iOS：如何執行HTTP POST 請求

iOS：如何執行HTTP POST 請求？

我正在接近iOS開發，我想讓我的第一個應用程序之一執行HTTP POST請求。

據我所知，我應該管理通過NSURLConnection對象處理請求的連接，這迫使我有一個委託對象，而後者又處理數據事件。

有人可以通過一個實際例子澄清這個任務嗎？

我應該聯繫https端點發送身份驗證數據（用戶名和密碼）並獲取純文本響應。

iphoneobjective-cios

 128

2011年4月4日Federico Zancan

 

您可以按如下方式使用NSURLConnection：

1. 設置NSURLRequest：使用requestWithURL:(NSURL *)theURL初始化請求。

   如果需要指定POST請求和/或HTTP標頭，請使用NSMutableURLRequest

   • (void)setHTTPMethod:(NSString *)method
   • (void)setHTTPBody:(NSData *)data
   • (void)setValue:(NSString *)value forHTTPHeaderField:(NSString *)field

2. 使用NSURLConnection以兩種方式發送您的請求：

   • 同步：(NSData *)sendSynchronousRequest:(NSURLRequest *)request returningResponse:(NSURLResponse **)response error:(NSError **)error

     這將返回您可以處理的NSData變量。

     重要提示：請記住在單獨的線程中啓動同步請求以避免阻止UI。

   • 異步：(void)start

不要忘記設置NSURLConnection的委託來處理連接，如下所示：

- (void)connection:(NSURLConnection *)connection didReceiveResponse:(NSURLResponse *)response {
    [self.data setLength:0];
}

- (void)connection:(NSURLConnection *)connection didReceiveData:(NSData *)d {
    [self.data appendData:d];
}

- (void)connection:(NSURLConnection *)connection didFailWithError:(NSError *)error {
    [[[[UIAlertView alloc] initWithTitle:NSLocalizedString(@"Error", @"")
                                 message:[error localizedDescription]
                                delegate:nil
                       cancelButtonTitle:NSLocalizedString(@"OK", @"") 
                       otherButtonTitles:nil] autorelease] show];
}

- (void)connectionDidFinishLoading:(NSURLConnection *)connection {
    NSString *responseText = [[NSString alloc] initWithData:self.data encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];

    // Do anything you want with it 

    [responseText release];
}

// Handle basic authentication challenge if needed
- (void)connection:(NSURLConnection *)connection didReceiveAuthenticationChallenge:(NSURLAuthenticationChallenge *)challenge {
    NSString *username = @"username";
    NSString *password = @"password";

    NSURLCredential *credential = [NSURLCredential credentialWithUser:username
                                                             password:password
                                                          persistence:NSURLCredentialPersistenceForSession];
    [[challenge sender] useCredential:credential forAuthenticationChallenge:challenge];
}

 168

2011年4月4日Anh Do

編輯：ASIHTTPRequest已被開發人員拋棄。它仍然是非常好的IMO，但你現在應該看看其他地方。

我強烈建議使用 ASIHTTPRequest庫 如果您正在處理HTTPS。即使沒有https，它也爲這樣的東西提供了一個非常好的包裝器，雖然通過簡單的http做自己並不難，我只是覺得這個庫很好並且是一個很好的入門方式。

HTTPS的複雜性在各種情況下都是微不足道的，如果您想要在處理所有變體時都很健壯，那麼您會發現ASI庫是一個真正的幫助。

 13

2011年4月4日Roger

我想我會更新這篇文章，並說很多iOS社區已經轉移到 AFNetworkingASIHTTPRequest被放棄後。我強烈推薦它。它是NSURLConnection的一個很好的包裝器，允許異步調用，基本上你可能需要的任何東西。

 7

2013年5月15日Jesse Naugher

這是iOS7 +的更新答案。它使用NSURLSession，新的熱點。免責聲明，這是未經測試的，並寫在文本字段中：

- (void)post {
    NSURLSession *session = [NSURLSession sessionWithConfiguration:[NSURLSessionConfiguration defaultSessionConfiguration] delegate:self delegateQueue:nil];
    NSMutableURLRequest *request = [NSMutableURLRequest requestWithURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@"https://example.com/dontposthere"] cachePolicy:NSURLRequestUseProtocolCachePolicy timeoutInterval:60.0];
    // Uncomment the following two lines if you're using JSON like I imagine many people are (the person who is asking specified plain text)
    // [request addValue:@"application/json" forHTTPHeaderField:@"Content-Type"];
    // [request addValue:@"application/json" forHTTPHeaderField:@"Accept"]; 
    [request setHTTPMethod:@"POST"];
    NSURLSessionDataTask *postDataTask = [session dataTaskWithRequest:request completionHandler:^(NSData *data, NSURLResponse *response, NSError *error) {
        NSString *responseString = [[NSString alloc] initWithData:data encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
    }];
    [postDataTask resume];
}

-(void)URLSession:(NSURLSession *)session didReceiveChallenge:(NSURLAuthenticationChallenge *)challenge completionHandler:(void (^)(    NSURLSessionAuthChallengeDisposition disposition, NSURLCredential *credential))completionHandler {
    completionHandler(NSURLSessionAuthChallengeUseCredential, [NSURLCredential credentialForTrust:challenge.protectionSpace.serverTrust]);
}

或者更好的是，使用AFNetworking 2.0+。通常我會將AFHTTPSessionManager子類化，但我將這一切都放在一個方法中以得到一個簡潔的例子。

- (void)post {
    AFHTTPSessionManager *manager = [[AFHTTPSessionManager alloc] initWithBaseURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@"https://example.com"]];
    // Many people will probably want [AFJSONRequestSerializer serializer];
    manager.requestSerializer = [AFHTTPRequestSerializer serializer];
    // Many people will probably want [AFJSONResponseSerializer serializer];
    manager.responseSerializer = [AFHTTPRequestSerializer serializer];
    manager.securityPolicy.allowInvalidCertificates = NO; // Some servers require this to be YES, but default is NO.
    [manager.requestSerializer setAuthorizationHeaderFieldWithUsername:@"username" password:@"password"];
    [[manager POST:@"dontposthere" parameters:nil success:^(NSURLSessionDataTask *task, id responseObject) {
        NSString *responseString = [[NSString alloc] initWithData:responseObject encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
    } failure:^(NSURLSessionDataTask *task, NSError *error) {
        NSLog(@"darn it");
    }] resume];
}

如果您使用的是JSON響應序列化程序，則responseObject將是JSON響應中的對象（通常是NSDictionary或NSArray）。

 6

2015年3月25日Kyle Robson

注意：Pure Swift 3（Xcode 8）示例： 請嘗試以下示例代碼。這是dataTask的URLSession函數的簡單示例。

func simpleDataRequest() {

        //Get the url from url string
        let url:URL = URL(string: "YOUR URL STRING")!

        //Get the session instance
        let session = URLSession.shared

        //Create Mutable url request
        var request = URLRequest(url: url as URL)

        //Set the http method type
        request.httpMethod = "POST"

        //Set the cache policy
        request.cachePolicy = URLRequest.CachePolicy.reloadIgnoringCacheData

        //Post parameter
        let paramString = "key=value"

        //Set the post param as the request body
        request.httpBody = paramString.data(using: String.Encoding.utf8)

        let task = session.dataTask(with: request as URLRequest) {
            (data, response, error) in

            guard let _:Data = data as Data?, let _:URLResponse = response  , error == nil else {

                //Oops! Error occured.
                print("error")
                return
            }

            //Get the raw response string
            let dataString = String(data: data!, encoding: String.Encoding(rawValue: String.Encoding.utf8.rawValue))

            //Print the response
            print(dataString!)

        }

        //resume the task
        task.resume()

    }

 1

2016年10月20日Dinesh

Xcode 8和Swift 3.0

使用URLSession：

 let url = URL(string:"Download URL")!
 let req = NSMutableURLRequest(url:url)
 let config = URLSessionConfiguration.default
 let session = URLSession(configuration: config, delegate: self, delegateQueue: OperationQueue.main)

 let task : URLSessionDownloadTask = session.downloadTask(with: req as URLRequest)
task.resume()

URLSession委託調用：

func urlSession(_ session: URLSession, task: URLSessionTask, didCompleteWithError error: Error?) {

}


func urlSession(_ session: URLSession, downloadTask: URLSessionDownloadTask, 
didWriteData bytesWritten: Int64, totalBytesWritten writ: Int64, totalBytesExpectedToWrite exp: Int64) {
                   print("downloaded \(100*writ/exp)" as AnyObject)

}

func urlSession(_ session: URLSession, downloadTask: URLSessionDownloadTask, didFinishDownloadingTo location: URL){

}

使用塊GET/POST/PUT/DELETE：

 let request = NSMutableURLRequest(url: URL(string: "Your API URL here" ,param: param))!,
        cachePolicy: .useProtocolCachePolicy,
        timeoutInterval:"Your request timeout time in Seconds")
    request.httpMethod = "GET"
    request.allHTTPHeaderFields = headers as? [String : String] 

    let session = URLSession.shared

    let dataTask = session.dataTask(with: request as URLRequest) {data,response,error in
        let httpResponse = response as? HTTPURLResponse

        if (error != nil) {
         print(error)
         } else {
         print(httpResponse)
         }

        DispatchQueue.main.async {
           //Update your UI here
        }

    }
    dataTask.resume()

對我來說工作正常..試試100％結果保證

 0

2017年5月19日Saumil Shah

以下是使用NSURLSession的POST HTTP請求如何適用於iOS 8+：

- (void)call_PostNetworkingAPI:(NSURL *)url withCompletionBlock:(void(^)(id object,NSError *error,NSURLResponse *response))completion
{
    NSURLSessionConfiguration *config = [NSURLSessionConfiguration defaultSessionConfiguration];
    config.requestCachePolicy = NSURLRequestReloadIgnoringLocalCacheData;
    config.URLCache = nil;
    config.timeoutIntervalForRequest = 5.0f;
    config.timeoutIntervalForResource =10.0f;
    NSURLSession *session = [NSURLSession sessionWithConfiguration:config delegate:nil delegateQueue:nil];
    NSMutableURLRequest *Req=[NSMutableURLRequest requestWithURL:url];
    [Req setHTTPMethod:@"POST"];

    NSURLSessionDataTask *task = [session dataTaskWithRequest:Req completionHandler:^(NSData * _Nullable data, NSURLResponse * _Nullable response, NSError * _Nullable error) {
        if (error == nil) {

            NSDictionary *dict = [NSJSONSerialization JSONObjectWithData:data options:NSJSONReadingAllowFragments error:nil];
            if (dict != nil) {
                completion(dict,error,response);
            }
        }else
        {
            completion(nil,error,response);
        }
    }];
    [task resume];

}

希望這將滿足您的以下要求。