基于Docker实现Mysql主从同步
Docker搭建主从服务
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MySQL Docker Image 安装
docker pull mysql:8.0 -
运行容器
Master 对外映射端口 3307
docker run -p 3307:3306 --name master_mysql -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 -d mysql:8.0Slave 对外映射端口 3308
docker run -p 3308:3306 --name slave_mysql -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 -d mysql:8.0 -
查看正在运行的容器
docker psCONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES f1dd97714edd mysql:8.0 "docker-entrypoint.s…" 44 seconds ago Up 43 seconds 33060/tcp, 0.0.0.0:3308->3306/tcp slave_mysql c9c213ae2ba1 mysql:8.0 "docker-entrypoint.s…" 50 seconds ago Up 49 seconds 33060/tcp, 0.0.0.0:3307->3306/tcp master_mysql
配置
主节点
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修改ids
# 进入 master 容器内部 docker exec -it master_mysql /bin/bash # 同步时间 ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime echo 'Asia/Shanghai' >/etc/timezone # 更换源 mv /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak echo "deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian stable main contrib non-free" >> /etc/apt/sources.list echo "deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian stable-updates main contrib non-free" >>/etc/apt/sources.list # 安装vim apt-get update apt-get install vim -y # 修改 my.cnf vim /etc/mysql/my.cnf -
my.cnf 添加内容:
[mysqld] # 同一局域网内唯一ID server-id=1 # 开启二进制日志功能 log-bin=mysql-bin # 开启日志 # general_log = 1 # general_log_file = /var/log/mysql/general_sql.log # 需要忽略的库，忽略后不同步此库 binlog-ignore-db=information_schema binlog-ignore-db=cluster binlog-ignore-db=mysql # 需要同步的库 # binlog-do-db=test -
重启 master 容器
docker restart master_mysql -
验证server id
-- 连接mysql mysql -h127.0.0.1 -P3307 -uroot -p123456 show variables like 'server_id';+---------------+-------+ | Variable_name | Value | +---------------+-------+ | server_id | 1 | +---------------+-------+注意：如果不修改ID会报错
13117: Fatal error: The slave I/O thread stops because master and slave have equal MySQL server ids; these ids must be different for replication to work (or the --replicate-same-server-id option must be used on slave but this does not always make sense; please check the manual before using it). -
查看 master 的 binlog，此时需要保证Master库不能做任何操作，否则将会引起状态变化
show master status;+------------------+----------+--------------+----------------------------------+-------------------+ | File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set | +------------------+----------+--------------+----------------------------------+-------------------+ | mysql-bin.000003 | 156 | | information_schema,cluster,mysql | | +------------------+----------+--------------+----------------------------------+-------------------+ -
创建数据同步用户
这用户需要授予
slave REPLICATION SLAVE,REPLICATION CLIENT权限，用于同步数据CREATE USER 'slave'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456'; GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE, REPLICATION CLIENT on *.* TO 'slave'@'%';可用
show grants for slave;来验证是否授权成功, 使用mysql -h127.0.0.1 -P3307 -uslave -p123456来验证是否可以登录
从节点
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修改ids
# 进入 slave 容器内部 docker exec -it slave_mysql /bin/bash # 同步时间 ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime echo 'Asia/Shanghai' >/etc/timezone # 更换源 mv /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak echo "deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian stable main contrib non-free" >> /etc/apt/sources.list echo "deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/debian stable-updates main contrib non-free" >>/etc/apt/sources.list # 安装vim apt-get update apt-get install vim -y # 修改 my.cnf vim /etc/mysql/my.cnf -
my.cnf 添加内容:
[mysqld] # 同一局域网内唯一ID server-id=2 # 开启二进制日志功能，以备Slave作为其它Slave的Master时使用 log-bin=mysql-slave-bin # relay_log配置中继日志 relay_log=mysql-relay-bin # 开启日志 # general_log = 1 # general_log_file = /var/log/mysql/general_sql.log # 需要忽略的库，忽略后不同步此库 binlog-ignore-db=information_schema binlog-ignore-db=cluster binlog-ignore-db=mysql replicate-ignore-db=mysql # 需要复制的库 # replicate-do-db=ufind_db log-slave-updates slave-skip-errors=all slave-net-timeout=60 -
重启 slave 容器
docker restart slave_mysql -
验证server id
# 连接mysql mysql -h127.0.0.1 -P3308 -uroot -p123456 show variables like 'server_id';+---------------+-------+ | Variable_name | Value | +---------------+-------+ | server_id | 2 | +---------------+-------+ -
链接主节点
查询主节点容器的独立IP
-- 链接配置 CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='你的网络IP,不能是 127.0.0.1', MASTER_PORT=3307, MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000001', MASTER_LOG_POS=156, MASTER_CONNECT_RETRY=30, MASTER_BIND=''; -- 启动 start slave user='slave' password='123456'; -- 如果 slave 报错: [ERROR] [MY-010584] [Repl] Slave I/O for channel , 尝试使用 root -- start slave user='root' password='123456'; -- 查看 slave 状态，确保: Slave_IO_Running: Connecting, Slave_SQL_Running: Yes show slave status\G说明:
master_host: Master的地址 master_port: Master的端口号 master_user: 用于数据同步的用户 master_password: 用于同步的用户的密码 master_log_file: 指定 Slave 从哪个日志文件开始复制数据，即上文中提到的 File 字段的值 master_log_pos: 从哪个 Position 开始读，即上文中提到的 Position 字段的值 master_connect_retry: 如果连接失败，重试的时间间隔，单位是秒，默认是60秒注意: 可用
docker logs -f slave_mysql查看连接错误时的日志
测试
主节点创建数据库，查看从节点是否有同步
主:
create database test default character set utf8;
create table test.tbl_test (`user` varchar(64) not null, age int(11) not null) default charset utf8;
insert into test.tbl_test values ('li',22);
从：
show databases;
show tables from test;
select * from test.tbl_test;
+------+-----+
| user | age |
+------+-----+
| li | 22 |
+------+-----+