方法是没有效果的,那么下面我们就看如何让其兼容3.0以下版本。

3、版本的向下兼容

1、不兼容的原因

首先看下为什么不兼容,3.0以下呢?

看上面的两个示例代码,代码中View的动画使用的是属性动画,而属性动画是3.0才推出的,那么这么写肯定是不兼容3.0以下了~

那么我们首先引入nineoldandroids,让动画先能在3.0以下跑再说:

修改ZoomOutPageTransformer

public class ZoomOutPageTransformer implements ViewPager.PageTransformer {
    private static final float MIN_SCALE = 0.85f;
    private static final float MIN_ALPHA = 0.5f;
    public void transformPage(View view, float position) {
    	/*
    	 * 第一页向第二页滑动时,一页的的position从0到-1,第二页是从1到0变化
    	 */
    	Log.i("meng.li","view = "+view+" position= "+position);
        int pageWidth = view.getWidth();
        int pageHeight = view.getHeight();
        //小于 -1 表示看不见
        if (position < -1) { // [-Infinity,-1)
            // This page is way off-screen to the left.
//            view.setAlpha(0);
        	ViewHelper.setAlpha(view, 0);

        } else if (position <= 1) { // [-1,1]
            // Modify the default slide transition to shrink the page as well
            float scaleFactor = Math.max(MIN_SCALE, 1 - Math.abs(position));
            float vertMargin = pageHeight * (1 - scaleFactor) / 2;
            float horzMargin = pageWidth * (1 - scaleFactor) / 2;
            if (position < 0) {
//                view.setTranslationX(horzMargin - vertMargin / 2);
            	ViewHelper.setTranslationX(view, horzMargin-vertMargin/2);
            } else {
//                view.setTranslationX(-horzMargin + vertMargin / 2);
            	ViewHelper.setTranslationX(view, -horzMargin + vertMargin / 2);
            }

            // Scale the page down (between MIN_SCALE and 1)
//            view.setScaleX(scaleFactor);
//            view.setScaleY(scaleFactor);
            ViewHelper.setScaleX(view, scaleFactor);
            ViewHelper.setScaleY(view, scaleFactor);

            // Fade the page relative to its size.
         /*   view.setAlpha(MIN_ALPHA +
                    (scaleFactor - MIN_SCALE) /
                    (1 - MIN_SCALE) * (1 - MIN_ALPHA));*/
            ViewHelper.setAlpha(view, MIN_ALPHA +
                    (scaleFactor - MIN_SCALE) /
                    (1 - MIN_SCALE) * (1 - MIN_ALPHA));

        } else { // (1,+Infinity] //1 - 无穷表示看不见
            // This page is way off-screen to the right.
//            view.setAlpha(0);
        	//使用第三方jar实现3.0以下动画切换效果
        	ViewHelper.setAlpha(view, 0);
        }
    }
}
很简单,把所有属性动画换成ViewHelper去设置就好了。现在我们去3.0以下的机子上去运行,发现还是没有效果~~~

为什么呢?

我们再去看看setPageTransformer的源码:

public void setPageTransformer(boolean reverseDrawingOrder, PageTransformer transformer) {
        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 11) {
            final boolean hasTransformer = transformer != null;
            final boolean needsPopulate = hasTransformer != (mPageTransformer != null);
            mPageTransformer = transformer;
            setChildrenDrawingOrderEnabledCompat(hasTransformer);
            if (hasTransformer) {
                mDrawingOrder = reverseDrawingOrder ? DRAW_ORDER_REVERSE : DRAW_ORDER_FORWARD;
            } else {
                mDrawingOrder = DRAW_ORDER_DEFAULT;
            }
            if (needsPopulate) populate();
        }
    }
终于发现原因了,原来在此方法内部判断了如果是11以上的版本才让动画生效~~

那么,没办法了,如果想兼容,必须修改ViewPager的源码了~~

2、完美向下兼容

我们将ViewPager的源码拷贝一份至我们的项目中,修改名称为ViewPagerCompat;然后注释掉SDK版本判断那一句

public class ViewPagerCompat extends ViewGroup {

/**
     * 修改所有 PageTransformer transformer 为ViewPager.PageTransformer transformer
     * 注释掉版本判断的代码
     * 
     */
    public void setPageTransformer(boolean reverseDrawingOrder, ViewPager.PageTransformer transformer) {
    	//兼容3.0以下也可以使用
    	//        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= 11) {
            final boolean hasTransformer = transformer != null;
            final boolean needsPopulate = hasTransformer != (mPageTransformer != null);
            mPageTransformer = transformer;
            setChildrenDrawingOrderEnabledCompat(hasTransformer);
            if (hasTransformer) {
                mDrawingOrder = reverseDrawingOrder ? DRAW_ORDER_REVERSE : DRAW_ORDER_FORWARD;
            } else {
                mDrawingOrder = DRAW_ORDER_DEFAULT;
            }
            if (needsPopulate) populate();
//        }
    }

注意,所有的PageTransformer使用ViewPager.PageTransformer

然后我们把项目中的ViewPager改为ViewPagerCompat;记得修改布局文件,以及MainActivity中的ViewPager为ViewPagerCompat

在2.2上测试效果:


可以看到,我们的切换动画完美的运行在2.2的机器上~~so happy ~~没有ViewPager源码的童鞋不要紧,后面会提供ViewPager和属性动画Jar包的下载。

当然了,仅仅是兼容当然不能满足我们的好奇心,难道我们做到了兼容,还只能使用Google给的示例动画么~~我们强大的创新呢~~下面带领大家分析setPageTransformer方法,然后设计一个个性的动画切换效果

4、自定义PageTransformer实现个性切换动画

public interface PageTransformer {  
       /** 
        * Apply a property transformation to the given page. 
        * 
        * @param page Apply the transformation to this page 
        * @param position Position of page relative to the current front-and-center 
        *                 position of the pager. 0 is front and center. 1 is one full 
        *                 page position to the right, and -1 is one page position to the left. 
        */  
       public void transformPage(View page, float position);  
   }  
可以看到该接口只有一个方法,第一个是我们的view,第二个是position~~

当我们滑动时:会打印出ViewPager中存活的每个View以及它们的position的变化~~注意是每一个,所以建议别只log position,不然你会觉得莫名其妙的输出~~

position的可能性的值有,其实从官方示例的注释就能看出:

[-Infinity,-1)  已经看不到了

(1,+Infinity] 已经看不到了

 [-1,1] 

重点看[-1,1]这个区间 , 其他两个的View都已经看不到了~~


假设现在ViewPager在A页现在滑出B页,则:

A页的position变化就是( 0, -1]

B页的position变化就是[ 1 , 0 ]

知道了我们滑动时position的变化~~那么就开始设计我们的个性的切换效果;

官方给的例子,有变化透明度、偏移量、缩放的,我们准备来个不一样的,我们变化角度,即rotation;

效果如下:


下面我们分析代码:

我们设置View的旋转中心为:

ViewHelper.setPivotX(view, view.getMeasuredWidth() * 0.5f);
ViewHelper.setPivotY(view, view.getMeasuredHeight());

依然是ViewPager在A页现在滑出B页

那么A页应当在滑动过程中0度到-20度的偏移,B页应当在滑动过程中+20度到0度的偏移

结合

A页的position变化就是( 0, -1]

B页的position变化就是[ 1 , 0 ]

那么旋转的角度即:mRot = (20 * position); A页 mRot :0 ,~ -20 ; B页 mRot :20 ~ 0  ;

瞬间觉得好简单:

完整代码:

/*
 * 自定义动画切换效果,旋转效果
 */
public class RotatePageTransform implements ViewPager.PageTransformer{
//A页角度变化从 0 - 负20 度, B页角度变化从 正20 - 0
	private static final float MAX_ROTATE = 20;
	private float mRoat = 0;
	@Override
	public void transformPage(View view, float position) {
		int pageWidth = view.getWidth();
        int pageHeight = view.getHeight();
        //小于 -1 表示看不见
        if (position < -1) { // [-Infinity,-1)
        	ViewHelper.setAlpha(view, 0);
        } else if (position <= 0) { 
        	/*
        	 * A页切换到B页 A页的position 0 - -1; B页的position 1- 0
        	 */
        	//0  到 -20
        	mRoat = position *MAX_ROTATE;
        	ViewHelper.setPivotX(view, pageWidth/2);
        	ViewHelper.setPivotY(view, view.getMeasuredHeight());
        	ViewHelper.setRotation(view, mRoat);
        }else if(position <= 1){
        	// (0,1]
        	mRoat = position * MAX_ROTATE;
        	ViewHelper.setPivotX(view, pageWidth/2);
        	ViewHelper.setPivotY(view, view.getMeasuredHeight());
        	ViewHelper.setRotation(view, mRoat);
        	
        }else { // (1,+Infinity] //1 - 无穷表示看不见
            // This page is way off-screen to the right.
//            view.setAlpha(0);
        	//使用第三方jar实现3.0以下动画切换效果
        	ViewHelper.setAlpha(view, 0);
        }
	}
}
你没看错,if else 里面代码是一样的,为了好理解特意没有合并到一起~~~

到此,我们从setPageTransformer使用,到修改ViewPager做到向下兼容,直至自己定义出个性的切换效果 都已经介绍完毕~~

ViewPager 源码和第三方Jar包下载地址:http://download.csdn.net/detail/u010583599/9587239
本文转载自:http://blog.csdn.net/lmj623565791/article/details/40411921








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