實現原理：
長連接的維持，是要客戶端程序，定時向服務端程序，發送一個維持連接包的。
如果，長時間未發送維持連接包，服務端程序將斷開連接。
客戶端：
Client通過持有Socket的對象，可以隨時（使用sendObject方法）發送Massage Object(消息)給服務端。
如果keepAliveDelay毫秒（程序中是2秒）內未發送任何數據，則自動發送一個KeepAlive Object(心跳)給服務端，用於維持連接。
由於，我們向服務端，可以發送很多不同的消息對象，服務端也可以返回不同的對象。所以，對於返回對象的處理，要編寫具體的ObjectAction實現類進行處理。通過Client.addActionMap方法進行添加。這樣，程序會回調處理。
服務端：
由於客戶端會定時（keepAliveDelay毫秒）發送維持連接的信息過來，所以，服務端要有一個檢測機制。
即當服務端receiveTimeDelay毫秒（程序中是3秒）內未接收任何數據，則自動斷開與客戶端的連接。
ActionMapping的原理與客戶端相似（相同）。
通過添加相應的ObjectAction實現類，可以實現不同對象的響應、應答過程。
心跳反映的代碼：
**
*
* 維持連接的消息對象（心跳對象）
*/
public class KeepAlive implements Serializable{
private static final long serialVersionUID = -2813120366138988480L;
/* 覆蓋該方法，僅用於測試使用。
* @see java.lang.Object#toString()
*/
@Override
public String toString() {
return new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss").format(new Date())+"\t維持連接包";
}
}
客戶端的代碼：
public class Client {
/**
* 處理服務端發回的對象，可實現該接口。
*/
public static interface ObjectAction{
void doAction(Object obj,Client client);
}
public static final class DefaultObjectAction implements ObjectAction{
public void doAction(Object obj,Client client) {
System.out.println("處理：\t"+obj.toString());
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws UnknownHostException, IOException {
String serverIp = "127.0.0.1";
int port = 65432;
Client client = new Client(serverIp,port);
client.start();
}
private String serverIp;
private int port;
private Socket socket;
private boolean running=false; //連接狀態
private long lastSendTime; //最後一次發送數據的時間
//用於保存接收消息對象類型及該類型消息處理的對象
private ConcurrentHashMap<Class, ObjectAction> actionMapping = new ConcurrentHashMap<Class,ObjectAction>();
public Client(String serverIp, int port) {
this.serverIp=serverIp;
this.port=port;
}
public void start() throws UnknownHostException, IOException {
if(running)return;
socket = new Socket(serverIp,port);
System.out.println("本地端口："+socket.getLocalPort());
lastSendTime=System.currentTimeMillis();
running=true;
new Thread(new KeepAliveWatchDog()).start(); //保持長連接的線程，每隔2秒項服務器發一個一個保持連接的心跳消息
new Thread(new ReceiveWatchDog()).start(); //接受消息的線程，處理消息
}
public void stop(){
if(running)running=false;
}
/**
* 添加接收對象的處理對象。
* @param cls 待處理的對象，其所屬的類。
* @param action 處理過程對象。
*/
public void addActionMap(Class<Object> cls,ObjectAction action){
actionMapping.put(cls, action);
}
public void sendObject(Object obj) throws IOException {
ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(socket.getOutputStream());
oos.writeObject(obj);
System.out.println("發送：\t"+obj);
oos.flush();
}
class KeepAliveWatchDog implements Runnable{
long checkDelay = 10;
long keepAliveDelay = 2000;
public void run() {
while(running){
if(System.currentTimeMillis()-lastSendTime>keepAliveDelay){
try {
Client.this.sendObject(new KeepAlive());
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
Client.this.stop();
}
lastSendTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
}else{
try {
Thread.sleep(checkDelay);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
Client.this.stop();
}
}
}
}
}
class ReceiveWatchDog implements Runnable{
public void run() {
while(running){
try {
InputStream in = socket.getInputStream();
if(in.available()>0){
ObjectInputStream ois = new ObjectInputStream(in);
Object obj = ois.readObject();
System.out.println("接收：\t"+obj);
ObjectAction oa = actionMapping.get(obj.getClass());
oa = oa==null?new DefaultObjectAction():oa;
oa.doAction(obj, Client.this);
}else{
Thread.sleep(10);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
Client.this.stop();
}
}
}
}
}
服務短的代碼：
public class Server {
/**
* 要處理客戶端發來的對象，並返回一個對象，可實現該接口。
*/
public interface ObjectAction{
Object doAction(Object rev, Server server);
}
public static final class DefaultObjectAction implements ObjectAction{
public Object doAction(Object rev,Server server) {
System.out.println("處理並返回："+rev);
return rev;
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
int port = 65432;
Server server = new Server(port);
server.start();
}
private int port;
private volatile boolean running=false;
private long receiveTimeDelay=3000;
private ConcurrentHashMap<Class, ObjectAction> actionMapping = new ConcurrentHashMap<Class,ObjectAction>();
private Thread connWatchDog;
public Server(int port) {
this.port = port;
}
public void start(){
if(running)return;
running=true;
connWatchDog = new Thread(new ConnWatchDog());
connWatchDog.start();
}
@SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
public void stop(){
if(running)running=false;
if(connWatchDog!=null)connWatchDog.stop();
}
public void addActionMap(Class<Object> cls,ObjectAction action){
actionMapping.put(cls, action);
}
class ConnWatchDog implements Runnable{
public void run(){
try {
ServerSocket ss = new ServerSocket(port,5);
while(running){
Socket s = ss.accept();
new Thread(new SocketAction(s)).start();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
Server.this.stop();
}
}
}
class SocketAction implements Runnable{
Socket s;
boolean run=true;
long lastReceiveTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
public SocketAction(Socket s) {
this.s = s;
}
public void run() {
while(running && run){
if(System.currentTimeMillis()-lastReceiveTime>receiveTimeDelay){
overThis();
}else{
try {
InputStream in = s.getInputStream();
if(in.available()>0){
ObjectInputStream ois = new ObjectInputStream(in);
Object obj = ois.readObject();
lastReceiveTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.println("接收：\t"+obj);
ObjectAction oa = actionMapping.get(obj.getClass());
oa = oa==null?new DefaultObjectAction():oa;
Object out = oa.doAction(obj,Server.this);
if(out!=null){
ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(s.getOutputStream());
oos.writeObject(out);
oos.flush();
}
}else{
Thread.sleep(10);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
overThis();
}
}
}
}
private void overThis() {
if(run)run=false;
if(s!=null){
try {
s.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
System.out.println("關閉："+s.getRemoteSocketAddress());
}
}
}