解读 WebAssembly 的 2020：Web 以外的进展与计划

{"type":"doc","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"本文是 InfoQ“解读 2020”年终技术盘点系列文章之一。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"大约一年前，“字节码联盟”（BA，Bytecode Alliance）宣布成立，而自那时起已经过去了将近一年的时间。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"尽管 2020 年这个特殊的年份，让 WebAssembly（后面简称 Wasm） 社区在某些阵线上的发展放慢了脚步，但相对的，在其他方面却也取得了很多的进展。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":" "}]},{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"italic"}],"text":"注：文中提及的“社区”，是指包括：字节码联盟、WWG、WCG 以及所有 Wasm 工具、基础设施相关开发者共同组成的这样一个 Wasm 社区，这里不单独进行区分。"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"如今，社区已经适应了这种新的常态，并且正在整装待发地准备在各个阵线上来个“加速超车”。但在此之前，让我们先来看一看，迄今为止社区所取得的成就。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"有关“纳米进程”模型的进展"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"社区的一个重要目标是希望能够将 WebAssembly 从一种应用程序的“编译目标”，发展成为一种可以用来组织应用程序的“模块化生态系统”。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"这样，便有机会解决当前软件开发方式中许多长期存在的问题。例如，通过这种方式可以使应用程序更加安全地使用那些不是由作者本人编写的第三方依赖库中的代码。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"而这也就是为什么“"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/hacks.mozilla.org\/2019\/11\/announcing-the-bytecode-alliance\/","title":"","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"纳米进程模型"}]},{"type":"text","text":"”如此重要的一个原因。为了"},{"type":"text","text":"使开发人员能够轻松避免这些问题的，这是一种必要的开发范式上转变。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"纳米进程模型的三个核心组成部分仍在发展中："}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"bulletedlist","content":[{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"WASI（WebAssembly System Interface，WebAssembly 操作系统接口）；"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"模块链接（Module Linking）；"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"接口类型（Interface Types）；"}]}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}}]}